Beddit Nouf Almeshari, Muneera Albahar, Fatemah Alawadhi, Gana Jargalsaikhan ITEC 200.
Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma...
-
Upload
vance-mellow -
Category
Documents
-
view
220 -
download
3
Transcript of Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma...
![Page 1: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT
Traversal
Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker
Suman Banerjee
Department of Computer SciencesDepartment of Computer Sciences
University of Wisconsin-MadisonUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison
![Page 2: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Outline
Problem
Overview of ANT
Component Details
Evaluation
Summary
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 3: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Typical NAT scenario
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 4: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Typical NAT scenario
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Problem : Setting up a direct connection between NATed clients across different LANs.
Problem : Setting up a direct connection between NATed clients across different LANs.
![Page 5: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Scenario
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Client A Client B
Laptop
Cellular Phones
![Page 6: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Goal
Create a direct end to end connection between any 2 NATed clients.
Use no third party intermediate node.
Can be used as a building block by applications.
e.g. : Direct Transfer of Large Files, Chat etc.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 7: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Issues
Identify internal and external IP/port information.
Common Solutions : Modify router configuration (Port Mapping), use external relay servers etc.
Cumbersome for lay users to deal with NAT traversal
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 8: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Solution??
ANT….
A system for Audio signaling based NAT Traversal.
Uses an ordinary phone connection as an “out of band” mechanism for NAT traversal.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 9: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Outline
Problem
Overview of ANT
Component Details
Evaluation
Summary
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 10: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
ANT in action
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Step 1 : Setup a phone connection.Step 1 : Setup a phone connection.
Client A Client B
![Page 11: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
ANT in action
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Step 1 : Setup a phone connection.Step 1 : Setup a phone connection.
Client A Client B
![Page 12: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
ANT in action
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Step 1 : Setup a phone connection.Step 1 : Setup a phone connection.
Client A Client B
![Page 13: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ANT in action
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Step 2 : A obtains configuration information for NAT traversal from its UPnP enabled router.
Step 2 : A obtains configuration information for NAT traversal from its UPnP enabled router.
Client A Client B
NAT Router
Internal IP:Port : 10.0.0.3:6000
Configuration Info :-External IP:Mapped port : 128.32.12.3:54678
![Page 14: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ANT in action
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Step 3 : A encodes configuration data into audio signals.
Step 3 : A encodes configuration data into audio signals.
Client A Client B
NAT Router
10101001……
![Page 15: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
ANT in action
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Step 4 : Sound is transferred from A’s laptop to A’s phone,
then from B’s phone to B’s laptop.
Step 4 : Sound is transferred from A’s laptop to A’s phone,
then from B’s phone to B’s laptop.
Client A Client B
NAT Router
![Page 16: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
ANT in action
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Step 4 : Sound is transferred from A’s laptop to A’s phone,
then from B’s phone to B’s laptop.
Step 4 : Sound is transferred from A’s laptop to A’s phone,
then from B’s phone to B’s laptop.
Client A Client B
NAT Router
![Page 17: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
ANT in action
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Step 4 : Sound is transferred from A’s laptop to A’s phone,
then from B’s phone to B’s laptop.
Step 4 : Sound is transferred from A’s laptop to A’s phone,
then from B’s phone to B’s laptop.
Client A Client B
NAT Router
![Page 18: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
ANT in action
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Step 5 : B decodes audio, corrects errors and gets the data back.
Step 5 : B decodes audio, corrects errors and gets the data back.
Client A Client B
NAT Router
10101001……
![Page 19: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
ANT in action
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Step 6 : Setup a direct Peer to Peer (P2P) connection.Step 6 : Setup a direct Peer to Peer (P2P) connection.
Client A Client B
NAT Router
NAT Router
![Page 20: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Outline
Problem
Overview of ANT
Component Details
Evaluation
Summary
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 21: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
ANT Components
Port Mapping at Client A.
Encoding/decoding audio signals.
Synchronizing encoder/decoder.
Noise filtering.
Error Correction.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 22: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
NAT Traversal
NATed machines can only make outgoing connections directly.
NAT traversal requires internal-external IP/Port Mapping.
UPnP helps here.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 23: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
UPnP for NAT traversal
Standard interface and widely available in Internet Gateway Devices (IGD) for the purpose of mapping ports to clients.
Retrieves the external IP address device.
Can add/remove port mappings.
We use Java Library for UPnP to create a port mapping for ANT.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 24: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Data to Audio Conversion
Modulate binary data to audio signals.
Keying techniques ASK : Amplitude Shift Keying PSK : Pulse Shift Keying FSK : Frequency Shift Keying
We use a technique analogous to FSK.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 25: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Audio Frequencies
Human audible frequency range : 20Hz to 20,000Hz.
Laptop soundcards work well between 800Hz to 9000Hz.
Phone soundcards work well between 1000Hz to 4000Hz.
We used the range 1200Hz – 3100Hz.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 26: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Encoding Scheme
We group consecutive bits into symbols.
Use 1 unique frequency per symbol.
Symbol Size = N bits.
Unique frequencies required = 2N.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 27: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Encoding Scheme
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Symbol Size : 8 bits
e.g. : 1001011
------- 1200Hz------- 1230Hz
.
.
.------- 8820Hz------- 8850Hz
256 frequencies
![Page 28: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Encoding Scheme
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Symbol Size : 8 bits
e.g. : 1001011
------- 1200Hz------- 1230Hz
.
.
.------- 8820Hz------- 8850Hz
256 frequencies
Requires a band of 7650 Hz for 256 unique frequencies separated by 30 Hz.
Requires a band of 7650 Hz for 256 unique frequencies separated by 30 Hz.
![Page 29: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Encoding Scheme
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Symbol Size : 4 bits
e.g. : 1001
------- 1200Hz------- 1250Hz
.
.
.------- 1900Hz------- 1950Hz
16 frequencies
Easily fits within the frequency band available.Easily fits within the frequency band available.
![Page 30: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Synchronization
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Problem :-Detect start and end of the audio transmission.
Problem :-Detect start and end of the audio transmission.
![Page 31: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Synchronization
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Problem :-Detect start and end of the audio transmission.
Problem :-Detect start and end of the audio transmission.
Solution :-Use a preamble/postamble for each transmission.
Solution :-Use a preamble/postamble for each transmission.
![Page 32: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Synchronization
Detect start of transmission.
Similar to “preamble” in wireless networks.
Also used to infer timing information.
2 synchronization frequencies for start.
1 synchronization frequency for end.Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 33: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Synchronization
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 34: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Synchronization
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 35: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Synchronization
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 36: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Synchronization
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 37: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Distinguish Consecutive Symbols Consecutive symbols can be same.
Need to distinguish between them.
One solution : Use a separation beep.
Problem : Halves the data rate.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 38: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Distinguish Consecutive Symbols Our Solution : Use two non-
overlapping frequency bands.
Transmit consecutive symbols in alternating bands.
Much easier to decode symbols.
ANT uses two separate bands of 16 frequencies (< 2000 Hz).
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 39: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Decoding Audio Symbols
Synchronization to detect start of transmission.
Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on captured audio samples.
Noise Filtering : Discard noise away from relevant frequencies (F – 15Hz to F + 15Hz) and below certain amplitude.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 40: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Error Correction
Handle errors/erasures during transmission/reception.
ANT uses Forward Error Correction (FEC).
FEC avoids a back-channel.
ANT uses Reed-Solomon codes in GF(16).
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 41: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Putting the pieces together…
Use UPnP to setup a port mapping at Client A.
Client A transmits mapping via the out-of-band audio channel to Client B.
Client B decodes audio signals to obtain mapping.
Client B connects to Client A.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 42: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Putting the pieces together…
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Client A Client B
NAT Router
NAT Router
![Page 43: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Other applications of ANT
Password Transfer.
Product Key exchange.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 44: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Outline
Problem
Overview of ANT
Component Details
Evaluation
Summary
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 45: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Evaluation
Tested ANT with a variety of devices (laptops, phones).
Environments No or Light Noise : Quiet Conference Room.
Medium Noise : Offices, homes.
Heavy Noise : Compute Lab (Background noise).
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 46: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Experiment 1
Clients A and B are in quiet environments.
Used different combinations of phones.
Tested ANT 4-6 times for each combination.
Reported the overall success rate.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 47: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Results : Experiment 1
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 48: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Results : Experiment 1
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
- ANT performed really well in the presence of little or no noise.
- Failures occurred due to a bad speaker in the Sony phone.
- ANT performed really well in the presence of little or no noise.
- Failures occurred due to a bad speaker in the Sony phone.
![Page 49: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Experiment 2
First client is a heavy noise environment.
Second client in a light/medium noise environment.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 50: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Results : Experiment 2
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 51: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Results : Experiment 2
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
- Errors/erasures caused by noise cause a few failures.- Success rate still above 66% in all cases.- Errors/erasures caused by noise cause a few failures.- Success rate still above 66% in all cases.
![Page 52: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Experiment 3 (Speak Test)
Human speakers present near laptop with 4 scenarios :
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
Scenario Client A Client B
Scenario 1 (S1) Speaking with soft voice
Quiet, no/light background
noise
Scenario 2 (S2) Speaking with loud voice
Quiet, no/light background
noise
Scenario 3 (S3) Speaking with soft voice
Quiet, heavy background
noise
Scenario 4 (S4) Speaking with loud voice
Quiet, heavy background
noise
![Page 53: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Results : Experiment 3
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 54: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Results : Experiment 3
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
- Human voice causes some problems for ANT.- 2-3 attempts enough to establish a connection in
most cases.
- Human voice causes some problems for ANT.- 2-3 attempts enough to establish a connection in
most cases.
![Page 55: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Playing Background Music…
Cause major problems to ANT.
Music generates a vast range of frequencies.
Interferes with ANT by inserting spurious symbols into audio transmissions.
Causes problems for the decoder.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 56: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Outline
Problem
Overview of ANT
Component Details
Evaluation
Summary
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 57: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Summary
UPnP is easily available and provides a standard interface for port mapping.
Short Audio transmission (few seconds).
Out-of-band audio mechanism for NAT traversal works well is most scenarios.
Can also use audio mechanism for short, robust and secure data transmissions.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 58: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
ANT Demo.
A demo video demonstrating ANT is available at :-
http://www.cs.wisc.edu/wings/projects/ant
Link also available in the paper.
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011
![Page 59: Jan 8, 2011COMSNETS 2011 ANT : A System for Audio Signaling Based NAT Traversal Ashish Patro Yadi Ma Fatemah Panahi Jordan Walker Suman Banerjee Department.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/55175fda55034645368b46b8/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Thank you.
Questions ?
Jan 8, 2011 COMSNETS 2011