Jacksonian Jacksonian DemocracyDemocracy

What have historians called What have historians called the period in American history the period in American history

from 1824 to 1850?from 1824 to 1850?

• The “Age of the Common The “Age of the Common Man”Man”

• The Jacksonian EraThe Jacksonian Era

WhatWhat change occurred in the change occurred in the political life of the American political life of the American

nation during the Age of nation during the Age of Jackson?Jackson?

• Popular participation in Popular participation in state and national politics state and national politics increased.increased.

WhatWhat three factors contributed to three factors contributed to increased political participation increased political participation

after the War of 1812?after the War of 1812?

• More people got the right to More people got the right to votevote

• Westward expansionWestward expansion

• The The riserise of sectional interests of sectional interests

What are two other terms What are two other terms that mean the right to vote?that mean the right to vote?

• The franchiseThe franchise

• SuffrageSuffrage

How did Andrew Jackson How did Andrew Jackson represent this new represent this new

“democratic spirit”?“democratic spirit”?

• Moved WestMoved West

• Worked hard and became richWorked hard and became rich

• Fought IndiansFought Indians

• Was a self-made manWas a self-made man

• Entered politics and became Entered politics and became presidentpresident

What four things What four things characterized the characterized the

changing nature of changing nature of American politics during American politics during

the Age of Jackson?the Age of Jackson?

• Political equality for adult Political equality for adult white maleswhite males

• Increased voter participationIncreased voter participation

• A different style of A different style of campaigningcampaigning

• Rise of interest group Rise of interest group politics and sectional politics and sectional politicspolitics

Define suffrage.Define suffrage.

•The right to voteThe right to vote

What was universal white What was universal white manhood suffrage?manhood suffrage?

• All adult white males All adult white males could vote.could vote.

What two voting requirements What two voting requirements were eliminated during the were eliminated during the

Age of Jackson?Age of Jackson?

• Religious qualificationReligious qualification

• Property qualificationProperty qualification

What kinds of campaign What kinds of campaign techniques did both techniques did both

political parties begin to political parties begin to use during the use during the

Jacksonian period?Jacksonian period?

• Party newspapersParty newspapers

• Campaign songsCampaign songs

• Political clubsPolitical clubs

• SpeechesSpeeches

• Campaign ralliesCampaign rallies

• ParadesParades

• PicnicsPicnics

• BanquetsBanquets

What political party What political party disappeared in the disappeared in the

1820s?1820s?

• Federalist PartyFederalist Party

Into what two political Into what two political parties did the Democratic-parties did the Democratic-

Republican Party split during Republican Party split during the 1820s?the 1820s?

• The DemocratsThe Democrats

• The WhigsThe Whigs

Who led the Who led the Whig Party?Whig Party?

•Henry ClayHenry Clay

What nativist third party What nativist third party was organized in the was organized in the

early 1850s?early 1850s?

• The Know-NothingsThe Know-Nothings

Define nativism.Define nativism.

• Hostility to Hostility to immigrantsimmigrants

What pledge did the What pledge did the Know-Nothings take?Know-Nothings take?

• Would not support any Would not support any Roman Catholics or Roman Catholics or immigrants who ran for immigrants who ran for officeoffice

In which states did the Know-In which states did the Know-Nothing Party win the most Nothing Party win the most

elections?elections?

• States with large Irish States with large Irish Catholic and German Catholic and German immigrant populationsimmigrant populations

What did President What did President Jackson use to reward his Jackson use to reward his

political supporters?political supporters?

•The spoils systemThe spoils system

What was the What was the spoils system?spoils system?

• The practice of an elected The practice of an elected official giving government official giving government jobs to his political jobs to his political supporterssupporters

What was the major What was the major criticism of the criticism of the spoils system?spoils system?

• It failed to give It failed to give government jobs to the government jobs to the most qualified people.most qualified people.

Was President Andrew Was President Andrew Jackson for or against Jackson for or against the Second Bank of the the Second Bank of the

United States?United States?

•Against the BUSAgainst the BUS

What action did President What action did President Jackson take in 1832 on Jackson take in 1832 on

the bill to recharter the bill to recharter the BUS?the BUS?

• Vetoed the bank recharter Vetoed the bank recharter billbill

What is a What is a presidential veto?presidential veto?

• The power given to the The power given to the President by the President by the Constitution to reject a bill Constitution to reject a bill passed by Congresspassed by Congress

How did Jackson’s veto How did Jackson’s veto of the bank recharter bill of the bank recharter bill differ from all previous differ from all previous presidential vetoes?presidential vetoes?

• It was the first presidential It was the first presidential veto veto NOTNOT based solely on based solely on constitutional grounds.constitutional grounds.

• Previous presidents had Previous presidents had only vetoed bills that they only vetoed bills that they thought were thought were unconstitutional.unconstitutional.

A presidential veto is part of A presidential veto is part of what constitutional system?what constitutional system?

• Checks and Balances Checks and Balances SystemSystem

What precedent was set What precedent was set by Jackson’s bank veto?by Jackson’s bank veto?

• A president can veto A president can veto any bill he does not any bill he does not like.like.

What institution’s power What institution’s power did President Jackson did President Jackson

destroy during his destroy during his second term?second term?

• The Second Bank of the The Second Bank of the United StatesUnited States

What was the most What was the most important sectional important sectional

incident during incident during Jackson’s Jackson’s

administration?administration?

• The Nullification Crisis

What is a tariff?What is a tariff?

•A tax on importsA tax on imports

What did the Tariff of What did the Tariff of 1832 do?1832 do?

• Set high taxes on Set high taxes on imported goodsimported goods

What did it mean for a What did it mean for a state to nullify a state to nullify a

federal law?federal law?

• Void itVoid it• Wipe it outWipe it out• The federal law would no The federal law would no

longer exist In that state.longer exist In that state.

What actions did South What actions did South Carolina take to oppose the Carolina take to oppose the

Tariff of 1832?Tariff of 1832?

• Nullified the Tariff of 1832Nullified the Tariff of 1832

• Threatened to secede Threatened to secede from the Unionfrom the Union

How did nullification threaten How did nullification threaten the power of the federal the power of the federal

government?government?

• If state governments could If state governments could nullify any federal law they nullify any federal law they disliked, the U.S. government disliked, the U.S. government would be unable to enforce its would be unable to enforce its laws throughout the entire laws throughout the entire nation.nation.

How did President Jackson How did President Jackson view South Carolina’s view South Carolina’s

nullification of the nullification of the Tariff of 1832?Tariff of 1832?

• As a threat to the future of As a threat to the future of the federal governmentthe federal government

• Placed the future of the U.S. Placed the future of the U.S. government in dangergovernment in danger

What action did President What action did President Jackson threaten to take in Jackson threaten to take in

response to South Carolina’s response to South Carolina’s nullification of the tariff?nullification of the tariff?

• Send federal troops to Send federal troops to South Carolina to South Carolina to collect the tariffcollect the tariff

During the Nullification During the Nullification Crisis, what position did Crisis, what position did President Jackson take?President Jackson take?

• Stood firmly for federal Stood firmly for federal authority over the authority over the statesstates

During the Nullification During the Nullification Crisis, what position did Crisis, what position did

South Carolina take?South Carolina take?

• Stood firmly for Stood firmly for states’ rightsstates’ rights

How was the How was the Nullification Crisis Nullification Crisis resolved (ended)?resolved (ended)?

• Congress passed a Congress passed a compromise tariff billcompromise tariff bill

What group of Americans What group of Americans was hurt by the reforms of was hurt by the reforms of Jacksonian democracy?Jacksonian democracy?

• American IndiansAmerican Indians

What president What president proposed the Indian proposed the Indian

Removal Act?Removal Act?

• Andrew JacksonAndrew Jackson

What did the Indian What did the Indian Removal Act do?Removal Act do?

• Moved Southeastern Moved Southeastern Indians to a new Indian Indians to a new Indian Territory in OklahomaTerritory in Oklahoma

What Indian tribes did the What Indian tribes did the Indian Removal Act move Indian Removal Act move

west?west?

• CherokeesCherokees

• CreeksCreeks

• ChoctawsChoctaws

• ChickasawsChickasaws

• SeminolesSeminoles

What does one call the forced What does one call the forced journey of Cherokee Indians journey of Cherokee Indians

from their homes in Georgia to from their homes in Georgia to a new Indian Territory in what a new Indian Territory in what

is now Oklahoma?is now Oklahoma?

• The Trail of TearsThe Trail of Tears

What happened to nearly What happened to nearly one-fourth of the one-fourth of the

Cherokees on the Cherokees on the Trail of Tears?Trail of Tears?

•They died.They died.

During what historical During what historical period did the women’s period did the women’s rights movement start?rights movement start?

•The Jacksonian The Jacksonian EraEra

What was the main goal What was the main goal of the women’s rights of the women’s rights

movement?movement?

• Equal rightsEqual rights

• Especially the right to Especially the right to votevote

Where did the women’s Where did the women’s rights movement begin?rights movement begin?

• Seneca Falls, New YorkSeneca Falls, New York

What right for women did What right for women did the Seneca Falls the Seneca Falls

Declaration support?Declaration support?

• Women’s suffrage (the Women’s suffrage (the right to vote)right to vote)

Who were two of the most Who were two of the most important leaders of the important leaders of the

women’s suffrage women’s suffrage movement?movement?

• Susan B. AnthonySusan B. Anthony

• Elizabeth Cady Elizabeth Cady StantonStanton