John Taylor-Lehman Tri-Valley High School Dresden, Ohio 43821 740-754-2921 [email protected]...
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Transcript of John Taylor-Lehman Tri-Valley High School Dresden, Ohio 43821 740-754-2921 [email protected]...
John Taylor-Lehman
• Tri-Valley High School• Dresden, Ohio 43821• 740-754-2921• [email protected]
• 9-12• Biology, Chemistry• Oceanography, Zoology
• National Tropical Botanical Garden
• Science Teacher Enrichment Program
• June 1-10, 2010
THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS Read ( Chap 24 ) 20th Century Med. Man Video (30 min)
Campus Walk to identify sps. (sheet in binder) common, trees, bushes and herbs (locust, oak, pear, hemlock, dandelion, violet, grass, poison ivy, dogwood, pine, black cherry)
Crossword Puzzle (sheet in binder) 3 Day recall of plant contacts Dendrochronology Lab Activity Chromatography Lab Activity
THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANTSTopics A. Classification : flowers, conifers,
ferns, and mosses B. Major plants cultivated for food C. Human History and Cultivation D. Plant Anatomy
Info on seeds was covered forquarter long project Flower parts were covered when we did genetics•
Brain Storming Activity
• Purpose: Check for prior knowledge, Cooperative Learning
• Question: What words come to mind when you hear the word plant?
• Individually- list a min. of 20 words associated with plants (5 foods max.)
• Pairs- eliminate duplicates and get list back up to a min. of 20.
• Group- eliminate duplicates and get back to a min. of 20
• Whole Class: Compile total list and organize into categories
• Group with the most unique words get prize
• Save list till the end of the unit
POLLEN
Apple seeds
A. Plant Classification
• http://classic.sidwell.edu/us/science/vlb/class/plantae/plant-tree.jpg
Draw this in your notes on a half sheet of paper
MOSS
FERN
CONIFERS
FLOWERING PLANTS
??????????• If you are allergic to Poison Ivy Toxicodendron
radicans then you will likely be allergic to the Devil’s Fruit
http://www.ppws.vt.edu/scott/weed_id/poisonivy8-11b.jpg
http://utopiankitchen.files.wordpress.com/2007/11/cashews.jpg
CASHEW Anacardium occidentale Fruit and seed
And allergic to• The fruit Mango Mangifera indica L.
(not the green pepper Capsicum annuum)
Any ideas about why this is true?
http://www.oisat.org/images/Sabermango.jpg
http://www.worldwidehealth.com/ecards/6403_tn_green%20pepper.jpg
the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae
B. The importance of plants (as food)
• 275,000 SPS. OF FLOWERING PLANTS• 3,000 USED FOR HUMAN FOOD• 200 DOMESTICATED*• 12 MAIN FOODS
reference “Seeds to Civilization” C.Heizer
DOMESTICATION• - REQUIRE HUMAN
INTERVENTION TO MAINTAIN CURRENT FORM
Group Activity!
• Name the major food crop plants that are harvest from around the world.
• This is based on amount of plant matter harvested
• A student will record suggestions on the SMART Board from classmates. Teacher will screen responses.
1. 7. 13.
2. 8. 14.
3 9. 15.
4. 10. 16.
5. 11. 17.
6. 12.
list is by weight harvested
1. SUGAR CANE* 7. BARLEY* 13. GRAPE2. WHEAT* 8. MANIOC 14. TOMATO3. CORN* 9. SWEET POTATO 15. OAT*4. RICE* 10. SOY BEAN 16. ORANGE5. POTATO 11. SORGHUM* 17. APPLE6. SUGAR BEET 12. BANANA
list is by weight harvested
What do all the * have in common?
Look closely at them
*A MAJOR plant group The Grass family
maize
SUGAR CANE
Mature wheat
RICE
Rice
POTATO
SUGAR BEET
BARLEY
manioc
SWEET POTATO
SORGHUM
BANANA
banana
NOTES ON 20TH CENTURY MED MAN. (video in library) • Botany
• Ethnobotany• Dr. Mark Plotkin (Harvard)• Jaguar Shaman• 25% of modern meds have their origin in plants• examples poppy (opium, morphine)
periwinkle (vincristine) willow (aspirin)• Info lost about plants b/c
– Young people are uninterested in learning– Extermination of tribes – Loss of rain forest– Death of knowledgeable elders
C. HUMAN EXISTENCE 200,000 TO 100,000 humans in an
early forms; H. sapiens var. sapiens and H. sapiens var. neaderthalensis
• 25,000 to 35,000 years ago substantial archeological and fossil evidence of ONLY H. sapiens var. sapiens (us)
EARLY HUMAN LIFESTYLE?• Hunter/gatherer
• Man herd food season
• Change in human behavior approximately 9,000 years ago
• Domestication/agriculture develops simultaneously in several places in the world
GOOD EVIDENCE OF FARMING
• 7,000 B.C. Fertile Crescent, Near East Wheat , Barley
• " Thailand bean and pea• 5,000 Asia rice• 7,000-5,000 Mexico near Texas
gourds, chili, beans• 5,000 Mexico City squash, beans,
avacado, Maize
Current foods in an area reflect heritage
Brain Storming Activity
• Purpose: Problem Solving, Cooperative Learning
• Question: What plants would you take if you left your home for a destination with unknown resources?
“Canoe Plants”
• Here’s what the people who first settled Hawaii brought with them.
• Video link will be linked here of Brian T. Yamamoto describing Hawaiian “Canoe Plants”
• Insert image of canoe from classroom
• Individually- list a min. of 20 plants essential for survival
• Pairs- eliminate duplicates and get list back up to a min. of 20.
• Group- eliminate duplicates and get back to a min. of 20
• Whole Class: Compile total list and reduce to 20
• Group with the most “ ? “ plants gets a prize
HOMEWORK• 1. 3 DAY RECALL OF YOUR CONTACT WITH
PLANTS• 2. AT LEAST 10 PLANTS PER DAY MUST BE
RECORDED• 3. BE READY FOR ME TO COLLECT THEM AT
ANY TIME• 4. 10 PTS.
Anti-Bacterial properties of Spices
• Hope to improve my bacteria unit by expanding the use of spices in our LAB on bacteria culturing and growth inhibition
D. PLANT ANATOMYPart II of PlantsRead 569-582
I. GROSS ANATOMY
• ROOTS (functions?)– Anchor– absorb water and
nutrients– asexual reproduction
(ex. Raspberry)– storage ex. Yam,
carrot , beet
LEAVES– Photosynthesis
– Enzymes, sunlight, chlorophyll– Transpiration – release of water through the
leaf surface. The plant is like a straw. Roots have the opening and the leaves have the exit
– asexual reproduction ex. African violet Kalanchoe
– storage ex. Cabbage, onion, lettuce
STEM FUNCTIONS CONTINUED
STEM (functions?)support the leaves and
flowersasexual reproduction
ex. Potato, strawberrystorage ex. Potato,
broccoli, cauliflower , asparagus
II. CELLULAR ANATOMY
• transport• xylem• phloem• dividing region• absorption
• Water up• Sugars down• Meristem• Root tip
• support- wood• dating activity with
growth rings
How old is this stem?
12 years old
Photosynthesis
• leaf anatomy- stomata
• from work sheet• chromatography- pigments
• chlorophyll• carotene• xanthophylls
III. PLANT RESPONSES (tropisms)
• Controlled by hormones that stimulate specific cells to grow
• Thigmo tropism• Phototropism• Gravitropism• chemotropism
cell divisionAdding to
length at root and stem tips by apical meristem
cell division
Adding to the width-lateral meristem
Vascular bundleLooks vaguely like
an ice cream cone
Cell division – where the cells are reproducing
• root and stem tips apical meristem• width- lateral meristem
Photosynthesis
1. Leaf Anatomy – stomata and guard cells (from worksheet)
2. Chromatography- pigment mixtures are separated and analyzed
• Chlorophyll – green pigment• Carotene – orange pigment• XanthophyllsXanthophylls – yellow pigment
III. PLANT RESPONSES (tropisms)
• Controlled by hormones that stimulate specific cells to grow
• Thigmotropism – response to touch (vines, venus fly traps)
• Phototropism – response to light (seedlings)• Gravitropism – up and down growth• Chemotropism – response to a chemical
stimulus (ex. fertilizer)
Thigmotropism
• The turning or bending response of an organism upon direct contact with a solid surface or object.
Phototropism
Gravitropism
Chemotropism
• Growth towards water or fertilizer (sewage line)
Legumes
• Simple dry fruit • Common name for fruit is a pod• Peas, beans, lentils, and peanuts• High in protein
Quiz on plants• Video Med Man, • Human uses of plants, Text Chap 24 and Read
569-582 • Notes, • Vocab • LABS Tree Ring, Chromotography, Campus
Walk and Plant identification, • Cross word• Plant anatomy
4th Quarter NOTEBOOK CONTENTS• Cover Sheet • Assignment Sheet• Grade Sheet
• Vocabulary (96 - 138)• Notes
• Daily Work– Pg 149 Theory of Evol WS– Pg 157 Theory of Evol WS– History of Life WS– Pg 161 Evolution WS– Plant Puzzle\Leaf labeling– Virus Paragraph (living or
nonliving)• Labs
– Peppered Moth– Amino Acid Lab– Viral Lab– Plant Walk– Dendrochronology
THIS IS 10% OF YOURQUARTER GRADE!!!
Notebook check MONDAY….
Here’s another option…
Plant Jeopardy – Easy questions
1. Products of photosynthesis? 2. This transports water in a plant - ______3. Define ethnobotany. The study of the uses of plants 4. What is causing loss of knowledge in rainforest
ecosystems?5. Release of water through leaf surface is called
________.6. Square stem…strong smell = ________7. Trees can either be flower producing or _____
producing.
Plant Jeopardy – Easy questions1. Products of photosynthesis? Sugar and oxygen 2. This transports water in a plant - __xylem____3. Define ethnobotany. The study of the uses of plants in
a culture 4. What is causing loss of knowledge in rainforest
ecosystems? Death of shaman and loss of rainforest5. Release of water through leaf surface is called
_transpiration_______.6. Square stem…strong smell = __mint______7. Trees can either be flower producing or _cone____
producing.
Medium Level
1. What does chromotography do?2. What is the stomata of a leaf?3. What controls the stomata?4. Functions of the roots?5. Name two things that we eat that are
roots….stems….and leaves.6. Where does cell division occur in plants?7. What plants are cultivated in Mexico?8. Contrast phloem and xylem cells.9. Contrast wind vs. insect pollinated flowers.
Medium Level1. What does chromatography do? Separates chemicals by
size2. What is the stomata of a leaf? Openings in leaf bottom
to release water, O2 and take in CO2
3. What controls the stomata? Guard cells4. Functions of the roots? Absorb, storage, anchor, asex5. Name two things that we eat that are
roots….stems….and leaves.6. Where does cell division occur in plants?meristem7. What plants are cultivated in Mexico? maize, beans,
avocado, gourd8. Contrast phloem and xylem cells. Sugar down, water up9. Contrast wind vs. insect pollinated flowers.
Difficult Questions…
1. What was the evidence of farming 7000-5000 BC?2. What does domestication mean?3. What do tree rings tell us?4. What are the functions of the leaf?5. Give the basic chemical reaction of photosynthesis.6. The fruit of a maple tree is called a ___.7. Name three grains that are on the list of top food
crops harvested by weight.
Difficult Questions…1. What was the evidence of farming 7000-5000 BC?
settlements2. What does domestication mean? requires human
involvement to maintain current form3. What do tree rings tell us? Age, past weather conditions4. What are the functions of the leaf? Photosynthesis,
asexual reproduction, storage, transpiration5. Give the basic chemical reaction of photosynthesis.6. The fruit of a maple tree is called a _samara__.7. Name three grains that are on the list of top food crops
harvested by weight. Wheat, rice, maize, oats, barley, sorghum
Quiz on plants
• Video Med Man, • Human uses of plants, Text • Notes, • Vocab • LABS Tree Ring, Chromotography, Campus
Walk and Plant identification, • Cross word• Plant anatomy
• Vocabulary • Cereal• Legumes• root crops• fruit• grain• vegetative part
Dermal tissue,ground tissue, root hairs, root cap, herbaceous plant, vascular bundle transpiration