ISM Code

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Introduction General Description Safety And Environmental

Protection Policy Company Responsibility/Authority Designated Person(s) Master’s Responsibility/Authority Resources & Personnel Development of Plans Emergency Preparedness

A741(18)

CONTENTS

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International Safety Management Code means

the International Management Code: for the Safe operation of ships and for Pollution Prevention

INTRODUCTION

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Emphasises that every company should: develop, implement and maintaina Safety Management System (SMS)to the Code

INTRODUCTION

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This does not mean that the code is trying to tell the company how to go about running their business.

It is up to the company how to go about implementing the codes.

The cornerstone of good safety management is commitment from the top.In matters of safety and pollution prevention it is the commitment, competence, attitudes and motivation of individuals at all levels that determines the end result.

INTRODUCTION

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SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

The SMS must incorporate the following: A safety and environment protection policy. Instruction and procedure to ensure safe operation of

ships and protection of the environment in compliance with relevant international and flag state legislation.

Flag state legislation. Defined levels of authority and lines of communication

between and amongst shore and shipboard personnel. Procedures for reporting accidents & non-conformities. Procedures to prepare for and respond to emergency

situation. Procedures for internal audits and management reviews

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ADOPTING THE ISM

To achieve the aims of the ISM Code, each Company should establish a Safety and Environmental Protection (SEP) policy which is implemented by all Staff both ashore and onboard ship

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PREAMBLE

IMO Resolution A.443(XI) Nov 1979 invited all Governments to take the necessary steps to safeguard the shipmaster in the proper discharge of his responsibilities with regard to maritime safety and protection of the marine environment.

A443(XI)

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PREAMBLE

IMO Resolution A.680(17) Nov 1991 recognised the need for appropriate Organisation of Management to enable it to respond to the need of those on board ships to achieve and maintain high standards of Safety and Environmental Protection.

A680(17)

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OBJECTIVES

ISM Code aims to ensure: safety at sea, prevention of human injury or loss of life,

and avoidance of damage to the environment,particularly the marine environment, and to the property.

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OBJECTIVES

Company Objectives should: Provide for safe practices in ship operation and safe

working environment, Establish safeguards against all identified risks, and Continuously improves safety management skills of

personnel ashore and aboard ships including preparing for emergencies related both to safety and environmental protection.

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OBJECTIVES

Safety & Management systems should ensure: compliance with mandatory rules and regulations and, that applicable codes, guidelines and standards

recommended by IMO, Administrations, Classification Societies and Maritime Industry are taken into account.

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FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SMS

Every Company should develop, implement and maintain a SMS which includes the following: a Safety & Environmental Protection Policy, Instructions & Procedures to ensure Safe Operation of

Ships and Protection of the Environment define Levels of Authority and Lines of Communication

between, and amongst, shore and shipboard personnel Procedures for reporting accidents and non-

conformities with the provisions of this Code Procedures to prepare for and respond to emergency

situations and Procedures for Internal Audits & Management Reviews

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SAFETY & ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION POLICY

The Company should: Establish a Safety and Environmental

Protection Policy which describes how the Objectives will be achieved

Ensure that the Policy is Implemented and Maintained at all levels of the Organisation, both ship based as well as shore based.

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POLICY The Policy should be a concise and clear statement. It should describe the aim of the SMS and outline a

strategy & plan of action to achieve ad maintain the aim. Consideration should be given to the policy’s interaction

with existing Company Policies and Procedures. It should strive to encourage continuous improvement in

safety awareness and safety management skills. It should be signed by the Chief Executive or comparable

senior decision maker to indicate top level management commitment

It should be reviewed at regular intervals to ensure that it remains relevant and effective.

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IMPLEMENTATION

A Strategy for Implementation should be considered at the time the policy is developed, including how best to ensure that all employees understand its content and the commitment displayed by senior management to its objectives

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COMPANY RESPONSIBILITY & AUTHORITY

If the Entity who is responsible for the Operation of the Ship is other than the Owner, the Owner must report the Full Name and Details of such Entity to the Administration

The Company should Define and Document the Responsibility, Authority and Interaction of all Personnel who Manage, Perform and Verify work relating to and affecting the Safety and Pollution Prevention.

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RESPONSIBILITY & AUTHORITY

The reason for documenting the Responsibility and Authority of Personnel is to Ensure that those involved the Management of Safety and Environmental Protection know what is expected of them to make the system function effectively

Personnel concerned with the SMS, on shore and at sea, should be given clearly worded, unambiguous definitions of their responsibilities and authority, to assist in motivating them to understand the vital importance of their performance in the success of the safety management system.

contd

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RESPONSIBILITY & AUTHORITY

The level of competence for the tasks involved should be clearly defined and senior management should ensure that shore and sea personnel are adequately qualified and experienced to undertake their duties.

The use of diagrammatical charts of the organisation should be considered to show how the defined responsibilities of shore and sea personnel interrelate to achieve the system's objectives.

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DESIGNATED PERSONS

To ensure the safe operation of each ship and to provide a link between the company and those onboard, every company should designate a person(s) ashore having direct access to the highest level of management.

The responsibility & authority of the designated person(s) should include monitoring the safety & pollution prevention aspects of the operation of each ship and to ensure that adequate resources & shore based support are applied.

contd

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DESIGNATED PERSONS

For any Management System to be adequately maintained, it is necessary for:

its effectives and degree of implementation to be verified

deficiencies to be reported to the responsible level of management

persons responsible for rectifying the deficiencies to be identified

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DESIGNATED PERSONS

The task of implementing and maintaining the SMS is a line management responsibility

Verification and monitoring activities should be carried out by a person independent of the Responsibility and Implementation

The DP(s) should be suitably qualified & experienced in the Safety & Pollution control aspects of ship operations & should be fully conversant with the Company’s Safety and Environmental Protection Policies

The DP(s) should have the independence and authority to report deficiencies observed to the Highest Level of Management

The DP(s) should have the responsibility for organising Safety Audits, and should ensure that Corrective Action has to be taken.

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The Company should clearly define & document the Master’s Responsibility with regards to: Implementing the Safety & Environmental Protection

Policy of the Company; Motivating the crew in the Observation of that Policy Issuing Appropriate Orders & Instructions in a Clear &

Simple manner; Verifying that Specified Requirements are observed;

and Reviewing the SMS and reporting its deficiencies to

the Shore based Management

MASTER’S RESPONSIBILITY & AUTHORITY

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The Company should ensure that he SMS operating onboard the ship contains a clear statement emphasizing the Master’s Authority

The Company should establish in the SMS that the Master has the Overriding Authority & the Responsibility to make decisions with respect to Safety and Pollution.

Clear guidance on matters affecting the Safety of the Crew, the Environment, the Ship and its Cargo is an important element in the link between ship and shore.


contd

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Masters should be given every encouragement & assistance to implement the system.

Any system of checks and balances implemented by shore based management should allow for, and sit comfortably with, the master's overriding authority and discretion to take whatever action he considers to be in the best interests of passengers, crew, the ship and the marine environment


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The Company should ensure that the Master is:

Properly qualified for command Fully conversant with the Company SMS

and Given the necessary support so that the

Master’s Duties can be safety performed.

RESOURCES AND PERSONNEL

contd

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With regards to the Master’s Qualification and Competence, it is essential that the Company only appoints Masters:

Who have the required level of training Hold appropriate internationally recognised certificates and Are considered by the Company to have the Competence

to command the type of vessel to which they are to be assigned.

RESOURCES AND PERSONNEL

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The Company should ensure that each ship is manned with qualified, certificated and medically fit seafarers in accordance with national and international requirements

When considering manning, the right commitment & motivation need to be instilled in those shipboard personnel upon whose attitude the effectiveness of the SMS will depend.

MANNING

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The Company should consider the following when addressing manning in the context of SMS:

The trade in which the ship is engaged & workload of the crew

The skills required for the safe execution of the task the crew is expected to perform in normal operations & during emergencies.

The crew’s awareness with respect to his/her SMS duties

The availability of the appropriate records of qualifications and medical fitness

MANNING

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The Familiarisation of the crew with their SMS related duties is important from the point of view of maintaining the continuity & Effective levels of the SMS.

The Company should ensure that new personnel and personnel transferred to new assignments related to safety & Protection of the Environment are given proper familiarization with their duties

Instructions which are essential to be provided prior to sailing should be identified, documented and given

FAMILIARISATION

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Companies should ensure that relevant personnel are also familiar with other Conventions which are incorporated in and published as national legislation, dealing with aspects of safe ship operation and pollution prevention as well as applicable Classification Societies’ rules and regulations

RELEVANT RULES

contd

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Other relevant information & guidelines published by Classification Societies and helpful Technical Guides on Safe Operations and Safe Working routines issued by various organisations, particularly The International Chamber of Shipping (ICS), the Oil Companies International Marine Forum (OCIMF), & the Society of International Gas Tanker & Terminal Operators (SIGTTO) should also covered as appropriate under this requirement.

contd

RELEVANT RULES

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Companies should consider the establishment of Libraries ashore and onboard where safety reference material is available. These areas should be supervised & maintained with up to date publications.

RELEVANT RULES

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The Company should establish & maintain procedures for identifying any training which may be required in support of the SMS & ensure that such training is provided for all personnel concerned.

Safety training drills should be carried out in accordance with the procedures & requirements laid down in the SMS. The drills should cover likely emergency situations & should aim to ensure that crew members meet the Company’s SMS standard & gain confidence in controlling situations that are likely to arise should an emergency occur.

TRAINING

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Results of safety audits, drills & the analysis of accidents, hazardous occurrences & non-conformities may assist in identifying additional company training requirements or necessary changes to SMS procedures.

The Company should establish and maintain procedures for identifying any training which may be required in support of the SMS & ensure that such training is provided for all personnel concerned.

The Company should consider ways of reviewing individual training needs and for checking the validity of recorded qualifications in line with International, National and Special Company requirements.

TRAINING

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INFORMATION ON THE SMS

The Company should establish procedures by which the ship’s personnel receive relevant information on the SMS in a working language or languages understood by them

All procedures & instructions established are written in a clear and simple manner

Where contracted crewing agencies are used, Companies should issue them with copies of the relevant provisions of the SMS, together with necessary instructions on their use, before selected personnel are appointed.

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COMMUNICATION The Company should ensure that the ship’

personnel are able to communicate effectively in the execution of their duties related to the SMS

A vital factor in the successful implementation of a SMS is the selection of the right personnel to fill positions affecting its performance.

In events leading up to & during Emergency Situations, the ability of the crew to communicate between themselves & with passengers has proved to be a crucial factor in the outcome of many shipping incidents.

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Effective communication should be an aim at all times in the enhancement of safety and pollution prevention.

The ability of personnel to communicate effectively with other crew members should be reviewed at the recruitment stage and during crew appraisals.

contd

COMMUNICATION

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Companies using the services of crewing agencies should ensure that requirements on this matter are fully understood at the recruitment stage

The performance of the agency in the supply of crew that meet these requirements should be monitored and appropriate records kept.

COMMUNICATION

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Development of Plans for Shipboard Operations

The Company should establish procedures for the preparation of plans & instructions for key shipboard operations concerning the safety of the ship & the prevention of pollution.

The various tasks involved should be defined and assigned to qualified personnel.

Emphasis should be placed on Preventive Actions while maintaining the ability to respond to & correct non-conformities or hazardous situations should they occur.

contd

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Companies identify key shipboard operations and issue instructions on the manner in which these operations are to be performed.

Continuing supervision & verification of compliance with these instructions is important

Relevant International and National rules that govern certain aspects of these operations need to be incorporated into Company procedures, plans and instructions.


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In addition, Companies should refer to helpful technical guides issued by various industry organisations

All written procedures, instructions or plans should be kept simple and unambiguous.

contd


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Checklists may be of considerable help in insuring that all routines in a particular operational phase are covered.

While recognising that all shipboard operations can affect safety & pollution prevention, Companies may consider dividing Safety related shipboard operations into two categories: Special Operations Critical Operations


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This may be done to prioritise operational planning & allow the maximum level of attention to be paid to those shipboard operations which are crucial to safety and to the protection of the environment.

Special shipboard operations are those where errors may become apparent only after they have created hazardous situations or when accidents have occurred.

Procedures and instructions for special operations should cover precautions and checks that aim to correct unsafe practices before accident occur.


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Examples of Critical Operations are (but not limited to): Ensuring watertight integrity Navigational safety, including the correction of charts &

publications Operations affecting the reliability of the equipment

(such as steering gear) & associated standby machinery Maintenance operations Bunkering operations and oil transfers in port Maintaining stability & preventing overloading & over

stressing Lashing of containers, cargo and other items; and Ship security, terrorism and piracy


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Critical shipboard operations are those where a error may immediately cause an accident or a situation which could threaten people, the environment or the ship

Particular attention should be drawn to the need to adhere to strict instructions in the conduct of critical operations, and satisfactory performance should be closely monitored.


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Examples of critical shipboard operations are: (but not limited to): Navigation in confined waters or high density traffic

areas Operations that may cause a sudden loss of

manoeuvrability in close or high density traffic areas Navigation in conditions of reduced visibility Operations in heavy weather conditions The handling & stowage of hazardous cargoes &

noxious substances Bunkering & oil transfer at sea Cargo operations on gas, chemical and oil tankers; and Critical machinery operations contd


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Arrangements should be put in place to monitor the operational competence of crew undertaking critical shipboard operations


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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

The Company should establish procedures to Identify, Describe & Respond to Potential Emergency Shipboard Situations

The Company should establish Programmes for Drills & Exercises to prepare for Emergency Actions

contd

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The SMS should provide for measures ensuring that the company’s organisation can respond at any time to hazards, accidents & emergency situations involving its ships.

It is important that company shore & shipboard contingency planning is consistent and appropriately integrated.


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Shore based Contingency Plans may include: The composition & duties of the persons acting within

the Contingency Plan Procedures for the mobilisation of an appropriate

company emergency respond (which may include the establishment of an emergency respond team)

Procedures to follow in respond to different types of accidents or hazardous occurences

Procedures for establishing & maintaining contact between the ship & management ashore

The availability of ship particulars, plans, stability information, & safety & environmental protection equipment carried onboard contd


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Checklists appropriate to the type of emergency which may assist in the systematic questioning of the ship during the response

Lists of contact names & telecommunication details of all relevant parties who may need to be notified & consulted

Reporting methods for both ship & shore based management

Procedures for notifying & liaising with the next of kin of persons onboard

contd


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Procedures for issuing information bulletins to & answering queries from the media & the public

Back up arrangements for the company’s initial respond in the event of a protracted emergency

The roistering of the company personnel & specialists dedicated to support the response & adequate relief for the maintenance of their routine duties


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Shipboard Contingency Plans should take into account of the various types of emergency which may arise on a particular ship and may include: The allocation of duties & responsibilities onboard Actions to be taken to regain control of a situation Communication methods to be used onboard

contd


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Procedures for requesting assistance from third parties Procedures for notifying the company & reporting to

relevant authorities Maintaining communications between the ship and

shore; and Procedures for dealing with the media or other outside

parties


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Contingency Plans should be established to describe how to deal with emergency situations related to damage, fire, pollution, personnel, security and cargo. Examples include: Failures – Structural, Main Engine, Steering Gear,

Electrical Power Collision Cargo – Shifting, Spillage, Contamination, Jettison Fire

contd


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Flooding Abandoning ship Man overboard / search & rescue Entry into enclosed spaces Serious injury Terrorism or piracy Helicopter operations and Heavy weather damages


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The list is by no means exhaustive & the Company should attempt to identify all possible situations where shipboard contingency planning would be required, relative to the ship, its construction, equipment and trade

International regulation under MARPOL 73/78, Annex 1 regulation 26 requires every oil tanker of 150 GRT and above and every ship other than tanker of 400 GRT and above, to have a shipboard oil pollution emergency plan (SOPEP)


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EMERGENCY DRILLS

Actions to counter potential Emergency Situations should be practised in Drills

A programme of such drills, additional to those required by SOLAS Convention should be conducted to develop & maintain confidence & proficiency onboard

contd

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These drills should be developed to exercise the emergency plans established for critical situations and should, as appropriate, mobilise the shore based management emergency contingency plans under simulated conditions.

Emergency drills and exercises should be carried out regularly to test the effectiveness and clarity of emergency plans, and to develop the confidence and competence of the personnel who may be involved in actual emergencies.

EMERGENCY DRILLS

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Records of all emergency drills & exercises conducted ashore & on board should be maintained be available for verification purposes

Appropriate personnel should evaluate the results of these drills & exercises as an aid to determining the effectiveness of documented procedures.

EMERGENCY DRILLS

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TS Maritime Sdn. Bhd

ISM Code

Documents

Transcript of ISM Code