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A Geographically-Broad Assessment of Rangeland Ecosystem Services Shannon White,[email protected] J. Habib, and Dan FarrAlberta Biodiversity Monitoring InstituteUniversity of Alberta
Its Our Nature to KnowAlberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute1
A Geographically-Broad Assessment of Rangeland Ecosystem Services Shannon White,[email protected] J. Habib, and Dan FarrAlberta Biodiversity Monitoring InstituteUniversity of Alberta
Its Our Nature to KnowAlberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute2Ecosystem services
Dont forget little intro. 3Rangelands provide all these services (and more)
Forage productionCarbon storagePollinationWater filtration & storageSpecies at riskBiodiversity ES in AB RangelandsAB has twice the remaining untilled prairie than the US Conversion continuesCurrent market doesnt account for ESNew markets for ranchers
Great oppurtunity to provide and capiitilze from ES. Say that this extends to SK too 5Status of RangelandLess than half of rangeland in good condition (Prairie Agricultural Landscapes, AAFC)Potential to better manage rangelandsEspecially if there is incentive
Easy to talk about ES in abstract terms, harder in quantiative terms6Status of RangelandLess than half of rangeland in good condition (Prairie Agricultural Landscapes, AAFC)Potential to better manage rangelandsEspecially if there is incentive
Easy to talk about ES in abstract terms, harder in quantiative terms7Ecosystem Services Assessment ProjectDevelop detailed, spatially-explicit models to measure and map these focal ES across Alberta, as well as how they change with land management activitiesPart of a province-wide initiative led by AIBio, the Ecosystem Services Research and Innovation RoadmapWill further incorporate this knowledge into market-based instruments
Quantifying ESWater purificationPollinationBiodiversityCarbon storageForage productionTimber production
Quantifying ESWater purificationPollinationBiodiversityCarbon storageForage productionTimber productionBeta release March 2014Open source; open data
Water purification
Track water flow using DEMWater picks up sediment based on landcover/ land-useTrack sediment depositionDetermine important upslope source areas for points of interest (e.g. cities, recreational lakes)
Water flow model, based on digital elevation model. Water rains down based on precipitation data, flows downhill.Sediment generation (erosion) is based on universal soil loss equation, influenced by landcover (i.e. ABMI HF and veg maps)Sediment is deposited as water continues to move downstream (|total suspended solids N and P)Pick points of interest (in this case, Edmonton) and you can trace the upslope areas where sediment came from (i.e. where you want to target management). In the zoomed-in map, darker red = places supplying Edmonton with more sediment.
11Pollination
Map canola fields
Pollination
Map canola fieldsMap bee habitat
Pollination
Map canola fieldsMap bee habitatUse field studies to understand contribution of bees to canola production
PollinationMap canola fieldsMap bee habitatUse field studies to understand contribution of bees to canola productionDetermine $/ha
Biodiversity (ABMI)Monitor species abundance and habitat across province
Biodiversity
Monitor species abundance and habitat across province Develop detailed maps of land cover & useBiodiversityMonitor species abundance and habitat across province Develop detailed maps of land cover & use Develop statistical relationships between land use and observed species
BiodiversityMonitor species abundance and habitat across province Use detailed map of land useDevelop statistical relationships between land use and observed speciesUse these relationships to predict biodiversity Intactness across province
Forage production & Carbon storageUses CENTURY ecosystem modelSoil Organic MatterPlant ProductionHydrologicalNutrient CyclingManagement and events
Colorado state universitysoil organic matter/ decomposition submodel, a water budget model, a grassland/cropsubmodel, a forest production submodel, and management and events scheduling functions 20Forage production & Carbon storage
Uses CENTURY modelBased on soil, climate & land cover dataAgricultural Region of Alberta Soil Inventory DatabaseClimateWNA: A program to generate high-resolution climate data
21Forage production & Carbon storage
Uses CENTURY modelBased on soil, climate & land cover dataRun model for each Agrasid polygonI century illinois state uni22Forage production & Carbon storageUses CENTURY modelBased on soil, climate & land cover dataRun model for each Agrasid polygonLink results to GIS (native grassland)
Results: Carbon Modelling = 87 tonnes C/ha
Total Soil C (tonnes/ha) 15 per tonne 4785 $ /ha in carbon storage24Results: Carbon Modelling = 87 tonnes C/ha = 319 tonnes CO2/ha
Total Soil C (tonnes/ha) 15 per tonne 4785 $ /ha in carbon storage25Results: Carbon Modelling = 87 tonnes C/ha = 319 tonnes CO2/ha
Total Soil C (tonnes/ha) 15 per tonne 4785 $ /ha in carbon storage26
Results: Forage Modelling
= 2391 kg/ha Available Forage (kg/ha/yr)
Results: Forage Modelling
= 2391 kg/ha Available Forage (kg/ha/yr) Value? $60/tonne?$143/ha/yr3CaveatPreliminary resultsModelling BenefitsDrawbacksCENTURY is well used modelBut need model validation
What questions can we ask?Large spatial extent: what is the value?Effect of land use/managementConversion of prairie to croplandAdjusting grazing intensityTrade-offs between multiple ESHow will climate change affect ES?Scaling down
ScorecardsFor a region, or industryScenario modellingMarket-based instruments i.e. Conservation offsetsPayment for ecosystem services
Applications
marketingCarbon Credits for Grassland
>4X C in soil than atmosphereCarbon Credits for Grassland
Accounting based off CENTURY modelMany more ES
AcknowledgementsFunders:
Collaborators: