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Transcript of Itnv51 Stundent-ppt Ch3
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Introduction to Networks v5.1
Chapter 3:Network Protocols andCommunications
Instructor Name: Touch Ra26,March 2016
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2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2
3.0 Introduction
3.1 Rules of Communication
3.2 Network Protocols and
Standards3.3 Data Transfer in the Network
3.4 Summary
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Cisco Public 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 4
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Human Communication
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Computer Communication
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Human Communication
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Computer Communication
The source host breaks a long message into individual pieces or frames
that meet both the minimum and maximum size requirements. Each frame will also have its own addressing information.
At the receiving host, the pieces are reconstructed to be processed andinterpreted.
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Rules of engagement:
Access Method
Flow Control
Response Timeout
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Cisco Public 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 20
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The role of protocols
How the message is formatted or structured
The process by which networking devices share information aboutpathways with other networks
How and when error and system messages are passed betweendevices
The setup and termination of data transfer sessions
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Interaction of protocols in communication between a web server and web client.
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Cisco Public 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 24
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Protocol Operation - Sending a Message
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Protocol Operation Receiving a Message
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ISOC, IAM, IETF, and IRTF
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IANA and ICANN
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Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
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EIA/TIA Standards
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Cisco Public 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 36
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Communicating the Message
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Communicating the Message
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Segmenting Messages:
Allows many different conversations to be interleaved
Increases the efficiency of network communications
Adds complexity
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Encapsulation
Data
Segment
Packet
Frame
Bits
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Network Addresses and Data Link Addresses
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Layer 3 Network Addresses
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Network Address
Source IP address
Destination IP address
Responsible for delivering the IP packet from the original source to thefinal destination, either on the same network or to a remote network.
Data Link Address Source data link address
Destination data link address
Responsible for delivering the data link frame from one network interfacecard (NIC) to another NIC on the same network
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Layer 2 Data Link Addresses
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Layer 2 Data Link Addresses
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Role of the Network Layer AddressesNetwork portion of the IP Address The left-most part of the address that indicates whichnetwork the IP address is a member.
Host portion The remaining part of the address that identifies a specific device on thenetwork.
Source IP address The IP address of the sending device
Destination IP address The IP address of the receiving device
Role of the Data Link Layer AddressesSource MAC address This is the data link address, or the Ethernet MAC address, ofthe sending device.
Destination MAC address When the receiving device is on the same network as thesending device, this is the data link address of the receiving device.
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Role of the Network Layer Addresses
The source and destination IP addresses will represent hosts ondifferent networks indicated by the different network portions of thesource and destination addresses.
Role of the Data Link Layer Addresses
Destination MAC address - When the receiving device is on a different
network from the sending device, the sending device uses the EthernetMAC address of the default gateway or router.
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Thank you.