Jeopardy! Review

JEOPARDY! REVIEWUnit 2 – Broadening Horizons

Vocabulary Overview of AoEn

Religious Philosophies

Philosophes and

PhilosophiesPhilosophical

Scenarios

10 10 10 10 10

20 20 20 20 20

30 30 30 30 30

40 40 40 40 40

50 50 50 50 50

VOCABULARY – 10

• Time: 15 seconds

• What is humanism?• What is validity?

VOCABULARY – (RES) 10

• Humanism is the idea that humans are capable of thinking for themselves.

• Validity is truthfulness.

VOCABULARY – 20


• Define skeptical.• Define to impose.


• Skeptical: doubtful; questioning• To impose: to force

VOCABULARY – 30


• “Philosophe” is a French word. Give two English words that mean the same thing.


• Two other ways to say “philosophe” are:– Thinker– Intellectual

VOCABULARY – 40


• Define to reform.• Use the verb correctly in a sentence about

philosophes.


• To reform means to change.• Example sentence:– “Philosophes tried to reform the society around

them.”

VOCABULARY – 50


• Give one correct example for each of the following:1. Something that is imposed on you.2. An example of a philosophe you have heard of.3. An idea/thing that you are skeptical about.

VOCABULARY – (RES) 50 • An example of each:

1. Something that is imposed on you• Going to school is imposed on me.• The school uniform is imposed on us.

2. An example of a philosophe you have heard of.• Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Rousseau, Smith, Beccaria, or

Wollstonecraft.

3. An idea/thing that you are skeptical about.• I am skeptical about evolution.• I am skeptical about …

OVERVIEW OF AOEN – 10Time: 20 seconds

• From which country did most AoEn philosophers originate?

• Which letter on the map represents this country?

B

D

E

C

A

OVERVIEW OF AOEN – (RES) 10

• Most philosophers originated from France.

• C represents France. B

D

E

C

A

OVERVIEW OF AOEN – 20


• How did philosophes spread their ideas during the AoEn?

• What did philosophes attempt to do their societies during the AoEn?


• Philosophes spread their ideas during the AoEn through debates.

• Philosophes attempted to reform their societies during the AoEn.



• Pick two time periods and explain how they each influenced the AoEn.


• Time periods that influenced the AoEn:– Renaissance: people questioned the validity of

information.– Age of Absolutism: people questioned how to

improve their government and their personal lives.– Scientific Revolution: people continued to question

the world around them; people continued to experiment with the world around them



• To what time period will the AoEn lead?• How does the AoEn lead to that time period?


• The AoEn will lead to the Age of Revolutions.• The AoEn leads to the Age of Revolutions

because the ideas that came from the AoEn influenced people to revolt against their government.



• During the Age of Revolutions, which European country will revolt using the ideas of the AoEn?

• During the Age of Revolutions, which New World colonies will revolt using the ideas of the AoEn? (Name all three)


• During the Age of Revolutions, France revolts by using the ideas of the AoEn.

• During the Age of Revolutions, New World colonies that revolted by using the ideas of the AoEn were the 13 Colonies, Haiti, and Latin America.

RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHIES– 10


• During the AoEn, what religious denomination did most Europeans follow?

• What two domains did people become skeptical about during the AoEn?

RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHIES– (RES) 10

• Europeans were mostly Christian.• People became skeptical about politics and

religion.



• Name the two branches of theism.• Explain the difference between each branch.


• The two branches of theism are monotheism and polytheism.

• Monotheism believes in only one god.• Polytheism believes in more than one god.



• Give an example of a monotheist religion.• Give an example of a polytheist religion.• In how many gods do deists believe?


• Examples of monotheism: Christianity, Islam, Judaism

• Examples of polytheism: Hinduism; Wicca

• Deists believe in one god.



• Why do deists believe the Universe exists?• How do deists compare God to a clockmaker?

(compare all three parts)


• Deists believe the universe exists because it is complicated, so there must be a designer.

• God is like a clockmaker because1) He made the universe, just like a clockmaker made the

clock.2) He then put in natural laws into the universe to make it run,

just like a clockmaker put in batteries to make the clock run.3) He finally left it alone to run on its own, just like a

clockmaker lets a watch tick on its own.

RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHIES– 50• Time: 30 seconds

• What is the difference between atheism and agnosticism?

• Which religious philosophy would be most likely to believe in evolution?

• Explain the concept of evolution.


• Atheism is completely certain there is no god.• Agnosticism is not sure/is doubtful of whether or

not god/gods exist(s).

• Atheism would most likely believe in evolution.

• According to evolution, human beings were formed from a single-celled organism that changed over a long period of time.

PHILOSOPHES AND PHILOSOPHIES – 10


• Explain the following quotes in your words:1. “Crush the infamous thing.”2. “We must cultivate our own gardens.”

PHILOSOPHES AND PHILOSOPHIES – (RES) 10

1. “Crush the infamous thing.”– Destroy the Catholic Church.

2. “We must cultivate our own gardens.”– Our actions determine our destinies/where we

end up.



• Explain the following quotes in your own words:1. “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in

chains.”2. “I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend

to the death your right to say it.”


1. “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.”– Man is born good, but society corrupts him.

2. “I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it.”– I might not like what you are saying, but you

should still be allowed to say it.



• Translate tabula rasa into English, then explain the concept.

• Contrast man’s natural state in Locke’s, Hobbes’, and Rousseau’s philosophies.

• Explain the concept of the Invisible Hand in capitalism.

PHILOSOPHES AND PHILOSOPHIES (RES) – 30

• Tabula rasa means blank slate. This means that humans learn through experience.

• Locke believed man was born neutral.• Hobbes believed man was born evil.• Rousseau believed man was born good.

• The Invisible Hand is the balancing of a capitalist economy.


• Time: 1 minute.

• Explain Locke’s social contract, including the role of each group as well as consequences for not fulfilling your role.

• Explain Rousseau’s social contract, including the concept of the General Will.

• Identify the natural rights according to Locke.• Contrast the concept of equality in Locke’s and

Rousseau’s philosophies.


• Locke’s social contract is between the gov’t and citizens, where the gov’t must protect citizens rights and the citizens must follow the laws. If the gov’t doesn’t do its’ job, citizens may overthrow the gov’t. If the citizens don’t do their job, they go to jail.

• Rousseau’s social contract is between citizens, where each person is fulfilling the general will – they are compromising some of their happiness so that their overall society is happy.

• Locke’s natural rights are life, liberty, and property.

• Locke believed only rich, white men were created equal. Rousseau believed all human beings were equal, period.


• Time: 1 minute

• Explain feminism and why Wollstonecraft believed women seemed inferior to men.

• Give an example of a double standard.• Explain the concept of Montesquieu’s separation of

powers, including why he believed it was needed.• Explain why Beccaria was against the death penalty and

one way he thought a government should prevent crime.

PHILOSOPHICAL SCENARIOS – (RES) 50 • Feminism is the idea that men and women are equal. Wollstonecraft believed

women seemed inferior to men because they were less educated.

• An example of a double standard is– Insulting a woman for having multiple sexual partners, but encouraging a man to have

sexual partners.– A woman who is a virgin for a long time is considered virtuous (good) while a man who

is a virgin for a long time is considered a loser who cannot get a woman if he tried.– Women are allowed to publicly cry; men are considered weak if they were to do the

same.

• Montesquieu’s separation of powers/branches is the idea that the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of a gov’t should be separated, with equal powers; this was to prevent corruption.

• Beccaria was against the death penalty because he thought it was not a practical or ethical deterrent to crime. He thought by (1) educating the people and (2) rewarding good behavior, a government could deter crime.

PHILOSOPHICAL SCENARIOS – 10


• “There is a new law that passes in Alabama that says everyone must become a Christian. Furthermore, it says if you live in Greene County, you may only go to the Baptist Churches. All other churches must be closed down.” Why would Voltaire say the law is wrong? Explain.

PHILOSOPHICAL SCENARIOS – (RES) 10

• “There is a new law that passes in Alabama that says everyone must become a Christian. Furthermore, it says if you live in Greene County, you may only go to the Baptist Churches. All other churches must be closed down.” Why would Voltaire say the law is wrong?

– Voltaire would say the law is wrong because it is intolerant / it takes away religious freedom.

PHILOSOPHICAL SCENARIOS – 20• Time: 20 seconds

• “Michael and Christina are both serious students. Michael wants to become a world-class chef and Christina wants to become a mechanical engineer. Michael wants to take Advanced Cooking; Christina wants to take Woodshop or Welding. However, neither teacher for the classes Michael and Christina want, allow them into their classes because they believe boys should become mechanical engineers and girls belong in the kitchen, cooking.” Why would Wollstonecraft disagree with the teachers? Explain.


• “Michael and Christina are both serious students. Michael wants to become a world-class chef and Christina wants to become a mechanical engineer. Michael wants to take Advanced Cooking; Christina wants to take Woodshop or Welding. However, neither teacher for the classes Michael and Christina want, allow them into their classes because they believe boys should become mechanical engineers and girls belong in the kitchen, cooking.” Why would Wollstonecraft disagree with the teachers? Explain.

• Wollstonecraft would disagree with the teachers because she believes in feminism (men and women are equal) / equality of education between men and women / this is a double standard.



• “Nicholus owns a shoe store specializing in Air Jordans. He sells each pair for $150. Amber opens up a shoe shop where Air Jordans are sold for $300. Nicholus’ father, who is the governor of Alabama, orders Amber to close down her store, to stop selling Air Jordans, or to start selling Air Jordans for $150 because the price is too high. Why would Smith disagree with the governor? Explain using TWO reasons.


• “Nicholus owns a shoe store specializing in Air Jordans. He sells each pair for $150. Amber opens up a shoe shop where Air Jordans are sold for $300. Nicholus’ father, who is the governor of Alabama, orders Amber to close down her store, to stop selling Air Jordans, or to start selling Air Jordans for $150 because the price is too high. Why would Smith disagree with the governor? Explain using TWO reasons.

• Smith would disagree with the governor because: 1. In a free market, merchants get to decide what to sell and at what price to

sell it.2. With the Invisible Hand, the economy will naturally balance itself out.3. In a capitalist economy, the government should not interfere with

business.



• “Tyra is accused of stealing gum from Piggly Wiggly. The judge decides he will make an example of her, and gives her the death penalty without bringing her to trial.” Why would Beccaria disagree with the judge’s decision? Explain using TWO reasons.


• “Tyra is accused of stealing gum from Piggly Wiggly. The judge decides he will make an example of her, and gives her the death penalty without bringing her to trial.” Why would Beccaria disagree with the judge’s decision? Explain using TWO reasons.

• Beccaria would disagree with the judge’s decision because:1. The death penalty is not practical or ethical.2. The death penalty will not prevent future crime.3. The punishment is too severe for the crime.4. Tyra got no trial.

PHILOSOPHICAL SCENARIOS – 50• Time: 1 minute

• Nnambi and Denzel are accused of killing Devante. The judge, who was also the officer that arrested the two, decides that because Nnambi is a girl, she cannot be guilty since girls are not evil. He decides, however, that Denzel is guilty and, without a trial, sentences him to death so that others will not be tempted to kill others. Explain why Beccaria, Montesquieu, and Wollstonecraft would disagree with the judge’s decision. Give at least one reason for each philosophe.

PHILOSOPHICAL SCENARIOS – (RES) 50 • Nnambi and Denzel are accused of killing Devante. The judge, who was also the officer

that arrested the two, decides that because Nnambi is a girl, she cannot be guilty since girls are not evil. He decides, however, that Denzel is guilty and, without a trial, sentences him to death so that others will not be tempted to kill others. Explain why Beccaria, Montesquieu, and Wollstonecraft would disagree with the judge’s decision. Give at least one reason for each philosophe.

• Beccaria would respond that the judge is wrong for (1) the death penalty not being practical / (2) the death penalty will not prevent future crime / (3) there was no trial held for Denzel.

• Wollstonecraft would respond that the judge is wrong because (1) he is treating Nnambi and Denzel with double standards / (2) men and women should be treated equally.

• Montesquieu would respond that the judge is wrong because (1) he violated separation of powers – he was the arresting officer AND the judge / (2) there was no trial held for Denzel.

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