Korea Marine Energy Status & Research Activities in...

ENERGY TECH INSIGHT 2014

28-29 AUGUST 2014, COEX INTERCONTINENTAL HOTEL

Korea Marine Energy Status & Research Activities in KMOU

(Korea-UK Collaboration)

YOUNG-HO LEE(), Prof., Ph.D. Div. of Mechanical & Energy System Engineering, Korea Maritime & Ocean Univ.(KMOU) [email protected]

TOPICS

UK-KOREA NETWORKINGS

ENERGY STATISTICS & POLICY IN KOREA

TIDAL BARAGE

WAVE ENERGY R&Ds

OFF-SHORE NEW ESS(ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM)

CONCLUSION & SUGGESTION

UK-KOREA NETWORKINGS

2007 ALL ENERGY & Edinburgh Univ. Wave Tank & EMEC Visit

2009 EMEC & OYSTER Wave Site Visit

2013 NAREC & Oxford , Plymouth Univ. Visit(by UK Embassy Project)

2005 Aberdeen ALL ENERGY (by UK Embassy Invitation)

2012 LONDON GLOBAL OFFSHORE WIND(by UK Embassy Invitation)

2014 2nd AWTEC in TOKYO (with EWTEC, 1st at Korea)

ENERGY STATISTICS in KOREA (KEMCO 2013 REPORT)

4

NRE vs. Total Primary Energy(2.75% in 2011)

NRE Primary Energy & Electricity Supply

Primary Energy Mix in Korea

[Unit: 1,000 toe, %]

Trend of Primary Energy Consumption

[Unit: 1,000 toe, %]

National 3rd Renewable Energy Deployment Plan (up to 2030)->will be revised this year end(4th Plan up to 2035)

2008 2010 2015 2020 2030 annual growth rate

PV 33(0.5) 40(0.5) 63(0.5) 342(2) 1882(5.7) 20.2

Solar heat 59(0.9) 138(1.8) 313(2.7) 552(3.2) 1364(4.1) 15.3

Bio 106(1.7) 220(2.9) 1084(9.2) 2035(11.6) 4155(12.6) 18.1

Wind 518(8.1) 987(13) 2210(18.8) 4211(24) 10357(31.4) 14.6

Hydro 946(14.9) 972(12.8) 1071(9.1) 1165(6.6) 1447(4.4) 1.9

Geothermal 9(0.1) 43(0.6) 280(2.4) 544(3.1) 1261(3.8) 25.5

Ocean 0(0) 70(0.9) 393(3.3) 907(5.2) 1540(4.7) 49.6

Waste 4688(73.7) 5097(67.4) 6316(53.8) 7764(44.3) 11021(33.4) 4.0

Total 6360 7566 11731 17520 33027 7.8

Ratio 2.58% 2.98% 4.33% 6.08% 11.0%(same at 4th Plan)

(unit:1,000TOE, %)

Nuclear Electricity Ratio from 2nd National Energy Basic Plan(2014) : 26%(2013), 41%(2008 1st Plan, 2030 target)

Reduced to 29%(2035)

RPS & REC INCENTIVE in KOREA

6

FIT to RPS(Renewable Portfolio Standards) in 2012 : 500MW or More Capacity Utilities(13), Obligation% or Penalty

Supporting Incentive : REC(Renewable Energy Certificate)

Grouping Multiplier Eligible Resources

Solar Energy

0.7 Installation type Land Type Capacity 1.0

In case of not use 'Building and Existing

Facilities'

5 lands(Rice field, Dry field, Orchard, Pasture, Forest land) 1.2

1.5 Other Excess 30kW Under 30kW

General Renewable

0.25 IGCC By-Product gas 0.5 Waste LFG(Land Fill Gas)

1.0

Hydro Wind (on-shore) Bio-gas Bio-mass Tidal I (construction under having its tide embankment) RDF(Refuse Derived Fuel

1.5 Off-shore Wind (connecting point length is under 5km) Bio-mass

2.0 Off-shore Wind (connecting point length is over 5km) Tidal II (newly construction its tide embankment) Fuel-cell

Korean Government WILL SOON ADD MORE REC RESOURCES(TIDAL CURRENT & GEO-THERMAL) THIS YEAR

MULTIPLIER WILL BE 2.0->Effective Market Priming Mover

Business Prospects: Government Plan of Power Installation Capacity up to 139,815MW in 2027(81,806 MW, in 2012)

If 5.0% Go to Marine Energy(6,991MW), and Tidal Current Occupies 50%(3,495MW), 3,495 Turbines(1MW) Installed,

->100MW Array x 35 Sites (Good Business Opportunity!)

500KW OWC WAVE PLANT PPOJECT (KRISO, 2003-2015)

Installation Capacity : 500KW Size : 37.0m(L) x 31.2m(B) x 27.5m(H) Turbine : Impulse turbines(1.8m(dia.), 26blades) Site : Jeju Island Western Coast Yongsoo Commissioning : planned in 2014(Grid connected)

300KW FLOATING PENDULUM WEC PROJECT (KRISO, 2010-2016)

Generator Capacity : 300KW Size : 21.0m(B) x 30.5m(L) x 10.0m(H) PTO : Hydraulic Variant Speed, 4 Points 8 Lines Catenary Mooring 2014 : Floating Main Body & Mooring System 2015-16 : Site Installation & Operation (Jeju Island Yongsoo, OWC site)

9

TIDAL BARAGE POWER PLANTS IN KOREA

The Largest Tidal Barage Commercial Plant : 254MW, Shihwa Lake, Korea

name Shihwa lake Garolim Bay Incheon Bay Chunsoo Bay

location Ansan city,

Kyoungki province Seosan, Chungnam

Province

Kanghwa Is. Youngjong Is.

Kyoungki Province

AnMyun Is. Chungnam Province

length(km) 12.7 ab. 2.0 ab. 20.0 ab. 8.0

stage commercial(2011.11)

Kwater

feasibility study, environmental

survey (2014 decided) feasibility study concept design

installed capacity (MW)

254 520 ab. 950 ab. 720

Year Power (MWh) 552,700 883,000 1,740,000 1,200,000

max. tide (m) 7.8 6.6 7.3 5.9

aver. tide (m) 5.6 4.7 5.3 4.3

Sites

10

SHIHWA LAKE TIDAL BARAGE POWER PLANT CONSTRUCTION

SAVONIUS TURBINE OPTIMIZATION PROJECT (KMOU, 2009-2010)

Savonius turbine model test in Japan

Savonius turbine in Caisson

animation

Jeju Island New Port Wave Breaker

SAVONIUS TURBINE OPTIMIZATION PROJECT (KMOU, 2009-2010)

CFD domain Blade optimization

Rotating Savonius turbine Savonius turbine in Caisson

30 degree15 degree0 degree 45 degree

60 degree 75 degree 90 degree

0 degree

75 degree

animation

MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FIXED) (KMOU, 2006~present)

Guide nozzle front rear

Caisson

Direct Drive Turbine (DDT)

- Direct Drive Wave Turbine Principle(KMOU) - Periodic Bi-Directional Wave Flow - Wells Turbine(symmetric aerofoil) - Uni-directional Rotation for Generator (Cross-flow turbine ONLY)

animation


Time (sec.)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

T ins

tant

(N-m

)

0

1

2

3

4Tinstant

P ins

tant

(W)

0

4

8

12

16

PT instant

n ins

tant

(min

-1)

0

30

60

90

120ninstant

Qin

stan

t (m

3 /s)

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4Qinstant

Hin

stab

t (m

)

0.00

0.25

0.50

0.75

1.00

Hinstant

(Turbine 1, Hw=20cm, TP=2.0sec., h=70cm)

Experiment of model turbine in wave channel

animation


Reciprocal flows in turbine passage optimization Free surface movement in CFD wave channel

Cross flow turbine 3-D rotation Turbine with large wave numerical 3-D channel

animation

MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FLOATING) (KMOU, 2011~present)

Turbine rotation due to wave height head difference(low head hydro turbine, KMOU originality)

KMOU WAVESHIP Model test diagram(1kW), < 0.5m wave height


Data Logger

Monitor

Pressure Sensors

Computer 6-DOF sloshing machine For LNG tanker model

Wave height sensor DDT

Pressure Hole

Torque Transducer & rpm sensor

Powder Brake

Turbine

ADVANTAGES: - Compact : water working fluid compared to traditional OWC air turbine(big density difference) - Low acoustic noise due to low rpm, submersible high-speed Wells air turbine - No bio-fouling and no salty corrosion in turbine(clean fresh water as working fluid) - Dual hull structure : less collision leakage damage and better environmental protection

- More systematic research needed : off-shore floating device technology (mooring, etc.)


CFD performance analysis 6-DOF motion platform test

Dual hull floating body wave flow interaction Mooring mechanism

animation


opening

WL roter domain

Water tank domain : sin wave motion

6-DOF motion platform test

CFD Experiment

Motion angle : 6, Frequency : 0.33Hz Fly-wheel effect test


PIV measurement

Left : PIV Right : CFD

animation

WAVE TANK MODEL(20W) TEST & SEA(1KW) TEST (KMOU, 2011~present)

Parameters Model

Length[m] 2.8

Wide[m] 1.56

Front height[m] 0.9

Back height[m] 1.3

Turbine diameter[m]

0.255

Weight [ton] Device : 1.47 Water : 0.66

Sea Test Site(1kW, 2014)

KMOU-WAVESHIP Installation Power : < 100KW Total System Efficiency : max. 20%-25% Wing Shape Incident Wave Energy Augment Design ESS Considered Commercialization R&D : 2015-2018(3 years)

animation

KMOU test site

test site

Pumped hydro energy storage system

Compressed air energy storage system

J.L. Yin, D.Z. Wang, Y.T. Kim, Young-Ho Lee, A hybrid energy storage system using pump compressed air and micro-hydro turbine, Renewable energy 65 (2014) 117-122.

High Pressure Vessel : Proven Technology Multistage Pump : Proven Technology Hydro Turbine : Proven Technology System Optimization : Research Target

PUMP AIR COMPRESSED & HYDRO TURBINE ESS (KMOU, 2011~present)

animation

EFFECTIVE HEAD & FLOW RATE VS. TIME(PUMP STAGE) BY CFD (KMOU, 2011~present)

animation

24

ESS BY DEEP WATER SUBMERGED OFF-SHORE STORAGE VESSEL(KMOU, 2014) Typical Vessel Pressure(In & Out) : 10 bar(100m) - 100bar(1000m) Power Capacity per Module : 10kWh 1MWh Module Components : Multi-stage Pump, Hydro Turbine, Air-Compressor, Cylindrical Vessel Targeted System Efficiency : 70-80% Constant Power Output Guaranteed for Grid Safe Penetration Model and Sea Proto Test : 2015-2017(Planned)

animation

STORAGE VESSEL SIZE(WATER DEPTH vs. POWER CAPACITY) (KMOU, 2014)

100MWh ESS ARRAY : (1MWhx10) x (1MWhx10) array is available with 10m interval(100m x 100m)

WECs - Fixed DDT WEC : -> submerged Bi-Directional Cross Flow Turbine -> high torque/low rpm, low noise, high efficiency - Floating DDT WEC : simple in principle, model sea test in 2014 - SCALED UP TEST : planned for commercialization OFF-SHORE ESS - KMOU ESS : -> 100% Mechanical (pump, turbine, air compressor, pressure vessel -> convergence technology) -> low cost, environmental, long life, high efficiency -> will be proven by model & field test UK, KOREA COLLABORATION - Hybrid & Convergence Technology : REs(Off-shore wind and marine energies) + New ESS Principle

CONCLUSION & SUGGESTIONS

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONS!

YOUNG-HO LEE(), Prof., Ph.D. Div. of Mechanical & Energy System Engineering, Korea Maritime & Ocean Univ.(KMOU) [email protected]

Slide Number 1TOPICSUK-KOREA NETWORKINGSENERGY STATISTICS in KOREA(KEMCO 2013 REPORT)National 3rd Renewable Energy Deployment Plan(up to 2030)->will be revised this year end(4th Plan up to 2035)RPS & REC INCENTIVE in KOREA500KW OWC WAVE PLANT PPOJECT(KRISO, 2003-2015)300KW FLOATING PENDULUM WEC PROJECT(KRISO, 2010-2016)Slide Number 9Slide Number 10Savonius turbine OPTIMIZATION project(KMOU, 2009-2010)Savonius turbine OPTIMIZATION project(KMOU, 2009-2010)MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FIXED) (KMOU, 2006~present)MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FIXED) (KMOU, 2006~present)MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FIXED) (KMOU, 2006~present)MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FLOATING) (KMOU, 2011~present)MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FLOATING) (KMOU, 2011~present)MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FLOATING) (KMOU, 2011~present)MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FLOATING) (KMOU, 2011~present)MICRO CROSS-FLOW HYDRO WAVE TURBINE(FLOATING) (KMOU, 2011~present)Slide Number 21Slide Number 22Slide Number 23Slide Number 24Slide Number 25Slide Number 26Slide Number 27

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