kjsk ;dlaIKh fld;rus oshqKq jqj;a usksia

isrerg iu l< yels

WmlrKhla ksuejsug ;ju;a

yelsjs we;aoehs gsllg is;d

n,uq

wmsg oefkk WKqiqu -is;,-.|-iqjo-ri wmsg fjkalr

y¥kd .eksug mq,qjk

yDoh ls%hd;auljkakg mgka

.kafka wms wusudf.a l=i ;=< isgsh osuhs wms bm¥k fj,dfjs isgu

Yaikh is¥ fjs wdydr .kakd yeujsgu Yaikho is¥ fjs

isrefra jsjsO moaO;s lsysmhla .ek f;dr;=re fidhuq

moaO;s usksia isrerg we;sm%fhdack

wdydr csraK moaO;sh

wuqØjH ,nd .eksu yd osrjsu

Yajik moaO;sh Ulaiscka ,nd .eksu yd -msg lsrsu

reOsr ixirK moaO;sh

reOsrh tyd fuyd f.k huska mj;ajd .eksu

nysid%js moaO;sh wmØjH msg lsrsu

iakdhq moaO;sh mKsjsv tyd fuyd f.k heu yd ixfjsos;d

wia:s yd fmaYs moaO;sh

w;a md Yrsrh p,kh ixp,kh fi,jsu ksfid,auka lsrsu

wdydr csraK moaO;sh

wms bm¥k od mgka fldmuK wdydr iy oshr m%udkhla .s,oud we;ao@ fusjdg is¥jqfhal=ulao@ wdydrfhka fldgila

wm isrefrka wiqps f,iNeyer fjs ;j;a fldgila

Yrsrhg m%fhdackhg .efka

wm .kakd wdydr uq,skau we;=,a jkafka uqLhghs tajd l=vd len,s j,g lvd .eksug bosrsmi lDka;l o;a brd .eksug rokl o;a

wUrd .eksug pdrajl iy mqriapdrajl o;a yev .eis ;sfns

fufia weUfrk wdydrh fl< iu. usY% js wkakf>da;h foig ;,a,q fjs fuhg Wmldrs jkafka wfma osjhs thska wdudYh ;=,g f.dia meh 4 ;a 6w;r ld,hla wdudYfha csraKh is¥fjs B<. wjia:dfjsos

wdydr .uka lrkafka l=vd wka;%hghs fuysos wlaudfjka iy ms;a;dY

)fhka we;s jk >dj yd w.akHdYfhka we;s jk tkaihsu u.ska

wdydrh ;j ¥rg;a csraKh fjs wdydrfha we;s fmdaIl fldgia

ish,a, l=vd wka;%fha os Wrd .kshs bkamiq uyd wka;%hg f.dia

tys we;s c,h jevs fldgila isrerg Wrd .kshs wjYH ke;s fldgia .=ofhka msg flfra

b;srs gsl

Yajik moaO;sfha ls%hdldrs;ajh wdrusN jkafka wms fuf,dj t<sh

olajkjd;a iu.hs tu ls%hdj wms ush hk;=re u taldlrsj isÿfjs jskdvs .Kkdjla Yajikh isÿ fkdjqk fyd;a urKh we;sfjs Yajdikd,h yryd fmKy,qj,g we;=,qjk jd;h reOsrh yd iusnkaO

jkafka .ra; l=yr kus jq l=vd fldgiaj, osh fusjd ixLHdfjka us,shk 300 muK jk w;r tajdfha jra. m%udKh fjd,sfnda,a msgshl jra. m%udKhg iul, yel Yajik ls%hdj,sh bfnsgu isÿfjk fohls fmKy,q j,g jd;h we;=,qjk jsg wfma mmqj bosrshg fkrd ths jd;h msgj hkjsg mmqj h:d;;ajhg m;a fjhs

iajdikd,sld

iajdikd,h

wkqiajdikd,sldj

iajrd,h

..ra;

isrefra iEu;eklu ieu ffi,hlu reOsrh .uka lrhsreOsrh isrer mqrd .uka lrkafka kd, moaO;shla u.Sks fuu kd, lrd msrsisÿ reOsrh fhduq lrkafka

yDoh u.sks isrefra mgl j,ska tk wmsrsisÿreOsrh fmky,q lrd fhduq lrjkafka yDohhs fussjdusY% fkdjs ;nd.eksug ydoh fjkuu fldgia 4lg fnos ;sfns ydoh ;=< fuu reOsr .ukh ioyd

issÿjk ls%hdj,sh mqÿu iy.;hs fmky,qj,os Ulaiscka

,nd.kakd reOsrh yDoh lrd .uka lrhs tajdkeaj; isrer mqrd fnod yersug yDoh

yev .eis we;

wfma mmqfjs jus me;a;g lk;nd weyqus lka fokak yDoh ,ns vns

Ynsoh wmsg wefia yDohgo csj;a jsug reOsrh wjYhhs thg

reOsrh wjYhhs thg reOsrh f.k hkafka lsrsgl Ouks u.sks

fuu Ouks wjysr jsu ksid yDohdndO we;sfjs yDoh fmdusmhla

wdldrhg ls%hdlr msrsisÿ reOsrh isrer mqrd fnod yrshs fus

ioyd Yrsrfha ieu wjhjhlgu ffi, hlgu hkmrsos reOsr

jdysks moaO;sh ielis we; fus kd, moaO;sh tl os.g ;nd

ne,qqj fyd;a th lsf,dausgr 100000la muk os.=fjs ie;mqus

j,ska ne,qj fyd;a 62500 muK fjs

yDofha isg mgl lrdhk reOsrfha ffi,j,g wjYH bkaOk f,i

Wdydr yd Ulaiscka rEf.k hhs tfukau ffi,j, ksmojk wmØjH

iy ldnkavfhdlaihsvs wdmiq yDoh lrd f.k taug fjku kd, moaO;s

we; fusjd Ysrd f,i yÿkajhs wms ish,a,kaf.au f,a r;=mdghs tamdg

,nd fokafka f,aj, we;s r;= reOssrdKq ksidh r;= reOsrdKq j,

We;s ysfudlaf,dnska ksid r;= jraKh ,efns reOsrfha r;= reOsrdKq jeks

;j;a ffi, jra.hla we; tajd iqÿ rOssrdKq f,i yÿkajhs r;= reOsrdKq

u.Ska ffi,lrd wdydr iy Tlaiscka f.khk w;r iqÿ reOsrdKq u.ska

issrerg wdrlaIdj ,nd fohs tu.ska isrerg we;=,q jk jsInsc jsksYlr

Ouhs wm ieuf.a f,a tlu mdg jqj;a f,a jra. 4la we; tkus

A B AB Ohkqfjks tfukau rsiia Ok iy rsiia iDK jYfhka fusjdo

Fldgia follg fnfohs

;j;a wkq fldgila

Usksia isrer ;=, iEu fudfyd;lu wisrsu;a fohla isÿfjs tla tla ldraH

ioyd jsfYaIs; jq wjhj msysgd ;sfnkjd fukau ta ta wjhj tls ldraH

Yrshdldrj lsrsugo yev .eis we; isrer ;=, isÿjk jsjsO ldraHhkays

ksmojk wmØjh neyer lsrsug ir, iy ixlSraK l%u rdYshla ;sfns

ffi, ;=< ksmojk ldnkavfhdlaihsvs isrerg t;rus wys;lr foaj,a fkdfjs tfy;a tajd myiqfjka msglsrsug fmKy,q ielis we; m%Yajd;

jd;h;a iu. ldnkavfhdlaihsvs neyer flfra isrefra ffi, ;=, wdydrj,

wvx.= fmda%gSka ridhksl fjkia jsulg Ndck jsu ksid wefudakshd ksmofjs

fusjd isrerg ydkslr wmØjH f,ii,lkq ,nhs fuu wefudakshd wlaudfjsos

hqqrshd njg yrjk w;r fuu hqrshd c,fha osh js jl=.vq yryd uq;d%

iu. msg js hhs

isrefra wmØjHneyer lrk m%Odk;u wjHjh jkafka jl=.vqhs fus

jl=.vq ;=< we;s ie;mqus 34la muK jk l=vdkd, rdYshla ;=<ska

reOsrh .uka lrk jsg tys we;s fndfyda isrerg wys;lr foa fmrs

uqq%q;d% iu. Msg fjs fnfyjska c,h mdkh lsrsu uq;%d iu. isrefra

we;s wmØjH neyer lsrsug Wojs fjs ’;j;a wmØjH fldgila iu

yryd oyvsh iu. Msgfjs tfukau wlaudj wm .kakd wdydr j,

we;s jsI iys; ØjH jsIyrkh lsrsug;a ;j;a wmØjH isrefrka neyer lsrsug;a Wojs fjs

jsfYaIfhkau jl=.vq wlaudj jeks wvmK jqjfyd;a isrer ;=< wmØjH

tla jsu ksid fndfyda frda.dndO j,g;a urKhg;a m;ajsug mq,qjk

jl=.vq

jl=.vq

uqd;d% jdysks

uq;d%Yh

fud,hyssia lnf,ka wdrlaId js we;s fud<h uia;sialh hk kuska o

yeoskafjs uDÿf,do legshla fia fud<h oelsh yelsh ye.sus ,nd

.eksu " jsuisu " ms<s;=re osu fus ish,a,lau fud,fha ls%hdj,shg

wh;ah fud<h fldgia 5ls tajd kus uy fud<h " ueo fud<h"

mg, " lmd,h " iqIquskdj ysfiys msgqmig fjkakg l=vd fud<ho

Ueo uy fud<ho msysgd we; uy fud<h i;= jev fldgi

jsYd,h tkus l,amkd lsrsu " ;ralh " mxj bkaØhka fufyhjsu

hkdoshhs uy fud<h l=vd fud<hg jvd jvd jsYd,hs fud<h

iusnkaO bkaØhka ’uOH iakdhq moaO;sh ’hkqfjkao yeoskafjs l=vd

fud<h iakdhq moaO;s iusnkaO uOHia:dkh nejska uy fud<hg

jvd iqrlaIs;j msysgd we;

fud<h

Y=iquskdj

ussksia isrefra jgskdjq;a " ishqusjq;a " wei Yrsr fYdaNdj fukau w;HjYH tlsfkl ls%hdjka uekjska

mj;ajd .eksug ufydamldrs jk bkaØshlswei uDÿh fmfkk jsjsO rem f.k fud<hg hjhs

usksid olsk ishoyila rem wefika fud<hghjhs ta wkqj wei i;a;aj csjs;hl wmqre;u

bkaØshla lsj yelshs weil m%Odk fldgia 3la u;=msgska oelsh yelsh

taajd kus weia neu " weismsh " wlaIsf.da,h

;drd uKav,h

lKsKsldj ly,mh

oDIaOs js;dkh

wlaIs f.da,h ldp rih

wia:s moaO;sh

usksfil=f.a Yrsrh iEos we;s wdldrh foi n,kak ' tys wia:s moaO;shla

olakg ,efns ysia ln, " mraY= "w;amd wia:s j,ska wia:s moaO;sh ksraudKh

js ;sfns'fmaYs moaO;shwia:s moaO;sh tlsfkl yd iusnkaO js we;af;a fmaYs moaO;sh

u.sks

w;a md we;=,q Yrsrfha yevh fukau tajdfha ls%hdldrs;ajh flfryso fmaYs moaO;sh fydoska n,mdhs fmaYs ;ka;=uh wdldrfhka msysgd we;’'

fuu moaO;sh u.ska bgqlrk ldrahhka kus Yrsrhg kshus; yevh

,nd osu " jsjsO wjhjj, ls%hdldrs;ajh ukdj bgq lsrsu " Yrsrh

iDcq nj ,nd osu wia:s yd fmaYs moaO;sh u.ska bgqflfra '

wm uq,skau l;d l< wdydr csraK moaO;shwm .kakd wdydr iy

oshr jra. j, we;s fmdaIl fldgia isrerg Wrdf.k wmf.a

issrerg wjYH Yla;sh ,ndosu

uu fuys fofjkqjg igyka lrk ,o Yajik moaO;sh usksiqkag jf.au

Ydl yd i;=kago wdYajdi yd m%dYajdi lsrsug b;du;a jeo.;a

moaO;shls

isrer ;=< ØjH mrsjykh isÿlsrsug reOsr ixirK moaO;shg

yelsh tu ksid fuu moaO;sho b;du;a wisrsu;a fohls

fuys ;j;a wisrsu;a ckl moaO;shla ;ud nysid%js moaO;sho

b;du;a jeo.;a moaO;shls

wmg l=ula fyda lsrsug wmg oekqus osu '

uu wka;sug igyka lrk ,o wia:s yd fmaYs moaO;sh

p,k ls%hdldrlusj,g Wojs lsrsu fuu moaO;s u.ska bgqflfra'

fuu mdvu uu ksulsrsfusoss ug b;du;a md%fhdackj;a oekqus

iusNdrhla ,enqKs '

mska;=r lreKq Encarta u.ska fi!LHh yd Ydrsrsl

wOHdmkh 7 fYa%Kshwka;racd,h u.ska

9 fYa%Ksfha jsoHdj yd ;dlaIKfjsoh