Jump Start!Discuss the Monroe Doctrine. What did it say? Why did the US believe it was necessary?

Discuss the Missouri Compromise.What was the issue involved? Why was it important - what effect did it have on the United States?

Age of JacksonIndian RemovalNullification

Bank of the United States

Two Faced Policy

Since Jefferson, US Presidents had two Indian policies: Assimilation Change and fit in Removal Move to preserve culture

Inconsistently applied from 1801 1831, after which the US made full efforts to resettle the tribes.

Large Native Population60,000 Native Americans occupied Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi

Five Tribes Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek and Seminoles in SE United States

Occupied millions of acres

94 treaties existed allowing them to live there, Jackson helped negotiate 9.

Cherokee Adapt - Assimilate1820s Sequoyah Leads CherokeeDevelops AlphabetSingle family farming (Jefferson)Opened schools, churches, roadsConstitution

Government Policy ChangesPres. Monroe began the real push to evict in 1825 resettlement plan sent to Congress.

Discovery of gold in GA may have changed everything

State abolishes Cherokee tribal rule wont recognize their sovereignty.

Cherokee ChallengeTwo law suitsCherokee Nation v. Georgia - 1831 Worcester v. Georgia 1832

Result Supreme Court rules forCherokee

States cannot invalidate treaties w/Federal Government. Georgia must help keep white settlers off Indian land.

Jackson Favors RemovalMoves from balanced approach to complete removal.

Marshall made his decision, now let him enforce it.

Allows state militia to force Indians off land

Trail of Tears

7 Years of Migration

1831 Choctaw were first

1836 Creek were removed

1838 Last of the Cherokee leave

States Rights & NullificationAll about tariffs (again!)

As America rebuilds manufacturing capacity Britain flood US w/cheap goods hurts American manufacturing.

Government raises tariffs twice to protect business.

South says ENOUGH! tariffs hurt British sales so they buy less cotton, hurting southern exports.

John C. Calhoun Tariff of Abominations -1828 Says tariffs make So dependent on No making it rich

Nullification TheoryCalhoun bases theory on VA & KY Resolutions that unconstitutional laws can be nullified by states.

States had the right to nullify cancel laws damaging to sovereign states and SC refuses to collect tariffs, threaten secession.

Webster/Hayne debateGovernment of people or of states.

President Jackson & Calhoun make conflicting toasts in public sets up the two as enemies over the issue.

Jackson cites SC treasonous Passes FORCE BILL threatens to hang Calhoun SC backs down and pays tariffs.

Bank of the United StatesJacksons distrust of banks leads him to kill its charter, when Webster & Clay try to renew early

IF it became a campaign issue gain public support harder for Jackson to kill it.

Jackson says BUS exists for wealthy and targets Nicholas Biddle (better rates to Congressmen) as the culprit.

Re-directs countrys accounts to regional Pet Banks & kills the BUS New York becomes financial capital.

Effects of Age of JacksonPresidency strengthened under Jackson

Democrats split off to form Whig Party (believers in the American System)

Jacksons successors Van Buren deal with financial problems due to no centrally controlled bank. Panic of 1837 banks fail printed more money than they had gold and silver to back up.

Whig presidencies William H. Harrison and John Tyler

******1823 Supreme Court ruling allowed Indians to occupy US land, but not hold title to it.That RIGHT was to be subordinate to the US right of discovery

BASIS FOR GOVERNMENTs ASSERTIONS

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