7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

1/25

]86

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

2/25

Lvvbkklot

Glibu Crtjx`b \E Xnslo Vboo`octno

Hbotno *@outxretbd hp I L Kls

*Unk`e`tnxu) KKV)

Xbuvnodbot

Bx`e X`hnt UEV Ilz`ib Ulrw`bx UE

Knr`u Bx`e X`hnt *@outxretbd hp Hklmb Klvtjnxo Unk`e`tnxu)

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

3/25

KNXD MBXX7

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

4/25

indb na tx`lk hrt tjb lvvbkklot d`d ont hbenib lslxb na tjlt dbe`u`no rot`k 8

Ubvtbihbx 8660 sjbo tjb jblx`oc na tjb elub slu drb tn hbc`o/

1/ Ix Kbulcb enivkl`ou tjlt jb slu ont c`qbo tjb nvvnxtro`tp tn ilmb

xbvxbubotlt`nou no sjbtjbx j`u tx`lk ujnrkd jlqb hbbo jbkd hbanxb tsngrdcbu/ Tj`uslu vlxt`erklxkp `ivnxtlot+ `t `u ekl`ibd+ hbelrub+ `o baabet+ `t xbinqbd lop x`cjt na

lvvblk tn l dnibut`e Enrxt na Lvvblk/ Rodbx ubet`no 5 na tjb Enrxt na E`q`k Lvvblk

Let

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

5/25

]JbY jlu utxbornrukp dbo`bd lkk tjb lkkbclt`nou na axlrdrkbot

txloulet`nou ildb lcl`out j`i hp tjb ]hlomY/ Jb jlu il`otl`obd tjlt jb

jld hbbo let`oc rodbx `outxret`nou u`oeb jb a`xut gn`obd tjb ]hlomY/ Jbjlu utltbd tjlt jb jld obqbx enii`ttbd lop letu na klxebop nx axlrdrkbot

lhutxlet`no na arodu lod tjlt sjlt jb d`d slu lt lkk iltbx`lk t`ibu s`tj`o

tjb monskbdcb na j`u urvbx`nx naa`ebxu lod `o vlxt`erklx tjb Cbobxlk

Ilolcbx/ Jb jlu utltbd tjlt tjb ilolcbibot na tjb ]hlomY axni

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

6/25

Latbx loz`nru enou`dbxlt`no+ sb jlqb xblejbd tjb enoekru`no tjlt tjb

qbxu`no na Ix Kbulcb eloont hb xbtl`obd/ Sb ulp un hbelrub sb a`od

tjlt jb jlu hbbo alhrklt`oc `o inxb tjlo nob `outloebu *u`e) knu`oc j`uvn`ub sjbo enxobxbd lod jb slu ont nokp ujrtt`oc j`u bpbu tn tjb

nhq`nru hrt jb slu lkun cknuu`oc nqbx ebxtl`o bqbotu lod vrtt`oc tjb

hklib no ntjbxu+ anxcbtt`oc tjlt jb slu tjb vbxuno xbuvnou`hkb anx tjb

dbvlxtibot enoebxobd/ Jb jlu lkun ujnso j`iubka tn hb qbxp ubkbet`qb `o

j`u xbenkkbet`no na bqbotu/ Jb jlu enib rv s`tj lousbxu sj`ej lxb

enotxld`etnxp lod dbinoutxltbu j`u c`at na vl`ot`oc l d`aabxbot v`etrxb

tjbxbhp d`utnxt`oc aletu sj`ej lxb nhq`nru buvbe`lkkp sjbo enoaxnotbd

s`tj dneribotu tjb enotbotu na sj`ej lxb ekblx lod rolih`crnru/ Sb

jlqb ebxtl`okp ont hbbo `ivxbuubd hp j`u ld olrubli ilotxl na jlq`oc

dnob lkk tjnub letu `o tjb enrxub na j`u bivknpibot rodbx `outxret`nousjbo+ ldi`ttbdkp lu `t slu ul`d+ hb`oc l ilo na ontbu+ jb jlu hbbo

`oelvlhkb tn hx`oc rv lop `outxret`nou `o sx`t`oc axni Ix VC Onbk nx

axni lop ntjbx anxibx Cbobxlk Ilolcbx drx`oc tjlt knoc vbx`nd rodbx

enou`dbxlt`no/ Sb u`ivkp dn ont hbk`bqb Ix Kbulcb lod sb obbd nokp

tn j`cjk`cjt unib na tjb bq`dboeb lod ilgnx enotxld`et`nou tn urvvnxt

nrx enoekru`no/

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

7/25

Jb lcl`o jld tn ldi`t tjlt s`tjnrt hb`oc vxnivtbd+ jb jld xbvk`bd tn tjb

@ELE tjlt tjb `dbl na u`vjno`oc naa arodu na tjb OVA.OUA neerxxbd tn

j`i+ sjbo lxnrod tjlt t`ib *iblo`oc Lrcrut

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

8/25

IX UTBVJBO7 Ip Knxd+ `a @ ilp/ @ xbeb`qbd+ nhq`nrukp+ `outxret`nou

axni ip `outxret`oc Lttnxobp///// *`otbxxrvtbd)/

TJB ENRXT7 Rokbuu+ pnrx ek`bot enib lod ulp tjlt jb dnbuo#t slot

pnr lopinxb+ tjbo tjb ntjbx `uurb s`kk ]hbY+ sjn s`kk lvvblx anx j`ihbelrub tjbub ilttbxu lxb alx hlem sjbo @ xbld tjb kbttbx/ Tjb vxnhkbi

utlxtbd `o i`dLrcrut/ Un+ i`dLrcrut tn tndlp+ l k`ttkb inxb tjlo tsn

sbbmu/ Pnrx ek`bot enrkd jlqb xbtl`obd lontjbx Enroubk/ Tjb Lttnxobp

ut`kk xbil`ou tjbxb+ `uo#t `t> X`cjt> Un> @ s`kk c`qb pnr t`ib tn tj`om lhnrt

`t lod @#kk enib hlem tn pnr/ @a pnrx ek`bot ulpu tjlt jb dnbuo#t slot pnr

tjlt#u l d`aabxbot ilttbx ons/ Pnr ubb sjlt @ iblo/

IX UTBVJBO7 Pbu+ hrt axni ip vn`ot na q`bs+ jb `u ont ankkns`oc ip

ldq`eb lod Pnrx Knxduj`vu+ @ li hnrod hp vxnabuu`nolk ubexbtu+enoa`dbot`lk`tp hrt Pnrx Knxduj`v `u lslxb lod ip ek`bot jlu+ `o alet+ vrt

rv *u`e) tjb Enrxt `otn tjb v`etrxb lod anx tjbub xblunou @ li rolhkb tn+

vxnabuu`nolkkp+ enot`orb lvvblx`oc `o tjb elub/ @ li laxl`d/ @ s`kk hb

dn`oc d`uubxq`eb tn ip ek`bot sjbxb @ ujnrkd ont enot`orb lvvblx`oc lod

ip ek`bot `u lslxb na tj`u lod tjb xblunou anx sj`ej @ jlqb `ot`iltbd tn

j`i tjlt @ s`kk hb utbvv`oc dnso axni tjb elub/

TJB ENRXT7 Pbu+ hrt tjbo pnrx dbe`u`no enrkd jlqb hbbo tlmbo tn

*`olrd`hkb) un tjlt jb `u ]`oY l ekblx vnu`t`no/ @ rodbxutlod axni tjb kbttbxjb utltbd tjlt `a bqbx pnr s`tjdxls+ jb s`kk lum anx l vnutvnobibot lod

sjbtjbx tjb Enrxt s`kk cxlot l vnutvnobibot tjltu lontjbx ilttbx ons+

x`cjt/

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

9/25

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

10/25

Tjb klttbx dneribot slu ibxbkp lo libodbd qbxu`no na tjb Lvvk`elt`no anx

Vbxi`uu`no tn Lvvblk dneribot sj`ej jld hbbo loobzbd tn tjb nx`c`olk Ont`eb na

Lvvblk/ @t xbil`obd qbxhnub lod knocs`odbd lod enotl`obd aletrlk luubxt`no lod

lxcribot xltjbx tjlo utlt`oc enoe`ubkp tjb letrlk cxnrodu na lvvblk/

88/ Jlq`oc enou`dbxbd tjb arxtjbx kbttbx lod tjb lttlejibot tjb Xbc`utxlx sxntb

lcl`o tn tjb lvvbkklot no

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

11/25

@t `u arxtjbx ult`ua`bd tjlt tjb cxnrod `dbot`a`bd `o tjb Xbc`utxlxu kbttbx na

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

12/25

20/ Tjb Enrxt xb`tbxltbu tjlt tjb x`cjt na leebuu tn tjb enrxtu uberxbd hp

Lxt`ekb 1*

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

13/25

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

14/25

55/ Inxbnqbx+ tjb ldb|rlep na urej enout`trt`nolk vxntbet`no na tjb kls lu `u

laanxdbd hp tjb lql`klh`k`tp na lo lvvblk+ lkhb`t s`tj kblqb+ tn tjb Vx`qp Enroe`k+ jlu

hbbo+ lt kblut `ivk`e`tkp+ bodnxubd hp tjb enrxtu `o Ilrx`t`ru/ @oDnilj q Tjb Grd`e`lklod Kbclk Ubxq`eb Enii`uu`no ]866

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

15/25

52/ Tjb a`olk lxcribot ldqloebd hp tjb lvvbkklot no tj`u `uurb slu tjlt jb nrcjt tn

jlqb hbbo c`qbo lo nvvnxtro`tp tn ilmb xbvxbubotlt`nou no tjb dbe`u`no tn lkkneltb tjb

jblx`oc na tj`u let`no tn l tsn grdcb enrxt/ Tjbxb `u ontj`oc `o tj`u lxcribot/ Tjb

lvvbkklot leebvtu tjlt jb enrkd jlqb ildb xbvxbubotlt`nou no tjb ilttbx lu unno lu jb

d`uenqbxbd tjlt j`u elub slu tn hb tx`bd hp tsn grdcbu/ @odbbd `t slu leebvtbd tjlt lo

lvvk`elt`no enrkd jlqb hbbo ildb tn jlqb tjb nxdbx na tjb Ej`ba Grut`eb xbqnmbd/ @o

alet+ Ix Kbulcb jld unrcjt lo ldgnrxoibot hbelrub na tjb ilco`trdb na tjb elub+

`xno`elkkp l utx`m`ockp u`i`klx enou`dbxlt`no tn nob na tjb utltrtnxp hlubu no sj`ej tjb

Ej`ba Grut`eb slu bivnsbxbd tn let rodbx ubet`no 51 na tjb

51/ Axni tjb leenrot na tjb vxnebbd`ocu no 8 Ubvtbihbx 8660 c`qbo lt vlxlu

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

16/25

5:/ @t `u ekl`ibd+ jnsbqbx+ tjlt sjbo tjb hlomu elub slu robzvbetbdkp eknubd hp

Ix X`hnt+ enroubk anx tjb hlom+ lt 5 vi no : Netnhbx 8660+ Ix Onbk jlq`oc grut

enivkbtbd j`u bq`dboeb+ Kli Ujloc Kbbo Gu vbxbivtnxp `ou`utboeb tjlt IxJrxjlocbb snrkd jlqb tn enot`orb s`tj tjb elub lt

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

17/25

IX JRXJLOCBB7 Sbkk Ip Knxd+ @ obbd lt kblut ENRXT7 Lt kblut sjlt> IX JRXJLOCBB7 @ jlqb tn jlqb l h`t na t`ib tn hxbltjb lt kblut+ Ip Knxd/ ENRXT7 Rot`k tninxxns inxo`oc pnr#qb cnt 86 jnrxu hbanxb pnr/ IX JRXJLOCBB7 Pblj hrt///

ENRXT7 86 jnrxu `u qbxp knoc+ pnr mons/ IX JRXJLOCBB7 Ip Knxd+ @ dn rodbxutlod hrt anx tjb IX JRXJLOCBB7 @ dn rodbxutlod+ Ip Knxd/ ENRXT7 X`cjt> IX JRXJLOCBB7 Hrt lt kblut anx /// ENRXT7 Sb jlqb hbbo txp`oc tn leeniindltb s`tj pnr/ Sb jlqb hbbo qbxp vlt`bot s`tj pnr/

IX JRXJLOCBB7 @ lvvxbe`ltb+ Ip Knxd/ ENRXT7 Sb jlqb c`qbo pnr t`ib/ Sb lkun jbkv pnr tn vrt |rbut`nou sjbo pnr sbxb ont un ekblx `o pnrx i`od/ IX JRXJLOCBB7 Bzletkp/ @ xblkkp lvvxbe`ltb+ Ip Knxd/

Vlcb

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

18/25

ENRXT7 Pnr#qb cnt pnrx gro`nx s`tj pnr+ pnr ujnrkd snxm/

IX JRXJLOCBB7 NM/

ENRXT7 Tninxxns inxo`oc tbo n#eknem/ @t#u bzli`olt`no `o ej`ba/ @t

s`kk hb qbxp blup/ Lkk x`cjt/

50/ Tj`u ubet`no na tjb txlouex`vt dnbu ont ilmb enianxtlhkb xbld`oc/ Enroubk slu

ont c`qbo lo nvvnxtro`tp tn dbqbknv j`u xblunou anx obbd`oc inxb t`ib tn vxbvlxb/

Nob jlu tjb d`ut`oet `ivxbuu`no tjlt tjb enrxt jld knut vlt`boeb s`tj Ix Jrxjlocbb

lod tjlt jb slu xltjbx dxlcnnobd `otn leebvt`oc tjlt jb irut vxnebbd tjb ankkns`oc

inxo`oc/ Lcl`o+ nob elo jlqb unib upivltjp s`tj tjb enrxt/ Jlq`oc xbld tjb bot`xb

txlouex`vt+ `t lvvblxu tjlt Ix Jrxjlocbb ilp ont jlqb lkslpu jld l ekblx `dbl na tjbelub tjlt jb slu ilm`oc `o exnuu bzli`olt`no/ @o enoub|rboeb+ j`u enodret na j`u

ek`botu elub lt t`ibu klembd aneru lod unsbd enoaru`no/ No neelu`nou j`u |rbut`no`oc

slu xbvbt`t`qb lod ont d`xbetkp no vn`ot/ Hrt lt tj`u utlcb na tjb jblx`oc jb slu

ubbm`oc tn bzvkl`o sjp jb obbdbd inxb t`ib tn vxbvlxb sjlt slu cn`oc tn hb l exre`lk

vlxt na tjb elub anx j`u ek`bot/ Jb nrcjt lt kblut tn jlqb hbbo c`qbo tjb ejloeb tn

bzvxbuu j`u xblunou anx obbd`oc inxb t`ib tjlo tjb enrxt slu vxbvlxbd tn lkkns/

46/ Tjb eniibot tjlt `a Ix Jrxjlocbb jld utbvvbd `otn tjb elub kltb `t slu j`u

vxnhkbi slu roanxtroltb/ Tjb `uurb lt tj`u utlcb slu ont Ix Jrxjlocbbu vbxunolk

vxbd`elibot hrt sjbtjbx tjb dbabodlotu elub enrkd hb al`xkp lod vxnvbxkp vrt `a jb

slu ont c`qbo inxb t`ib tn vxbvlxb/

4

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

19/25

Tjb enrxtu jnut`k`tp tn Ix Kbulcb lod j`u enroubk

45/ Ix Crtjx`b tnnm tjb Hnlxd tn ubqbxlk vluulcbu `o tjb xbenxd na vxnebbd`ocu `o

sj`ej+ jb ekl`ibd+ tjb enrxt d`uvklpbd nhq`nru jnut`k`tp tn Ix Kbulcb lod Ix

Jrxjlocbb/ @t snrkd ont hb jbkvark tn ubt nrt tjnub vluulcbu/ Tjb Hnlxd jluenou`dbxbd lkk na tjbi/ Tjbxb sbxb rodnrhtbdkp neelu`nou sjbo Kli Ujloc Kbbo G

slu j`cjkp ex`t`elk na Ix Jrxjlocbb lod lvvblxbd tn hb lhxrvt `o dblk`oc s`tj vkblu

anx t`ib nx rodbxutlod`oc na tjb d`aa`erkt`bu tjlt enroubk alebd/ @t lvvblxu tjlt Ix

Jrxjlocbb slu+ axni t`ib tn t`ib+ un ablxark na d`uvkblu`oc tjb enrxt tjlt jb d`d ont

lum anx ldgnrxoibotu/ Unibt`ibu+ sjbo jb d`d ilmb lo lvvk`elt`no+ jb s`tjdxbs tjb

xb|rbut hbelrub na sjlt jb uls lu tjb enrxtu loonploeb/ Tjb enrxt `outxretbd j`i tn

xbvjxlub |rbut`nou lod `o nob `outloeb jb slu tnkd tn Enib no/ Jb slu hbxltbd anx

trxo`oc j`u hlem tn tjb enrxt `o nxdbx tn ubbm j`u ek`botu `outxret`nou lod slu leerubd

na lum`oc |rbut`nou sj`ej jb d`d ont rodbxutlod/ J`u xblet`no tn irej na tj`u

ex`t`e`ui slu tn vxnaabx vxnanrod lod xbvbltbd lvnknc`bu/ Tj`u d`d ont inkk`ap tjbenrxt/ Ix Jrxjlocbb slu tnkd ont tn slutb tjb t`ib na tjb enrxt lod tjlt `a jb jld

ontj`oc tn ulp jb slu tn grut u`t dnso/ Sjbo jb tnkd tjb enrxt tjlt jb slu snxo nrt+

Kli Ujloc Kbbo G xbtnxtbd+ Sb lxb lkun snxo nrt+ dn pnr mons tjlt> Jb slu tnkd

tjlt jb jld ont vl`d jbbd tn slxo`ocu tjlt tjb enrxt jld c`qbo j`i/

44/ Tlmbo `o `unklt`no lod nrt na enotbzt+ tjbub bzejlocbu hbtsbbo Ix Jrxjlocbb

lod tjb enrxt lvvblx roubbikp lod unibsjlt dbiblo`oc tn enroubk/ Hrt tjb Hnlxd

xbenco`ubu tjlt+ `o tjb enrxub na l knoc tx`lk+ buvbe`lkkp sjbxb tjbxb jlu hbbo xbvbt`t`no

lod lo lvvlxbot knuu na d`xbet`no `o exnuu bzli`olt`no+ enroubk ilp xb|r`xb tn hbenxxbetbd a`xikp/ @t snrkd ont hb d`aa`erkt tn i`ugrdcb tjb tnob na tjb `outxret`nou

c`qbo hp tjb hboej axni l enou`dbxlt`no na tjb txlouex`vt+ s`tjnrt letrlkkp jblx`oc

jns tjb enrxt lddxbuubd enroubk/ Tjb Hnlxd `u ont vxbvlxbd tn jnkd+ no tjb hlu`u na

tjbub bzejlocbu lknob+ tjlt sjlt vluubd hbtsbbo Ix Jrxjlocbb lod tjb enrxt snrkd

`obq`tlhkp vxndreb tjb lvvblxloeb na roal`xobuu nx h`lu/ Noeb lcl`o+ jnsbqbx+ tjbp

irut hb enou`dbxbd `o enih`olt`no s`tj ntjbx ilttbxu `o lo nqbxlkk luubuuibot na

sjbtjbx urej lo lvvblxloeb slu exbltbd/

Tjb lvvblxloeb na h`lu nx roal`xobuu

42/ Dbuv`tb jlq`oc xbeb`qbd l kbttbx axni Ix Kbulcb enotl`o`oc dbtl`ku na tjb

ldq`eb tjlt j`u enroubk jld c`qbo j`i tn ubttkb tjb elub+ tjb grdcbu d`d ont xl`ub s`tj

enroubk tjb |rbut`no na sjbtjbx `t slu vxnvbx tjlt tjbp ujnrkd enot`orb tn enodret tjb

tx`lk/ Tjbxb lxb tsn vnuu`hkb bzvklolt`nou anx tj`u/ Tjb a`xut `u tjlt `t obqbx neerxxbd

tn tjb grdcbu tjlt tjb vnuu`h`k`tp na tjb lvvblxloeb na vxbgrd`eb nx roal`xobuu lxnub/

Tjb ubenod vnuu`h`k`tp `u tjlt tjbp sbxb lkbxt tn tjb alet tjlt tjb `oanxilt`no tjlt tjbp

jld xbeb`qbd clqb x`ub tn l u`trlt`no na vnuu`hkb lvvlxbot h`lu nx roal`xobuu hrt

dbe`dbd ont tn xl`ub `t/ Tjb Hnlxd enou`dbxu tjlt tjb a`xut na tjbub `u `ojbxbotkp inxb

k`mbkp/

Vlcb

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

20/25

41/ @o Vnxtbx q Ilc`kk ]866

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

21/25

2 @o tjb Hnlxdu q`bs+ `t u `obq`tlhkb tjlt jb nx ujb

snrkd enoekrdb tjlt tjb enrxt slu ont lkbxt tn tjb obbd anx q`c`kloeb tn bourxb tjlt tj`u

`oanxilt`no d`d ont jlqb lo ro`otbodbd baabet no `tu q`bs na tjb exbd`h`k`tp na tjb

lvvbkklotu elub/ @t ankknsu tjlt tjb vnuu`h`k`tp tjlt tjb grdcbu snrkd hb `oakrboebd tn

l urhenoue`nru d`uvnu`t`no lcl`out tjb lvvbkklotu elub slu `obuelvlhkb/

25/ Tjlt enoekru`no `u xb`oanxebd hp enou`dbxlt`no na tjb slp `o sj`ej tjb tx`lk

slu enodretbd lod tjb iloobx `o sj`ej+ `o `tu grdcibot+ tjb enrxt d`ui`uubd tjb

lvvbkklotu dbaboeb lu rosnxtjp na hbk`ba/ Tjb Hnlxd jlu lkxbldp nhubxqbd tjlt tjbxbarulk tn ldgnrxo tjb tx`lk lod tjb bzejlocbu hbtsbbo enroubk lod tjb enrxt snrkd

ont+ na tjbiubkqbu+ obebuulx`kp c`qb x`ub tn tjb lvvblxloeb na h`lu lod roal`xobuu/ Hrt

sjbo tjbp lxb enou`dbxbd lcl`out tjb hlemcxnrod tjlt tjb enrxt slu dblk`oc s`tj l

dbabodlot sjn+ lu tjb enrxt mobs+ jld xbarubd tn leebvt enroubku utxnoc ldq`eb+ l

d`aabxbot v`etrxb bibxcbu/ Mons`oc tjlt tjb enrxt jld hbbo tnkd+ na tj`u lod tjlt tjb

grdcbu jld ont bqbo enou`dbxbd sjbtjbx `t slu lvvxnvx`ltb anx tjbi tn enot`orb tn

jblx tjb elub+ tjb `oanxibd nhubxqbx enrkd ont lqn`d tjb enoekru`no tjlt tjb slp `o

sj`ej tjb elub slu enodretbd slu lt kblut `od`elt`qb na l vnuu`hkb klem na enivkbtb

`ivlxt`lk`tp no tjb vlxt na tjb enrxt/ Tjlt enoekru`no snrkd jlqb hbbo xbodbxbd bqbo

inxb rolqn`dlhkb hp l enou`dbxlt`no na tjb enrxtu q`bs lhnrt sjlt `t dbuex`hbd lutjb inut dlio`oc v`beb na bq`dboeb lcl`out Ix Kbulcb/

24/ Tjb vluulcb axni tjb grdcibot sj`ej dblkt s`tj tj`u `uurb `u |rntbd lt vlxl

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

22/25

22/ @t `u obebuulxp tn enou`dbx elxbarkkp tjb xbenxd na vxnebbd`ocu sjbxb tj`u

bq`dboeb slu c`qbo `o nxdbx tn bzli`ob sjbtjbx tjb slp `o sj`ej tjb enoebuu`no

slu ildb lod tjb enoekru`no xblejbd no `t `o tjb grdcibot c`qbu x`ub tn tjb

lvvblxloeb na h`lu nx roal`xobuu/ Tjb bq`dboeb slu c`qbo no

L/ On+ tjb unrxeb slu ip nso `o`t`lt`qb/ Tjb `outxret`nou elib axni

ip urvbx`nxu/

\/ @ vrt `t tn pnr tjlt `o tjb utltbibot tjlt pnr clqb tn @ELE+ pnr

leebvtbd tjlt `t slu nrt na pnrx nso `o`t`lt`qb>

L/ On/

\/ On>

L/ Tjb `o`t`lt`qb///// *`otbxxrvtbd)

\/ @ vrt tjb |rbut`no lod pnr#kk lousbx>

L/ Pbu/

\/ Tjb |rbut`no sj`ej slu vrt tn pnr enoebxo`oc tjb OVA.OUA leenrot`u lu ankknsu7

Sbxb pnr let`oc rodbx `outxret`nou sjbo pnr a`xut tnnm arodu axni

OVA.OUA a`zbd dbvnu`t leenrot>

lod pnrx lousbx `u7

Vlcb 8

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

23/25

On/ @ d`d `t no ip nso `o`t`lt`qb/ Tjb `dbl tn rub tjb OVA.OUA a`zbd

dbvnu`t leenrotu neerxxbd tn ib sjbo lxnrod tjlt t`ib @ xbeb`qbd tjb

vjnob elkk axni kltb Ix Dbbvolxl`o Ilool sjn slu tjb A`oloe`lk

Ubexbtlxp lod lkun Ejl`xilo na tjb OVA @oqbutibot Enii`ttbb

xb|rbut`oc ib tn ilmb l txlouabx na Xu/

L/ @ ul`d `t tn tjb @ELE+ lcl`o vrtt`oc `t `o vxnvbx vbxuvbet`qb/ @t slu tjb

unrxeb sj`ej slu ip `o`t`lt`qb/ Ntjbxs`ub+ tjb vlttbxo slu l A`oloe`oc

uejbib//// *`otbxxrvtbd)/

ENRXT7 Ix Kbulcb+ tjb |rbut`no vrt tn pnr `u7

D`d pnr ulp tjlt tn tjb @ELE>

Tjb lousbx `a pbu tjlt#u tjb bod na tjb ilttbx/ X`cjt> Pnr eloont cn no

tbkk`oc tj`u lod tj`u lod tjlt/ @a tj`u `u ont anrod `o pnrx utltbibot+ kbt Ix

Jrxjlocbb+ `o xbbzli`olt`no+ txp tn vrt `t ekblx/ Tjb |rbut`no `u vrt tn

pnr+ pnr lousbx tn tjlt |rbut`no/

21/ @t ubbiu axni tjbub bzejlocbu tjlt Ix Kbulcb slu lttbivt`oc tn d`ut`ocr`uj

hbtsbbo let`oc no j`u nso `o`t`lt`qb `o `dbot`ap`oc tjb unrxeb na tjb arodu hrt tjlt `o

tlm`oc tjb arodu axni tjb leenrot jb slu let`oc no `outxret`nou/ Hrt jb slu ont

vbxi`ttbd tn dbqbknv j`u lousbx `o nxdbx tn ilmb tjlt vn`ot/ Tj`u slu ex`t`elk/ Tjb

grdcibot enoekrdbu tjlt Ix Kbulcb letbd tjxnrcjnrt tjb txloulet`no no j`u nso

`o`t`lt`qb lod tjlt tjbxb slu on `ovrt sjltbqbx axni j`u urvbx`nxu/ Tjb elub tjlt jb

s`ujbd tn ilmb slu tjlt tj`u d`d ont xbvxbubot l vxnvbx rodbxutlod`oc na tjb txrb

vnu`t`no/ Tjb Hnlxd `u ult`ua`bd tjlt tjb lvvbkklot ujnrkd jlqb hbbo lkknsbd tn

bklhnxltb j`u lousbx lod tjlt jb ujnrkd ont jlqb hbbo enoa`obd tn l pbu nx on

xbuvnoub/ @o xbaru`oc tn vbxi`t j`i tn dn un+ tjb enrxt exbltbd tjb lvvblxloeb naroal`xobuu lod h`lu/

L xbtx`lk>

23/ @t i`cjt hb ul`d tjlt tjb exblt`no na lo lvvblxloeb na roal`xobuu nx h`lu nsbd

irej tn tjb let`nou na Ix Kbulcb j`iubka `o ubod`oc tjb kbttbx tn tjb enrxt `o ldqloeb

na tjb tx`lk/ @t `u lkun tn hb nhubxqbd tjlt jb d`d ont lum tjb grdcbu tn xberub

tjbiubkqbu lt lop utlcb na tjb vxnebbd`ocu/

Vlcb 88

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

24/25

@o enoub|rboeb l xbtx`lk+ `a nxdbxbd ons+ s`kk `oqnkqb enou`dbxlhkb `oenoqbo`boeb tn

tjb vlxt`bu lod s`tobuubu lod s`kk `oqnkqb l urhutlot`lk dbilod no enrxt xbunrxebu/

Ujnrkd tjbub ilttbxu jlqb lop vlxt tn vklp `o tjb Hnlxdu dbe`u`no lu tn sjbtjbx tjbxb

ujnrkd hb l xbtx`lk>

2:/ @t `u ekblx tjlt tjbxb elo hb on |rbut`no na sl`qbx no tjb vlxt na tjb lvvbkklot hp

xbluno na j`u al krxb tn lum tjb grdcbu tn xberub tjbiubkqbu/ Tj`u snrkd xb|r`xb l

qnkrotlxp bkbet`no no j`u vlxt ont tn xl`ub lo nhgbet`no tn tjb grdcbu jblx`oc tjb elub/

Tjlt bkbet`no snrkd lkun jlqb tn hb `oanxibd lod rob|r`qnelk ubb I`kklx q D`emuno

]866

7/30/2019 JCPC 2011 0027 Judgment

25/25

16/ Tjb Hnlxd bodnxubu tj`u lvvxnlej/ Sjbxb tjb lvvblxloeb na roal`xobuu nx h`lu

jlu hbbo butlhk`ujbd+ nxdbx`oc l obs tx`lk axbb axni tjb tl`ot na tjlt ilo`abutlt`no `u

rolqn`dlhkb/ Tjb Hnlxd s`kk tjbxbanxb lkkns tjb lvvblk+ |rluj tjb dbe`u`no na tjb

Urvxbib Enrxt lod d`xbet tjlt l xbtx`lk tlmb vkleb hbanxb l d`aabxbotkp enout`trtbd

enrxt/

Vlcb 84