Krok 1 - 2008 Question Paper (Pharmacy)

Krok 1 Pharmacy 2008 1

1. Generation of primary urine in ki-dneys is induced by filtration in renalcorpuscles. What components of bloodplasma are absent in the primary urine?

A. ProteinsB. Amino acidsC. GlucoseD. UreaE. Ions

2. Microscopical examination of pri-mary cortex of a root in its absorptionzone revealed that it consisted mainly ofmultilayer living loose parenchyma withamyloid granules. It is called:

A. MesodermB. EndodermC. ExodermD. CollenchymeE. Phellogene

3. Morphological analysis of aninflorescence revealed that its flowerswere attached to the same axis at di-fferent levels but due to different lengthof peduncle they grew in the same plane.Such inflorescence is called:

A. CorymbB. AnthodiumC. GlomusD. UmbelE. Spike

4. A patient has high concentration ofchylomicrons in blood, especially aftertaking fatty food. He has also type Ihyperlipoproteinemia that resulted fromdeficiency of the following enzyme:

A. Lipoprotein lipaseB. Adenylate cyclaseC. Protein kinaseD. Phospholipase CE. Prostaglandin synthetase

5. A chemist in analytical laboratoryneeds to standardize solution of sodiumhydroxide. What primary standard soluti-on can be applied for this purpose?

A. Oxalic acidB. Acetate acidC. Chloride acidD. Sodium tatraborateE. Sodium chloride

6. A female patient suffers fromchronic glomerulonephritis. Urineanalysis revealed proteinuria, hematuria,leukocyturia. Proteinuria indicates di-

sturbance of the following process in ki-dneys:

A. Glomerular filtrationB. Tubular secretionC. Tubular reabsorptionD. Tubular secretion and reabsorptionE. Renal blood flow

7. What reagent should be chosen in orderto detect presence of Ca2+ cation in asolution?

A. (NH4)2C2O4

B. HClC. HNO3

D. KClE. NaBr

8. Particles of dispersed phase of anemulsion are deformed and look aspolyhedrons. What emulsion is it?

A. High-concentratedB. ConcentratedC. DilutedD. Oil-in waterE. Water-in-oil

9. A patient has neurasthenic syndrome,diarrhea, dermatitis. This is associated wi-th deficiency of the following vitamin:

A. Nicotinic acidB. Vitamin KC. Vitamin DD. Folic acidE. Vitamin B12

10. During microbiological inspection ofcrude drugs encapsulated bacteria wererevealed. What method was applied forcapsule detection?

A. Burry-GinsB. Ziehl-NeelsenC. NeisserD. GramE. Ozheshko

11. Pharmaceutical preparations ofprotein hydrolysate are applied forparenteral proteinic feeding. Hydrolysatesare of full value if they contain essentialamino acids. Which of the following ami-no acids relates to the essential ones:

A. MethionineB. CysteineC. AlanineD. SerineE. Glycine

12. An essential oil plant under examinati-


on has tetraquetrous stalk, flowers withbilabiate corolla, coenobium fruit. Thesecharacteristics are typical for the followi-ng family:

A. LamiaceaeB. PapaveraceaeC. PolygonaceaeD. SolanaceaeE. Scrophulariaceae

13. Name a complex compound that hasantitumoral activity:

A. [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]B. [Co(NH3)5NO3]Cl2C. Na4[Sn(OH)3Cl3]D. [Cu(NH3)4(SCN)2]E. K2Na[Co(NO2)6]

14. Solution applied as isotonic soluti-on should have the following osmoticpressure:

A. 700 - 800 kPaB. 200 - 300 kPaC. 300 - 400 kPaD. 500 - 600 kPaE. 900 - 1000 kPa

15. According to Schultze-Hardy rulecoagulating action of coagulant ion isaffected by:

A. Ion chargeB. Ion sizeC. AdsorbabilityD. HydratabilityE. Polarizability

16. What reaction is applied for detectionof Fe3+ cation?

A. ComplexingB. PrecipitationC. HydrolysisD. NeutralizationE. Reduction

17. Dimethyl glyoxime entered into reacti-on with a solution that contained cati-ons of the IV analytical group (acid-baseclassification). The deposition turned cri-mson. What cation caused this analyticaleffect?

A. Nickel cation (II)B. Mercury cation (II)C. Copper cation (II)D. Cadmium cation (II)E. Cobalt cation (II)

18. Drugs in form of colloid-

disperse systems are widely applied inpharmaceutical practice. What methodof sol production relates to physicalcondensation?

A. Solvent substitutionB. ReductionC. OxidationD. HydrolysisE. Double exchange

19. A child with evident hypotrophy gotedemata on his lower extremities, asci-tes. What is the main mechanism ofpathogenesis of cachectic edema?

A. Drop of oncotic pressure of bloodplasmaB. Rise of hydrostatic blood pressureC. Rise of oncotic pressure of intercellularfluidD. Increased permeability of vascular wallE. Disturbance of lymph outflow

20. A patient has impaired mesopic vision,his photopic vision is normal. What is theprobable cause of such vision anomaly?

A. Vitamin A deficiencyB. HyperopiaC. Cones disfunctionD. MyopiaE. Vitamin D deficiency

21. Thiocyanatometry is based upon usingof secondary standard solution of potassi-um thiocyanate that should be standardi-zed according to the following standardsolution of:

A. Silver nitrateB. Hydrochloric acidC. Sulfuric acidD. Iron (II) sulfateE. Copper (II) nitrate

22. Concentration of potassium di-chromate in a solution was determinedby means of iodometry. Name a titrant ofiodometric method for determination ofstrong oxidizer:

A. Sodium thiosulfateB. Sodium hydroxideC. Potassium iodideD. Potassium permanganateE. Potassium bromate

23. Solution of potassium chromate wasadded to a solution under examination.As a result of it some yellow depositionsettled down. This deposition cannot bedissolved in acetic acid. This means that


the solution under examination containscations of:

A. BariumB. CalciumC. SodiumD. CobaltE. Magnesium

24. Enzyme hyaluronidase breaksdown hyaluronic acid thus increasingintercellular permeability. Which vitaminstrengthens vascular walls and inhibitsactivity of hyaluronidase?

A. PB. AC. B1

D. B2

E. D

25. A patient underwent an operation.After it he was prescribed glycosami-noglycan that has coagulating action.Specify this substance:

A. HeparinB. Keratan sulfateC. Hyaluronic acidD. Chondroitin-6-sulfateE. Chondroitin-4-sulfate

26. Examination of an inflorescence ofsweet flag Acorus calamus L. revealedthat it was encircled with a covering leaf(spathe) and small sessile flowers grewcompactly on the thickened pulpy axis.Such inflorescence is called:

A. EarB. GlomusC. SpikeD. UmbelE. Corymb

27. What substance can act as both oxidantand reducer in oxidation-reduction reacti-ons?

A. SO2

B. SO3

C. CO2

D. PbO2

E. CrO3

28. Quantitative determination ofpharmaceutical substances can be doneby means of acidimetry. Its titrant isthe secondary standard solution ofhydrochloric acid. According to whichcompound the precise concentration ofhydrochloric acid can be determined?

A. Sodium tetraborateB. Oxalic acidC. Potassium dichromateD. Sodium thiosulfateE. Magnesium sulfate

29. For determination of nitrate ions di-phenylamine was added to the soluti-on under examination. The followingchanges were observed:

A. Generation of blue solutionB. Generation of yellow depositionC. Generation of blue depositionD. Generation of brown gasE. Emergence of a typical smell

30. A patient was prescribed a bilepreparation for better digestion of fattyfood. What components of this preparati-on cause fat emulsification?

A. Bile acidsB. Cholesterol and its ethersC. DiglyceridesD. BilirubinglucuronidsE. Bile pigments

31. Antibiotics can be classified accordi-ng to various principles. According to theaction mechanism cephalosporins relateto the following group:

A. Inhibitors of cell wall synthesisB. Inhibitors of protein synthesisC. Inhibitors of respiratory processesD. Inhibitors of oxidative phosphorilationE. Inhibitors of cytoplasmic membranesynthesis

32. Plant pathogenic microorganismsrelate to various groups. Which of themcauses diseases of medicinal plants mostoften?

A. FungiB. VirusesC. BacteriaD. ActinomycetesE. Micoplasma

33. It is known that proteins, fats andcarbohydrates are digested by means ofproteases, lipases and amylases, respecti-vely. Which of digestive juices contains allthese groups of enzymes enough for di-gestion?

A. Pancreatic juiceB. SalivaC. Gastric juiceD. BileE. Juice of large intestine


34. Qualitative reaction for determinati-on of Cr(V I) compounds is originationof chromium oxide-diperoxide that stainsether layer with blue. What is formula ofthis chromium compound?

A. CrO5

B. CrO3

C. Cr2O3

D. CrOE. NaCrO2

35. Concentrated nitric acid and crystalli-ne lead dioxide were added to a solutionunder examination. The solution turnedcrimson. This analytical effect indicatespresence of:

A. Manganese (II)B. Bismuth (III)C. Iron (III)D. Chromium (III)E. Tantum (II)

36. Determination of chlorides inpotable water can be done by means ofmercurymetry. The following solution isused as a titrant:

A. Hg(NO3)2

B. Hg2(NO3)2

C. HgCl2D. HgSO4

E. Hg2Cl2

37. What reagent enables detection ofphenolic hydroxyl?

A. FeCl3B. Ag(NH3)2OHC. NaNO2 (HCl)D. Cu(OH)2

E. -

38. It is required to diminish pump functi-on of patient’s heart. This can be doneby means of blockers of the followingmembrane cytoreceptors:

A. β-adrenoreceptorsB. Nicotinic cholinoreceptorsC. Muscarinic cholinoreceptorsD. α-adrenoreceptorsE. Dopamine receptors

39. Under conditions of high exteriortemperature a ventilating fan can relievestaying in the premises because it intesifi-es heat emission by means of:

A. ConvectionB. Liquid evaporationC. Heat radiationD. Heat conductionE. Heat radiation and conduction

40. Under conditions of high exteriortemperature and dry climate heat emissi-on will become more intense by means of:

A. EvaporationB. RadiationC. ConvectionD. ConductionE. -

41. During an exam a student got higharterial pressure and palpitation. What istthe probable cause of this phenomenon?

A. Increased tonus of sympathetic nervoussystemB. Low excitability threshold of α and βadrenoreceptorsC. Increased volume of circulating bloodD. Decreased tonus of parasympatheticnervous systemE. Secretion of glucocorticoids

42. During preventive examination of apatient a doctor revealed considerableweakening of patellar-tendon reflex. Whatpart of CNS might be affected?

A. Spinal cordB. MetencephalonC. MesencephalonD. ThalamencephalonE. Cerebellum

43. Gluconeogenesis plays an importantpart in maintaining normal glucose rate inblood during starvation. Name the mainsubstrate of this process:

A. Amino acidsB. CholesterolC. Nucleic acidsD. Bile acidsE. Acetone

44. A 40 year old woman has been sufferi-ng from profuse uterine bleedings fora long time. Blood count: Нb- 90 g/l,erythrocytes - 3, 9·1012/l, colour index - 0,6.What is the main cause of hypochromicanemia?

A. Iron loss with bloodB. Increased consumption of ironC. Nonassimilability of ironD. Deficiency of vitamin B12

E. Insufficient iron content in food ration


45. During sanitary and bacteriologicalexamination of air in a drugstore it wasrevealed that the air had high concentrati-on of sanitary meaningful microorgani-sms. What microorganisms are these?

A. Staphylococcus aureus and hemolyticstreptococcusB. Diphtheritic and tuberculous bacilliC. Colibacilli and blue pus bacilliD. Epidermal staphylococcus and SarcinaE. Enterococci and Citrobacter

46. Steroid hormones are synthesi-zed out of a precursor that contai-ns cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene.Name this precursor:

A. CholesterolB. Acetyl-CoAC. Malonyl-CoAD. Levulinic acidE. Tyrosine

47. In the pharmaceutical productionprocesses of drug synthesis take placeunder different conditions. Entropy staysunchanged in the following process:

A. AdiabaticB. IsothermalC. IsochoricD. IsobaricE. Polytropic

48. Pulp of a needle leaf consists of livingtissue with inner ansiform protuberancesof membrane and chloroplasts alongthem. What is type of this leaf’sparenchyma?

A. PlicateB. SpongioidC. PalisadeD. StorageE. Aeriferous

49. A patient suffering from gastric ulcerfor a long time has dramatic emaciation,skin pallor, appetite loss, aversion to meatproducts. Biopsy of mucous membraneof stomach revealed cellular atypia. Whatpathology are these symptoms typical for?

A. Malignant tumour of stomachB. Benign tumour of stomachC. PolyposisD. Hypertrophic gastritisE. Helminthic invasion

50. A patient had cerebral haemorrhagethat made impossible active motions ofleft arm and leg. Muscle tone of these

limbs is increased, their spinal reflexesare intensified, reflex zones are increased.What type of CNS disorder is it?

A. Central paralysisB. Peripheral paralysisC. Spinal shockD. Atonic paralysisE. Reflex paralysis

51. Bacteriological control of unsteriledrugs allows presence of small quantity ofsome microorganism groups. What groupis meant?

A. SarcinaB. Colon bacillusC. Bacillus pynocyaneusD. Staphylococcus aureusE. Hemolytic streptococcus

52. As a result of reduced waterreabsorption in nephron tubules daily di-uresis of a patient has increased up to 10litres. This might be caused by reducedsecretion of the following hormone:

A. VasopressinB. AldosteroneC. ParathormoneD. ThyrocalcitoninE. Insulin

53. A product of complete acetylation ofglycerine relates to the following class oforganic compounds:

A. EsterB. EtherC. KetoneD. AcetalE. Phenol

54. Name a product of ester condensationof acetaldehyde (Tishchenko reaction):

A. Ethyl acetateB. AcetoneC. Crotonic aldehydeD. Malonic acidE. Acetoacetic aldehyde

55. Water-soluble vitamins take coenzymeform in an organism. Thiamine di-phosphate is coenzyme of the followingvitamin:


A. B1

B. B2

C. CD. B6

E. B12

56. Excess of ammonia was added to asolution under examination. The solutionturned bright blue. This indicates presenceof the following ions:

A. CopperB. SilverC. LeadD. BismuthE. Mercury (II)

57. One of the examined soft fruits ischaracterized by essential-oil exocarp,spongioid mesocarp and overgrownendocarp that consists of juice saccules.What fruit was under examination?

A. HesperidiumB. PepoC. MulticoccusD. DrupeE. Bacca

58. Determination of sodium and potassi-um chlorides in pharmaceuticals can bedone by means of:

A. Argentometry, Mohr methodB. Reduction-oxidation titrationC. AlkalimetryD. AcidimetryE. Chelatometry

59. Diluted solution of hydrochloric acidwas added to a solution under exami-nation. This resulted in origin of whitecaseous deposition. This is the evidenceof presence of following ions:

A. SilverB. AmmoniumC. Iron (II)D. BariumE. Iodine

60. What reagent helps to distinguishglycerine from ethanol?

A. Cu(OH)2

B. SOCl2C. HNO3 (concentrated), in presence ofH2SO4 (concentrated)D. PCl3E. PCl5

61. A solution under examinationwas added to the solution of FeSO4

in presence of concentrated H2SO4.

Generation of a brown ring indicatespresence of:

A. Nitrate ionsB. Acetate ionsC. Carbonate ionsD. Oxalate ionsE. Phosphate ions

62. What disorders are possible as a resultof thyroid insufficiency during infancy?

A. CretinismB. NanismC. GigantismD. Basedow’s diseaseE. Itsenko-Cushing syndrome

63. A patient suffers from jaundi-ce. Examination revealed that bloodplasm had high concentration of indirectreacting (free) bilirubin, feces and uri-ne had high concentration of stercobi-lin, concentration of direct reacting(conjugated) bilirubin was normal. Whattype of jaundice is it?

A. HemolyticB. Neonatal jaundiceC. ParenchymatousD. Gilbert’s diseaseE. Obstructive

64. Which of the following cycliccompounds relates to the carbocyclicones:

A. BenzolB. FuranC. TetrahydrofuranD. PyridineE. Hexane

65. Ring-opening addition reactions aretypical for the following cycloalkane:

A. CyclopropaneB. CyclohexaneC. CyclopentaneD. MethylcyclopentaneE. Cyclodecane

66. Bromination proceeds with generationof tribromoderivative in presence of thefollowing substituent X:


A. Х = OHB. Х = COOHC. Х = NO2

D. Х = CHOE. Х = SO3H

67. It is known that rhizome and roots ofInula helenium have cavities without disti-ncts inner boundaries filled with essentialoils. They are called:

A. Lysigenous receptaclesB. Schizogenous receptaclesC. Resin ductsD. Segmented lacticifersE. Nonsegmented lacticifers

68. Gastric juice of a patient has decreasedconcentration of enzymes. What secretorycells of stomach display disfunction?

A. Chief cells of glandsB. Parietal cells of glandsC. Gland mucocytesD. Cells of tegumental epitheliumE. G-cells

69. On the root section of Helianthusannuus a secondary fascicular structurewas found. This means that the sectionwas made in the zone of:

A. Fixation and conductionB. Growth and distensionC. AbsorptionD. Dividing cellsE. Root cap (pileorhiza)

70. Fatty food is digested by means ofseveral digestive juices. Which of themenables fat emulsification?

A. BileB. SalivaC. Intestinal juiceD. Gastric juiceE. Pancreatic juice

71. Pharmacological effect of enterosgel(hydrogel of methylosilicic acid) is basedupon the following phenomenon that istypical for disperse systems:

A. AdsorptionB. AdhesionC. CohesionD. MoisteningE. Desorption

72. Yield of medical products canbe enhanced by proper choice oftemperature conditions during their

production. What equation determinesdependence of equilibrium constant fromthe temperature under constant pressure?

A. Isobaric lines of chemical reactionB. Isotherms of chemical reactionC. Kirchhoff equationD. Isochores of chemical reactionE. Gibbs-Helmholtz equation

73. A herbaceous plant under exami-nation has segmented lacticifers withanastomoses filled with white latex. Thisis typical for:

A. Taraxacum officinaleB. Urtica dioicaC. Chelidonium majusD. Anethum graveolensE. Thymus vulgaris

74. What compound will be produced as aresult of interaction of aniline with nitriteacid?

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.


75. A few minutes afer repeatedintroduction of penicillin a patient gotdyspnea, tongue numbness, hyperemiaand then skin pallor. The patient also lostconsciousness. What is the cause of such agrave condition?

A. Anaphylactic shockB. Serum sicknessC. Hemolytic anemiaD. Acute glomerulonephritisE. Bronchial asthma

76. Cations of the third analytical group(acid-base classification) can be isolatedin course of systematic analysis by meansof the following group reagent:

A. 1 M solution of sulfate acid in presenceof ethanolB. 1 M solution of potassium chromateC. 0,1 M solution of sodium carbonateD. 0,1 M solution of ammonium oxalateE. 1 M solution of ammonium carbonate

77. Solution of potassium iodide wasadded to the solution acidated with sulfateacid that contained anions of the thirdanalytical group. Release of free iodineis observed. What anion are present in thesolution?

A. Nitrite ionB. Carbonate ionC. Sulfate ionD. Bromide ionsE. Acetate ions

78. During gravimetric determinationof mass fraction of sulfate ions in themagnesium sulfate preparation precipi-tation is performed by means of bari-um chloride solution. Precipitated bariumsulfate should be rinsed with:

A. Diluted solution of sulfate acidB. Distilled waterC. Solution of barium chlorideD. Solution of sodium sulfateE. Solution of hydrochloride acid

79. A patient has bradycardia, moderatehypotension, decrease of basal metaboli-sm, edemata. What abnormality caninduce such syndrome?

A. Thyroid hypofunctionB. Parathyroid hypofunctionC. Thyroid hyperfunctionD. Parathyroid hyperfunctionE. Adrenal hypofunction

80. A patient suffering from chronic

cardiac insufficiency has got soft ti-ssue edemata on his shins. What is theleading pathogenetic factor of edemadevelopment?

A. Rise of hydrostatic pressure in capillari-esB. Drop of osmotic pressure in bloodplasmaC. Rise of oncotic pressure in tissuesD. Drop of hydrostatic pressure in capi-llariesE. Rise of osmotic pressure in tissues

81. It is known that depending on pHof cellular fluid petal coloration can varyfrom blue-and-violet to pink and light pi-nk. This is caused by presence of:

A. AnthocyaninsB. CarotinsC. XanthophyllsD. PhycobilinsE. Chlorophylls

82. Which of the following plants haspome fruit?

A. Sorbus aucupariaB. Prunus domestica L.C. Amygdalus communisD. Rosa majalisE. Prunus padus

83. Bacteriological examination forbacteria carrying of drugstore workersrevealed that one of the pharmacistshad bacteria of genus Staphylococcus.What morphological pecularities of mi-crobal cell arrangement are typical for thisgenus?

A. They are arranged in form of bunch ofgrapesB. They are arranged in form of a chainC. They are arranged isolatedlyD. They are arranged in pairsE. They are arranged in tetrads

84. Crude herbal drugs must be examinedfor yeastlike fungi. What agar can ensuredevelopment of these microorganisms sothat associating microflora will grow veryslowly or won’t grow at all?

A. Sabouraud’s peptone agarB. Endo agarC. Meat infusion agarD. Milk-salt agarE. Blood agar

85. A patient took maximally deep breath.Air volume being in lungs under these


conditions is called:

A. Total lung capacityB. Vital lung capacityC. Tidal volumeD. Residual volumeE. Inspiratory reserve volume

86. Choose a reagent that can be used forproduction of propanol−2 out of acetone:

A. H2

B. CH3OHC. CH3ID. HCNE. HCOH

87. What reagent enables differentiationof the following pair of compounds?

A. Foelling’s reagentB. NaHSO3

C. NH2 − NHC6H5

D. HCNE. H2N − OH

88. Stable contraction of myofibrillaof muscle fibers takes place due toaccumulation of the following ions in thecytoplasm:

A. CalciumB. PotassiumC. SodiumD. MagnesiumE. Hydrogen

89. For production of phenol ether it isnecessary to cause reaction of sodiumphenoxide with:

A. CH3ClB. CH3OHC. CH4

D. CH3NH2

E. CH3C ≡ N

90. Examination of air state in drugstorepremises for preparation of injectiondrugs was done by method of sedimentati-

on. It revealed 5 small roundish coloni-es with zone of hemolysis around them.Inoculations were made on the followingcultural medium:

A. Blood agarB. Endo agarC. Meat infusion agarD. Egg yolk and salt agarE. Lewin’s agar

91. Which of the following solutions ofthe same molality has the highest boilingtemperature?

A. Al2(SO4)3 solutionB. K3[Fe(CN)6] solutionC. Saccharose solutionD. CaCl2 solutionE. NaCl solution

92. During bacteriological analysis ofsolutions prepared in a pharmacy somered colonies with metallic glitter havegrown on Endo agar. What microbes wererevealed?

A. EscherichiaB. ShigellaC. StaphylococciD. StreptococciE. Salmonella

93. Most technological processed inpharmaceutics run in heterogenoussystems. How many phases has an eutecticcomposition under eutectic temperatureof two-component system?

A. 3B. 2C. 5D. 4E. 1

94. Micelle solutions of surfactants areapplied in pharmaceutical production asstabilizers and solubilizers. What soluti-on of colloidal surfactants will have thegreatest value of critical concentration ofmicelle formation?

A. C9H19SO3NaB. C14H29SO3NaC. C16H33SO3NaD. C12H25SO3NaE. C10H21SO3Na

95. Pharmaceutic preparation collargol isa colloid silver solution containing a high-molecular compound. What is the functi-on of this compound?


A. It enhances aggregative stabilityB. It induces coagulationC. It facilitates sedimentationD. It reduces aggregative stabilityE. It increases dispersion degree

96. Which of the following reactions isaddition reaction?

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

97. Choose the most stable complex ionon the ground of values of instabilityconstants:

A. [Fe(CN)6]3− Kн = 1 · 10−31

B. [Ag(CN)2]− Kн = 1 · 10−21

C. [Ag(NH3)2]+ Kн = 5, 89 · 10−8

D. [Ni(CN)4]2− Kн = 1 · 10−22

E. [Co(NH3)6]2+ Kн = 4, 07 · 10−5

98. Change of acid-base properties in thecompounds MnO → MnO2 → Mn2O7

answers to the following regularity:

A. Acidic properties become strongerB. Basic properties become strongerC. Acid-base properties stay unchangedD. Acidic properties diminishE. -

99. A 38 year old patient had hepatitis butdidn’t give up alcohol. There appearedsymptoms of hepatocirrhosis along withascites and edemata of his lower limbs.What changes in blood are main factor of

edemata development?

A. HypoalbuminemiaB. HypoglobulinemiaC. HypocholesterolemiaD. HypokalemiaE. Hypoglycemia

100. Apical bud of a sprout stops itsdevelopment early and growth is realizeddue to two lateral buds placed oppositeone another under the apex. Such ramifi-cation is called:

A. PseudodichotomicB. EquidichotomicC. MonopodialD. NonequidichotomicE. Bush

101. Choose a diazonium salt among thegiven compounds:

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

102. Introduction of glucocorticoi-ds induces strengthening of glucoseconcentration in blood. Which of thefollowing processes will be activated inliver?


A. GluconeogenesisB. GlycogenolysisC. Oxidation of fatty acidsD. KetogenesisE. Glycolysis

103. An electrode composed by schemeAu3+ | Au relates to the following type:

A. I type electrodesB. II type electrodesC. III type electrodesD. Oxidation-reduction electrodesE. Ion-selective electrodes

104. You need to prepare ammoniacbuffer solution. For this purpose youshould add the following solution to thewater solution of ammonia:

A. Solution of ammonium chlorideB. Solution of chloride acidC. Solution of sulfate acidD. Solution of potassium chlorideE. Solution of sodium sulfate

105. Alkadiene is a name for aliphaticcarbohydrates with double bonds. Choosea general formula for homologous seriesof alkadienes:

A. CnH2n−2

B. CnH2n+2

C. CnH2n

D. CnH2n+1E. CnH2n−1

106. Urea is a derivative of carbonic acid.Choose a denomination of urea:

A. Diamide of carbonic acidB. Monoamide of carbonic acidC. Ethylic ether of carbamic acidD. Diethylic ether of carbonic acidE. Dimethylic ether of carbonic acid

107. Choose a pair of substances thatcan be used for standardization of 0,1 Msolution of KMnO4:

A. Na2C2O4, H2C2O4

B. K2CO3, CH3COOHC. CH3COOK, H2C2O4

D. KHC2O4, HCOOHE. Na2C2O4, CH3COOH

108. A patient complains about gingivalhaemorrhage, petechial haemorrhages.What vitamin preparation should berecommended?

A. AscorutinumB. Thiamine hydrochlorideC. CyanocobalaminD. Nicotinic acidE. Pyridoxine hydrochloride

109. What form of hypoxia develops duri-ng shock and collapse?

A. CirculatoryB. RespiratoryC. HypoxicD. HemicE. Tissue

110. Employees of a physicochemicallaboratory prepared water solutions ofurea, glucose, sodium sulfate, aluminiumsulfate and sodium benzoate all of whichhad the same molar concentration. Whatsolution has the highest osmotic pressureunder 298oK?

A. Aluminium sulfateB. UreaC. GlucoseD. Sodium benzoateE. Sodium sulfate

111. Potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7 isapplied as oxidant in acidic medium. Whatis the product of reduction of dichromate-ion Cr2O

2−7 under these conditions?

A. Cr3+

B. Cr(OH)3

C. Cr(OH)2

D. [Cr(OH)6]3−

E. Cr2O3

112. Blood analysis revealed rise of acti-vity of LDH1, LDH2, aspartate ami-notransferase, kreatine phosphokinase-MB. Biochemical disorder is observed inthe following organ:

A. HeartB. Skeletal musclesC. KidneysD. LiverE. Pancreas

113. Limited swelling of gelatine comes tounlimited one (solution formation) underthe following conditions:

A. HeatingB. CoolingC. In presence of SO2�

4 ionsD. In presence of Cl� ionsE. If pH medium matches with isoelectricpoint


114. What compound will be producedduring reduction of methyl ethyl ketone?

A. secondary-butyl alcoholB. Butanol-1C. Isobutyl alcoholD. tertiary-butyl alcoholE. Propanol-2

115. A female patient has been treated wi-th antibiotics for a long time. Thereafterexamination of smears form vaginalsecretion revealed oval cells with well-defined nucleus, some cells gemmate.What preparations can help to confirmthe diagnosis "candidosis"?

A. AntifungalB. AntibacterialC. AntichlamydialD. AntiviralE. Antiprotozoal

116. One of mass production drugs isproduced by inactivation of bacterialexotoxin by formalin. What is this drugfor?

A. For active immunizationB. For serodiagnostic assayC. For passive immunizationD. For toxinemia treatmentE. For immunocorrection

117. Digestion of proteins in the digesti-ve tract is a complex process of theirhydrolysis till peptides and free amino aci-ds. What enzymes decompose proteins inthe duodenum?

A. Trypsin, chemotrypsinB. Enterokinase, lipaseC. Amylase, maltaseD. Pepsin, gastricsinE. Lipase, phospholipase

118. Permanganatometry eneblesdetermination of H2O2 in high-aciditymedium. What acid can be used forproduction of such medium?

A. H2SO4

B. HClC. HNO3

D. CH3COOHE. H3PO4

119. You are given 0,05 M solution ofversene. What is standard substance forstandardization of this solution?

A. Metallic zincB. Sodium tetraborateC. Sodium hydroxideD. Oxalic acidE. Potassium dichromate

120. A 56 year old patient complainsabout limitation of movements and painin hand joints, mainly at night. Objecti-vely: there is a disfiguring painful swellingof affected joints. Blood and urine havehigh concentration of uric acid. What di-sease has developed?

A. GoutB. PellagraC. PhenylketonuriaD. AlkaptonuriaE. Tyrosinosis

121. Electronic microscopy of a cellrevealed mitochondrial destruction. Whatprocesses are disturbed?

A. ATP synthesisB. Protein biosynthesisC. GlycolysisD. Synthesis of nucleic acidsE. Fat synthesis

122. What changes will be observed inthe isolated heart after introduction ofadrenaline into perfusion solution?

A. Heart rate riseB. Heart rate fallC. Heart force fallD. Conduction reductionE. Excitability reduction

123. Analytical indication of effect ofpotassium iodide solution upon unstai-ned oxidizing anions in presence ofchloroform is:

A. Brown stain of free iodineB. Settling down of white depositionC. Change of aggregate stateD. Emission of gas bubblesE. Origination of deposition and its soluti-on in reagent excess

124. Benzoic acid enters into benzene ringreaction with the following reagent:


A. HNO3 (k) + H2SO4 (k)B. NaOHC. PCl3D. NH3 : tE. P2O5

125. A patient diagnosed with botuli-sm was admitted to the infectious di-sease hospital. What medication shouldbe applied in the first place?

A. Antitoxic serumB. AnatoxinC. AntibioticsD. SulfanilamidesE. Nitrofurans

126. Inoculation of hen’s embryos is themain method of detection of influenzavirus. In order to neutralize associatedbacterial flora in the material underexamination (nasopharyngeal lavage) itis necessary to add beforehand:

A. AntibioticsB. EubioticsC. Fluorescent serumD. Leukocytic interferonE. Ant-influenza gamma globulin

127. Interaction of lactic acid with SOCl2excess will result in generation of thefollowing compound:

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

128. A patient 42 year old sufferi-ng from chronic calculous cholecysti-tis complains about acute pain inthe right subcostal area, itching andskin icteritiousness, multiple petechi-al haemorrhages, saponified and light-coloured feces (steatorrhea). What typeof icterus is it?

A. MechanicB. HemolyticC. ParenchymatousD. CythemolyticE. Hepatocellular

129. Positive sol of iron hydroxide wasgenerated by method of hydrolysis. Whatcoagulating ion will have the lowestcoagulation threshold?

A. PhosphateB. SulfateC. ChlorideD. NitrateE. Bromide

130. In pharmaceutical synthesis both si-mple and complex reactions are applied.Specify the order of the simple reaction oftype 2A + B = 3D:


A. 3B. 2C. 1D. 0E. 0,5

131. In order to determine CO2 in air thefollowing substance can be applied:

A. Water solution Ca(OH)2

B. Water solution NaOHC. CaOD. Fe(OH)2

E. Crystalline NaOH

132. Anatomico-histochemical analysisof a petiole revealed living parenchymacells with cellulose, angular thickenedmembranes under the epiderm and abovethe fascicle. This is typical for:

A. Angular collenchymaB. Spongy perenchymaC. Lamellar collenchymeD. Lacunar collenchymeE. Bast fibers

133. A compound undeer examinationcontains cations of iron (III) and copper(II). What group reagent can separatethese cations?

A. Concentrated ammonia solutionB. Solution of sodium hydroxide andhydrogen peroxideC. Concentrated solution of hydrochlorideacidD. Solution of sodium hydroxideE. Concentrated solution of sulfuric acid

134. Heme (a constituent part ofhemoglobin) is a complex iron compound.It relates to the following type of complexcompounds:

A. Chelate complexB. AcidocomplexC. AquacomplexD. Cationic complexE. Hydroxocomplex

135. Which compound was generated dueto nonpolar covalent type of chemicalbond?

A. H2

B. KClC. NH4ClD. KIE. H2S

136. Patient’s joints are enlarged, looklike thickened disfigured knots. Blood

analysis revealed high concentration ofuric acid and its salts. This state is causedby metabolic disorder of the followingsubstances:

A. PurinesB. PyrimidinesC. PorphyrinesD. CholesterolE. Phospholipids

137. Albinism is characterized by lackingformation of melanin in an organism. Thisdisease is caused by metabolic disorder ofthe following amino acid:

A. PhenylalanineB. MethionineC. AlanineD. GlutargineE. Asparagine

138. A boy is 4 year old. Glucoseconcentration in blood plasma is 12 milli-mole/l. This might be caused by deficiencyof the following hormone:

A. InsulinB. GlucagonC. CortisolD. SomatotropinE. Adrenocorticotropin

139. You have to carry out a qualitati-ve analysis. What substance will originatefrom chromium ions under the influenceof group reagent excess (solution of sodi-um hydroxide) upon cations of the IVanalytical group?

A. Sodium hexahydroxochromate (III)B. Chromium (III) hydroxideC. Chromium (III) oxideD. Chromium (II) hydroxideE. Chromium (II) oxide

140. Which of the given bases is a weakelectrolyte?

A. Mg(OH)2

B. Ca(OH)2

C. Ba(OH)2

D. NaOHE. KOH

141. During study of pharmaceuticalsubstances pH rate can be determi-ned by method of potentiometry. Whatelectrode can be used as an indicator duri-ng measuring of pH solution?


A. GlassB. CopperC. Silver-chlorideD. CalomelE. Zinc

142. A 40 year old patient complainsabout general weakness, headache, bodytemperature rise, cough with sputum,dyspnea. After examination his illness wasdiagnosed as focal pneumonia. What typeof hypoxia is observed?

A. RespiratoryB. CirculatoryC. HemicD. TissueE. Hypoxic

143. If concentrated HNO3 interreacts wi-th copper, it can be reduced to the followi-ng compound:

A. NO2

B. NOC. N2OD. N2

E. NH4NO3

144. The given reaction is called:

A. AcylationB. EsterificationC. AdditionD. RemovalE. Regrouping

145. A 58 year old patient complainedabout persistent rise of arterial pressure.Clinical examination revealed chronicrenal disease accompanied by disturbanceof renal blood flow. Rise of arterialpressure was induced by activation of thefollowing regulatory system:

A. Renin-angiotensinB. Parasympathetic nervousC. Sympathetic nervousD. SympathoadrenalE. Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal

146. All the undermentioned water soluti-

ons of pharmaceutical substances havemolal concentration of 0,1 mole/kg. Whi-ch solution has the maximal boiling-pointelevation?

A. Sodium acetateB. GlucoseC. Nicotinic acidD. EthanolE. Ascorbic acid

147. Thyroid hormones are derivatives ofamino acids. What amino acid underliesthe structure of these hormones?

A. TyrosineB. ProlineC. TryptophanD. SerineE. Glutamine

148. Which of the following sterilizati-on methods ensures total death of mi-croorganisms and their spores during one-time thermal processing of an object?

A. AutoclavingB. BoilingC. TyndallizationD. PasteurizationE. -

149. Manganese and chlorine demonstratethe most similar properties when theyhave the following oxidation number:

A. +7B. +3C. 0D. +4E. +2

150. Choose a generalized reaction thatwill help to reveal an amino group in thefollowing compounds:

A. Isonitrile assayB. DiazotizationC. Azo dye generationD. AlkylationE. Acylation

151. 150 ml of meat broth was introducedinto the gastric cavity of an experimentaldog through the feeding tube. This willresult in rapid rise of concentration of thefollowing hormone in the animal’s blood:


A. GastrinB. Vasointestinal polypeptideC. NeurotensinD. SomatostatinE. Insulin

152. What denomination corresponds wi-th the given formula?

A. Benzo [b] pyridineB. Benzo [b] pyrone-4C. ImidoazopyrimidineD. PyrazinopyrimidineE. Benzothiazole

153. According to the IUPACnomenclature the given compound hasthe following denomination:

A. 1, 2, 3 − propanetriolB. 1 − propanolC. 2 − propanolD. 1 − propanethiolE. 1, 2 − propanediol

154. A 13 year old child complainsabout poor appetite, pain in the rightsubcostal area. Microscopical examinati-on of duodenal contents revealed bigpyriform cells with two nuclei. What mi-croorganism was revealed?

A. LambliaB. TrichomonadC. AmoebaD. TrypanosomaE. Toxoplasma

155. Systems relate to colloid-disperseones if size of their particles is within thefollowing range:

A. 10−9 – 10−7 mB. 10−7 – 10−4 mC. > 10−4 mD. ≶ 10−9 mE. 10−9 – 10−4 m

156. 0,1 M solution of the following acidhas the highest concentration of hydrogenions:

A. HClB. HCNC. H2CO3

D. CH3COOHE. H2SO3

157. What is oxidation number of thecentral atom in the compound H [AuCl4]?

A. +3B. 0C. +1D. +2E. +4

158. A child got burn on his hand causedby hot water. Burn skin is bright red. Whatdisturbance of local blood circulation is it?

A. Arterial hyperemiaB. Venous hyperemiaC. StasisD. ThrombosisE. Embolism

159. A plantation of medicinal plants wasaffected by a disease that caused yellowspots and necrotic areas on leaves. Jui-ce of affected plants remains infectiouseven after bacterial filtration but after itsinoculation on cultural medium growth ofcausative agent wasn’t observed. Causati-ve agent of this disease relates mostprobably to the following group of plantpathogenic microorganisms:

A. VirusesB. FungiC. ActinomycetesD. BacteriaE. Mycoplasma

160. It is known that a peroral drug contai-ns over 1 billion of living microbal cellsper 1 millilitre. Nonetheless the drug wasaccepted as applicable. What drug groupdoes it relate to?

A. EubioticsB. AntibioticsC. VitaminsD. SulfanilamidesE. Immunostimulants

161. Microscopical examination of a leafrevealed water stomata on its serration.These stomata are for exudation of liquid-drop moisture. This process is called:


A. GuttationB. Gas exchangeC. Internal secretionD. TranspirationE. Photosynthesis

162. A man has symptoms of cardi-ovascular atherosclerosis. The mostprobable characteristic of this state willbe growth of the following biochemicalvalue:

A. Concentration of low-density li-poproteinsB. Concentration of high-density li-poproteinsC. Concentration of chylomicronsD. LDH5 activityE. Activity of pancreatic lipase

163. Presence of the following ion of d-elements in solutions can be exploited bymeans of K4[Fe(CN)6]:

A. Fe3+

B. Zn2+

C. Cr3+

D. Ni2+

E. Cu2+

164. Sol is one of drug forms. Whathappens if sols are fused with oppositelycharged granules?

A. Mutual coagulationB. ThixotropyC. SedimentationD. ContractionE. Lyophilization

165. A patient has obstructive respiratoryfailure. Name a disease that is usuallyaccompanied by such type of respiratoryfailure:

A. Bronchial asthmaB. PneumoniaC. Exudative pleuritisD. PneumoconiosisE. Pneumothorax

166. A patient is 54 year old. After intenseemotional stress he felt strong pain behi-nd his breastbone irradiating to his leftarm and left part of his neck. He felt alsodeath anxiety and broke into a cold sweat.Nitroglycerine relieved pain. Name a di-sturbamce of local blood circulation inheart that has developed in this case:

A. IschemiaB. ThrombosisC. EmbolismD. Arterial hyperemiaE. Venous hyperemia

167. Choose an appropriate indicator forfixation of titration end point in methodof bromatometry:

A. Methyl redB. PhenolphthaleinC. StarchD. Methyl blueE. Tropeolin 00

168. Decarboxylation of 5-hydroxytryptophanegives origin to a certain biogenic ami-ne with vasoconstrictive action. What bi-ogenic amine is it?

A. SerotoninB. HistamineC. Gamma-aminobutyric acidcD. PutrescineE. Cadaverine

169. An annual plant of the Asteraceaefamily has tripartite leaves, apicalanthodia with tubular flowers, flatachenocarps that are tenent due to 2-3bristly serratures. This plant is:

A. Bidens tripartitaB. Chamomilia recutitaC. Centaurea cyanusD. Echinacea purpureaE. Artemisia vulgaris

170. Crop production includes cultivationof medicinal essential oil plants that don’tgrow in Ukraine wildely, namely Menthapiperita, Ortosiphon stamineus, and also:

A. Salvia officinalisB. Origanum vulgareC. Leonurus cardiacaD. Thymus serpyllumE. Leonurus quinquelobatus

171. A patient was admitted to the infecti-ous department of a hospital. His provisi-onal diagnosis was "acute gastroenteritis".Inoculation of feces on bismuth-sulfiteagar induced growth of black colonies wi-th metallic glitter. What microorganismsshould you think of?

A. SalmonellaeB. EscherichiaC. ShigellaD. YersiniaE. Brucella


172. Potassium permanganate KMnO4 isused in medicine as a bactericidal drug.What chemical properties of KMnO4

determine its bactericidal action?

A. OxidativeB. AcidicC. BasicD. ReducingE. Heat-activated dissociability

173. Sodium hydrogen arsenateNa2HAsO4 · 7H2O is applied in medici-ne as general health-improving and tonicdrug. What type of salts does it relate to?

A. Acid saltsB. Neutral saltsC. Basic saltsD. Double saltsE. Mixed salts

174. Oxidation of menthol by potassiumdichromate in sulfuric acid (chrome mi-xture) results in production of:

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

175. Isoelectric point of protein equals8,3. Electrophoretic mobility of proteinmacromolecule will be equal zero if pHvalue is:

A. 8,3B. 7,0C. 11,5D. 2,3E. 4,7

176. A male patient who suffers fromchronic intestinal obstruction has intensi-fied putrefaction of proteins in the colon.What toxic substance originates fromtryptophane in this case?


A. IndoleB. BilirubinC. LactateD. KreatineE. Glucose

177. A patient takes blocker of muscari-nic cholinoreceptors of parasympatheticnerve organ synapses. What changes ofheart activity will be observed?

A. Heart rate riseB. Heart rate and heart force fallC. Heart rate fallD. Heart force fallE. Prolongation of atrioventricular delay

178. Anxious condition can be characteri-zed by reduced salivation and sense ofdry mouth. What mediator is exuded outof nerve terminals innervating salivaryglands?

A. NoradrenalineB. AcetylcholineC. SerotoninD. HistamineE. GABA

179. What mediator provides informati-on transmission from nerve terminationsof motoneurons to the fibers of skeletalmuscles?

A. AcetylcholineB. AdrenalineC. NoradrenalineD. SerotoninE. GABA

180. Bacca fruit is typical for the followingrepresentative of Solanaceae family:

A. Atropa belladonnaB. Hyoscyamus nigerC. Datura stramoniumD. Nicotiana tabacumE. Datura innoxia

181. A male patient has pain in the rightsubcostal area, acholic feces. Decolourati-on of feces is caused by deficiency of:

A. StercobilinB. HemoglobinC. BilirubinD. Bile acidsE. Skatole

182. A patient is 50 years old. Ad a resultof continuous improper feeding he gothypovitaminosis C. Lesion of connecti-ve tissue is caused by low activity of thefollowing enzyme:

A. Proline hydroxylaseB. Alanine aminotransferaseC. Pyruvate carboxylaseD. Tryptophane hydroxylaseE. Glutaminase

183. Low rate of vitamin B6 in the dietaryintake leads to disturbance of proteinmetabolism. What biochemical processesin the patient’s organism will become lessactive?

A. TransaminationB. Reduction-oxidationC. PhosphorilationD. MethylationE. Hydrolysis

184. During blowing up a baloon a boytook maximally deep and prolonged inspi-rations and expirations. Thereafter hefelt slight dizziness. What is the probablecause of this phenomenon?

A. Drop of pCO2 in bloodB. Rise of pCO2 in bloodC. Bronchi constrictionD. Arterial pressure riseE. Drop of pO2 in blood

185. A child has got a burn. Burnt skin ishyperemic, there are small vesicles full oftransparent fluid. What type of fluid is it?

A. Serous exudateB. Hemorrhagic exudateC. Purulent exudateD. TranssudateE. Putrid exudate

186. As a result of reaction of mercuryexcess with diluted nitric acid the followi-ng gas will escape:

A. NOB. NH3

C. N2

D. N2OE. -

187. A biological system (living organism)exchanges material and energy with theenvironment. What system does it relateto?

A. Open, heterogenousB. Isolated, heterogenousC. Closed, homogenousD. Closed, heterogenousE. Open, homogenous

188. A patient has been suffering from di-abetes mellitus for 10 years. He was deli-


vered to a hospital in grave condition.On the 2nd day of treatment his condi-tion grew significantly worse: he lapsedinto a coma, there appeared noisy deepbreathing. Deep inspirations took turnswith forced expirations with assistance ofexpiratory muscles. What form of respi-ration disorder is it?

A. Kussmaul’s respirationB. Stenotic respirationC. TachypneaD. Cheyne-Stokes respirationE. Biot’s respiration

189. What is maximal valency of ni-trogen in consideration of donor-acceptormechanism of covalent bond?

A. 4B. 1C. 2D. 3E. 5

190. What cations added to the solution ofpotassium iodide form orange-red deposi-tion that is soluble in reagent excess andbuilds up a colourless solution?

A. Mercury (II)B. Mercury (I)C. BismuthD. Antimony (V)E. Lead

191. Microscopical examination oftransverse section of a root revealedinvesting tissue consisting of thin-walled,closely joining cells with root fibrilla. Thistissue is called:

A. EpiblemB. Root cap (pileorhiza)C. PeridermD. EndodermE. Epiderm

192. Monopodial inflorescences ofplantain (spike) and maize (ear) have onetrait in common: their flowers are placedon the well-developed principal axis. Thisis typical for the following inflorescences:

A. Simple botrioidB. Complex botrioidC. CymoseD. AggregateE. Thyrsoid

193. A leaf has glumaceous ochrea. Itclasps bottom of internode and is a modi-ficated stipule. This is diagnostic sign of

the following family:

A. PolygonaceaeB. GramineaeC. RosaceaeD. LegumesE. Solanaceae

194. A bacterial cell obtains nutrients bydifferent ways. One of them is the facili-tated diffusion that is realized by speci-al membrane carrier proteins. What arethese proteins called?

A. PermeasesB. LyasesC. OxidoreductasesD. Isomerizing enzymesE. Ligases

195. Name type of bond betweencomplementary bases:

A. Hydrogen bondB. Covalent π-bondC. Ionic bondD. Covalent σ-bondE. Semipolar bond

196. You need to specify a monocarpousone-seeded fruit with hard scleroidendocarp and soft mesocarp. This fruit is:

A. MonodrupeB. LegumeC. SiliqueD. CapsuleE. Bacca

197. One of the herbarium specimens ofmedicinal plants relates to the Asteraceaefamily. This plant is:

A. Arctica lappaB. Atropa belladonnaC. Cassia acutifoliaD. Urtica dioicaE. Rubus idaeus

198. Tritane relates to:


A. Multinuclear arenes with isolatedbenzene cyclesB. Multinuclear arenes with condensatedbenzene cyclesC. Mononuclear arenesD. AlkanesE. Alkenes

199. A drug solution under examinationcontains cations of magnesium (II) andaluminium (III). Which reagent can help

to separate these cations during analysisof this drug?

A. Alkali solutionB. Solution of hydrogen peroxide in acidicmediumC. Solution of silver nitrateD. Ammonia solutionE. Solution of chloride acid

200. What method ensures reliable sterili-zation of biological fluids (sera, solutions,enzymes, vitamines etc.) that can’t standhigh temperatures?

A. TyndallizationB. Dry-heat sterilizationC. Flowing steamD. Moist steam under pressureE. Flaming

Krok 1 - 2008 Question Paper (Pharmacy)

Health & Medicine

Transcript of Krok 1 - 2008 Question Paper (Pharmacy)