KNOL KHOL

PRESENTED BY :-HARMANJEET SINGH

A-2015-30-075

(VEGETABLES SCIENCE)

CSKHPKV PALAMPUR

(Brassica oleraceae var. gongylodes)

CONTENT• Introduction

• Health Benefits Of Knol-khol

• Morphology

• Climatic Requirement

• Soil

• Varieties

• Seed Rate And Time Of Sowing

• Transplanting

• Manuring And Fertilization

• After Care

• Irrigation

• Pest & Diseases

• Harvesting

INTRODUCTION Family:- Brassicaceae

Origin:- Western coastal Europe

It is believed to be originated in the Western coastal Europe.

Also known as Kohlrabi, Kohlrabi greens, Navalkol, Gunth Gobhi,

The Whole plant is edible however, it is mostly used for its bulged

swollen stem

INTRODUCTION CONTI…..

Knol-khol is originated from wild cabbage (B. oleracea var.

sylvestris)

Purple/Early varieties are more susceptible to premature bolting.

In India, knol-khol is more popular in kashmir and minor crop in

West Bengal, Himachal pradesh, Karnataka.

In Kashmir, knol-khol leaves are also used as greens.

It is excellent vegetable if used at its early stage before it becomes

tough and fibrous.

HEALTH BENEFITS OF KNOL-KHOL

• It is a rich source of minerals like Ca, Mg, P, K, Na, and S.

• Rich in the antioxidant , so helps fight cancer

• Contains high amounts of vitamins C, E and carotene

• Considered good sources of dietary fiber

• Contains sulphoraphanes and other isothiocyanates, which are believed to stimulate the production of protective enzymes in the body

• Have antidiabetic activity

MORPHOLOGY• Formation of knob (tuber) which arises from a thickening of the

stem tissue above the cotyledons

• The fleshy edible proration is an enlargement of the stem, which develops entirely above ground and is used as a vegetable

• The edible portion is globular to a slightly flattened stem

CLIMATIC REQUIREMENT Cool season crop

Temperature It can withstand extreme cold and frost better than

other cool season crop Optimum temperature 15 0C to 200C Tuber production 100C to 200C When grown below 15 0C for extended period early

varieties produce flower stalks (bolting) directly without forming knobs

Purple varieties more prone to bolting.

Successfully grown on all types of soil

But the sandy loam and clay loam soils are best

suitable pH 5.5-6.8 A soil rich in manures and fertilizers produces excellent

knobs

Does not grow well in highly acidic soil

SOIL

VARIETIES• Palam Tender Knob

•White Vienna

• Purple Vienna

• King of North

• Large Green

PALAM TENDER KNOB :

• This variety has small round knobs

• Yield 250–275q/ha

WHITE VIENNA :

• This is an early variety with globular, light green, smooth, tender, medium-sized knobs having creamy-white tender flesh with delicate flavor

• Plants are dwarf, leaves and stems are medium green

• Yield potential of 150–200q/ha

• It matures 55–65 days after transplanting

• Takes 50–60 days for knob formation

PURPLE VIENNA

•Medium size

• one week later than White Vienna

• Knobs are purplish-blue with greenish-white flesh

• It has purple leaves

• It requires 55–65 days for knob formation with slightly better yield potential than White Vienna

KING OF NORTH

• Plant height of 20–30cm foliage is dark green, knob flattish-round, leaf sheath large and well-spread over the knob

• It matures 60–65 days after transplanting

• Early varieties mature 30–45 days after planting & characterized by the horizontal position of the lower leaves

• The late varieties mature 70–100 days after planting

•SEED RATE :- 1 to 1.5 kg/ha

•TIME OF SOWING:- - North Indian plains : September - November.

- Hills : March to August

Variety Time of sowing seed in Nursery

Time of transplanting in the main field

Early August September

Main September October

Late October November

TRANSPLANTING

• 3 to 4 week old seedlings become ready for transplanting

• Ridges and furrow type beds used

• SPACING : 25cm × 25cm, 25cm × 30cm, 25cm × 40cm, 30cm × 20cm or 30cm × 45cm depending on climatic condition

• Seedlings should be watered and protection may

be given from sun rays for 4 – 5 days

MANURING AND FERTILIZATION

• Knol-khol responds well to manuring, as it is a heavy feeder.

• Add N -- 100 kg/ha ,

P -- 80 to 90 kg/ ha ,

K – 150 to 175 kg/ha.

• Nitrogen is applied in 2 equal split doses, 3 weeks after transplanting and at knob development stage .

AFTER CARE

•Weeds are removed from field by hand weeding.

• Generally 2-3 weeding are done in the initial stage of growth.

• The field must be kept free from weeds.

• Plant should be earthen up after 25 – 30 days of transplantation.

IRRIGATION

• Knol-khol requires a continuous supply of moisture for uniform growth and development of knobs

• After transplanting, should be watered for 4 to 5 days (as stated the seedlings, after transplanting, should be watered for four to five days)

• Should be given an interval of 6 to 7 days

• Thereafter irrigation is done when needed, depending on soil and weather conditions

PEST & DISEASESPESTS

• Aphids

• Thrips

•Mustard saw fly

• Semi looper

• Nematods

• Caterpillars & beetles

DISEASES

• Damping off

• Leaf spot & blight

• Club root

• Black rot

• Root fly

PEST & DISEASES CONTROL

• Pruning of the old leaves

•Weed control & clean of field

• Use chemical & organic pesticides (foliar spray of garlic extract at 3% concentration, Spray Trichoderma at 2-3 % against root fly & black rot)

HARVESTING• Done at tender stage when the knobs attain 6-8 cm diameter

• Knobs are harvested by cutting the stem just below it by a sharp knife or sickle before they are fully grown

• Should be harvested with few leaves for nearby markets and without leaves for distant markets.

• Delayed in harvesting results in fibrous knobs development.

Thank you……