Kingdoms Plantae and Animalia and rest of Classification Notes

Kingdoms Plantae and Animalia and rest of Classification NotesKingdom PlantaeCharacteristics:EukaryoteMulticellularAutotrophic (photosynthesis)Cell wallMostly terrestrialKingdom Plantae ExamplesMosses

Kingdom Plantae ExamplesFerns

Kingdom Plantae ExamplesConifers

Kingdom Plantae ExampleFlowering plants

Kingdom Animalia CharacteristicsEukaryoteMulticellularHeterotrophic (ingest)No cell wallTerrestrial and aquaticKingdom Animalia Examplessponges

ExamplesJellyfish

ExamplesMollusks

ExamplesRound worms

ExamplesFlat worms

ExamplesSegmented worms

ExamplesArthropods

ExamplesStarfish

ExamplesFish

ExamplesAmphibians

ExamplesReptiles

ExamplesBirds

ExamplesMammals

Phylogeny(evolutionary history)Phylogenetic trees are branching diagrams showing how organisms are relatedAlso called family treesFossil records help establish relationships on a phylogenetic treeOrganize living things based on their evolutionPhylogenic TreeCommon ancestor is shown at the base of the treeMost modern organism shown at the tips of branchesEach time a branch divides into a smaller branch, a new species evolves

CladogramsShow how organisms are related based on shared, derived characteristics such as feathers, hair, scales, etc.

THREE DOMAIN SYSTEMBased on comparing sequence of ribosomal RNA in different organisms to determine ancestry.All organisms placed into 3 broad groups called DOMAINS

Three Domain System

Three Domain SystemDomain Archae: (Kingdom Archaebacteria) contains chemosynthetic bacteria living in harsh environments.Domain Bacteria or Eubacteria: (Kingdom Eubacteria) contains all other bacteria including those causing diseases.Domain Eukarya or Eukaryota: (Kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia) contains all eukaryotic organismsThe end of these notes