Iron Warrior: Volume 8, Issue 5

8/14/2019 Iron Warrior: Volume 8, Issue 5

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~ ~ ON W R~ . k ' June 1987 The Engineering Society s Student forum~ 1987~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~Midterms Interviews

Engineeringin the SummerINSIDE:FeaturesThe Great TransitionThe Future of the APEOThe Metaphysics of AI

AlsoWorld News BriefsNostalgia2.00 A.M. Trivia

InterestWaterloo Wins FuelathonEng.Soc. Why Bother?SFF Awards


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2 Iron Warrior

Michelle WahlJust a' few days ago 1 sat in a fa

miliar setting amid a mass of Watstar print outs. Yes, there I wasconfronted with this issue's submissions. Strewn about were articleson rafting, articles on engineeringeducation, technical reports, poetry,philosophical essays, and of course, afew ever present references to funding or the lack thereof. What acollection. I was reminded of anearlier lecture on the second law ofthermodynamics. I was also frustrated - capturing the essence of anengineering at Waterloo, June 1987seemed an unlikely prospect . A fewdays later, I sa t , cotlrse calendar inhand, trying to choose options fornext tern'l, trying to uncover someunderlying thread pulling togethermy own engineering education. Amasa of interests, c h o i c e ~ appeared.Th e second law was no longe r j ustchapter five in my thermodynamicstext book - it was real and it was outthere to get me.

It is a human trait to impose

How often have you complainedthat a professor is teaching a courseusing a terrible approach, that youjust can't understand anything untilyou read the textbook , or that if he

only would have explained it thisway the first time you would havecaught on much faster? One tinypart of what makes us individualsis the fact that we learn in differentways and at different rates. It can beargued that the same factors whichinfluenced us to study engineering,also cause us to be a biased sample with regards to learning styles .Nevertheless we are not clones anda large range of styles still exists between engineering departments andwithin individual classes. A professor cannot always present the course

TheEditors

Perspective

structure on things . We naturally build frameworks, which analyze and categorize . Furthermorewe depend upon the predictabilitythat these frameworks provide forus. Great value is placed on ourinternal constructs which form ourworld into a ordered understandableplace. The persistence of numerousprejudices in the face of contradiction will attest to the loyality we often have to such frameworks . Thelong-standing historical notion thatuthe world was fiat , or even the persistence of first impressions are examples.

These mental structures are valuable . They allow us to make senseout of the world, to react to itin a logical manner. There aretimes, however, when we, perhaps,cli ng to o s tr ongly. In our zealfor order, we can fall victim toover-simplification, and prematuredecision-making. We interpret theworld in black and white terms when

material in the best manner for every student because the best approach varies considerable betweenindividuals . Acknowledging this allows us to admit that it is not necessarily the teaching style that definesa good professor but their recognition of alternate styles and conscious decision to pursue a specificapproach.Admittedly, there are professorswho do not give much thought totheir undergraduate classes. Often,however, we criticize before we haveheard enough to see the underlying purpose for the chosen approach .Where do we draw the line? When isit time to voice an opinion and whendo we forge on, working on blindfaith that there is in fact some pur-

IRON WARRIOR

Chris Tagueit is, in fact, grey. Our affinity for anordered reality, draws us away fromconfusing issues. Instead of waitingfor the fog to clear, we sometimesmanufacture pathways - imagined orotherwise. The moral of the story?Perhaps, it is wise to remember thatconfusion is not always somethingto be avoided at all costs. Perhapssometimes one should wait . Maybesomewhere in the foggy subtletiesthere is something to be learned.

With all this in mind, I returnedto the pile of articles. Maybe thebits and pieces tied together afterall. Although an idea of Engineeringat Waterloo, Summer 1987, was notclearly stated, perhaps a hint or twocould be found and perhaps that wasenough. As to my second dilemma,well, I'm still waiting. Until nextti me . .Hap py read in g.

o ;-j; 1 1 ,01pose to the seeming insanity? Theanswer lies in communication . Ifyou are honestly concerned aboutthe course material you will usuallyfind a friendly ear. Unless you are aregular pesterer, you will do yourselfno harm by voicing an honest concern through the right channels .

Of course, there is always the regular excuse that I am too busy toeven think of seeing my prof" - theirony continues. Well , don ' t giveup completely. With interviews andmidterms almost over, the light willsoon be appearing at the end of thetunnel - followed by the train.

The Iron Warrior is a forum forideas preeented by tile students of theUnivereity of Waterloo. Views expreeeed in the Iron Warrior, otherthan editoriale, are those of the authoreand do not neceesarily refiect the opinions of the editors.

Warrior also reserves the right to editgrammar, spelling, and portions of texttha.t do not meet University standards.Authors will be contacted for any majorchanges that ma.y be required.The Iron Warrior welcomes all submissions from students, faculty, andother membere of the univereity community. Articles, letters, and artworkshould reflect the concerns and intellectual level of the Univereity ill general.All submiseions become the propertyof the Iron Warrior which reserve theright to rlfuse publication of materialwhich it deems unsuitable. The Iron

All submissions must be legible andmllet include the author's name, class (ifapplicable) and a phone number wherehe/she may be reached.All submissions and advertising enquiries should be forwarded to:Iron WarriorEngineering SocietyCPH 1327 - ext. 2323

June 1987Iron Warrior Staff

EditorsChristina TagueMichelle WahlWritersDave PetroOwen KellyBill JackesBiULennoxGeotTVonaJim McCreaMark LeonardBarbara AdeyMatt SnellElliot Simcoe~ Q b McDtrmidEvan GrahamMark EamshawDan St. LouisSean McKinnonWedgeTom LeeBrian HeppelleDoug ParkerCathy WiltonAlan J. FergusonTracey RenaudM. Vidyasagar

Iypesettim:Bruct FletcherCarlS

PhotoKraphyIan WorlandMattPoweUKevin Moon

Copy EditorCarl Speiss

AdyertisjnKSbeldon McGregor

AliMark AndersonPaul Arthers

LayoutLindi WahlCarolyn FrenchKathleen Fong ( friend)DittoKevin MoonBrian Heppe1leGeoffVonaKaren HubbardDave WerezakPeter IfaaseaMi haelLesSardTOJIlLe e


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June 1987 Iron Warrior 3

Comments from the Presidentby Bill Jackes

Many of you will be aware by nowthat the government has disallowedthe computer fee as of May 1, 1987.This fee provided a total of $442,000to the Engineering Faculty over thefive terms that it was installed. TheDean used this money to updateand replace existing lab equipment.Operating and maintenance budgetsas well as replacement strategies forthis equipment were to be supportedby the then existing income fromthis fee. With the halt in this feehowever the Dean is very short offunds to pay for the necessary maintenance of this new equipment.

Dean Lennox has an annual budget of $15 million, of which allbut $600,000 goes towards payingsalaries. This in turn is split between the departments and is completely used in administrative costs.Therefore there is no income to payfor the maintenance and replacement of the equipment that the computer fee was able to purchase. Theshortfall amounts to about $300,000per year or about $60 per studentper term.

Since the ban on compulsoryancillary fees the government hasstated that non compulsory fees arepermitted as a source of income foruniversities. A non-compulsory feecould either be in the form of a checkoff box in a fee statement, or refundable upon request. Therefore ' thepossibilities o a student initiated,non compulsory fee is legal. But so

From theean s

In the last issue, I raised the question of a student- initiated referendum for a Quality of EngineeringMaintenance Fund - QEMF . TheMinister has made it quite clear thatwe cannot have a compulsory fee forthings that are to be covered bybase operating budgets. The issue

as to whether base operating budgets are sufficient is not discussed.One thought is to declare all computing as an enhancement, i.e., notnecessary, and require all studentsto use slide rules. The governmenthas never acknowledged that computers now play an absolutely essential role in engineering educationand that the equipment costs associ-

ated with computing are high. However, they have made available Excellence Funds which are targetedfor teaching equipment (3 times inthe past 4 years) and we have benefitted somewhat from this.The inventory of computing

equipment for teaching purposes isnow at $ 2.728-miUion . (Watstarrepresents an inventory of $887,719)This equipment has been purchasedusing alumni donations, the enhancement fee $442,000, gifts fromcorporations and special equipmentfunds from the province. I believewe have one of the best computing environments in Canada. TheDEC donation of $750,000-worth ofhigh level work stations for ourBEACON project (CAD lab) is ournext step and I believe this lab pro'.:vides quite an exciting opportunityfor us.

The point of all of this is thatwith the loss of the enhancementfee, it will be difficult to maintainthe momentum we have achieved. AQEMF project, based on a studentreferendum, in which the fee is refundable, is allowable. I suggest thatto support this would be in your bestinterest in the sense that the moniesraised would go directly into enhancing your own education. I am certainly available to discuss the issues

w i ~ h you.W. C. Lennox, Dean of Engineering.

is a non-compulsory administrationinitiated fee for that matter . Theadvantage of it being student initiated is simply that students wouldhave more control over the sp ndingof the money than would normallybe the case if it were a universityrun fee.

In several past issues of the IWthe Dean has said he feels it is timeto look at the possibilities of a student initiated non-compulsory fund.The amount he is speaking of is $60per student per term. An attemptat such a fee occurred in 1982. Amotion for a Quality of EducationMaintenance Fund (QEMF) was putto an Engineering student referendum where a 66% majority with a50% voting rate was needed for it tobE passed. It was narrowly defea.ted( one society voted 81% in favour,while the other only 55%).The first step I foresee is toheighten the awareness of the engineering student body on the issuesthat are involved. First and fore

most I need interested people to volunteer some time to study the prob-

lem. For anyone interested past IWarticles on the subject will be madeavailable in the Orifice. Many ofthese articles outline in more detailthe budgetary problems than wasdefined here . I t is most importantthat as many students as possibletake the time to understand and r-m u l ~ t e ideas either for or against aQEMF.

On a lighter note I'd like to congratulate Ted Carlton and AndrewAbouchar, two engineering students,who were elected to the posts ofPresident and VP of Operationsand Finance for the Federation ofStudents . Through these tw;o andother members of the theyhave shown a strong desire to n)a.intain good communication with thestudent societies that Scott Forrestand his administratjon h ad .devel-oped before them. ' ..

Finally I'd like to bring to your attention the upcoming election dates.Nominations for the four Eng Socexec positions will be accepted June29 through to July 3 and the electionday is July 10.

Women in ngineeringThe Faculty has been involvedwith the Women's DinetoratleofUteProvincial Government in a programcalled Pathmakers. We have provided role models for women in HighSchool. If you are interested in

helping please attend an informa.tionmee* ,g-cm 'l\tarday June 80 a 11:30in Room E2-1310, Graphics Lab orcontact W.C. Lennox, Dean of Engmeermg.

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4 Iron Warrior June 1987

BEACON: Signalling the Wayby Evan GrahamProject BEACONCoordinator

Recently at an EngSoc Councilmeeting, Dean Lennox announced anew project called BEACON. Administered by the Engineering Education Research Centre, BEACONwill be an experimental network ofengineering computer workstations~ o r use by undergraduate engineermg.

A workstation suitable for engineering systems analysis and designis quite different than the general. notion of a personal computer . Engineers use the term 3M machine torefer to a minimum computer capability: one megabyt e of memory, onemillion instructions per second execution speed, and a million pixels of

graphics display. With rapid developments in personal computer technology, many engineers are alreadylooking forward to using workstations with considerably more powerthan these M systems.

Graphics workstations are revolu~ i o n i z i n ~ n y aspects of engineermg practlce. It follows that engineering students should learn moreabout the current capabilities andfuture potential of these machines.Moreover, it is essential that we investigate how to effectively use newcomputing tools to assist students inlearning difficult concepts. ProjectBEACON will explore how best tointegrate a new class of powerfulworkstations into the undergraduateengineering curriculum. Using thework already done in EERC, one cansee promise in several areas:

The main BEACON lab will incorporate Micro VAX GPXworkstations. These 3M machines will provide computinghorsepower for applications such as, image processing, finiteelement analysis, VLSl design, and simulations.

Dialogue on ontrolsby TomLeeEERC PermaCo-op

In order to develop an effectiveComputer Assisted Learning (CAL)package, some fundamental questions must be answered. For instance, Is CAL appropriate for thetopic? , and What can the computer do that would enhance thelearning environment beyond traditional lectures, labs, and books? .With the power of a network suchas BEACON, the answers to thesequestions become all the more crucial. t is pointless to providestudents with unlimited computingpower and expect them to fully exploit the potential of these powerfulmachines. There just isn't the timefor the average student to becomefamiliar with the operating systemand then the program, while juggling five other courses. Something must be there to expediatethe process. The development ofthis something is the purpose ofCAL research.

One current project, which wasbriefly mentioned in the last IronWarrior, is a CAL package for control systems. The EERC's ap-

proach to this project is to evaluatesome current controls design packages (not neccessarily CAL) andthen write front ends , that is, aprogram to present some theoreticalconcepts and then act as a mediatorbetween the student and the computer program.A package that shows muchpromise is Dynamic System Cal-culator DSC), developed by Dr.Dwight Ablevich of EE. DSC isan excellent design tool for controlsanalysis but lacks some of the userinterface features to make it an ef-fective CAL tool. Instead of altering DSC itself, a dialogue pro-gram will be developed which willtake inputs from the user, translatethem to DSC-understandable language and then pass it to DSC whichwill do the math and graphical output. The prime advantage of thisapproach is that the developmentof the front end is essentially independant of DSC, so all of the effort can be directed to presentinginformation rather than reinventingwheels that DSC has already perfected. This effort is a neccessity ifDSC is to be u ~ e d as effective learning tool by undergraduates.

Engineering graphics. Engineering mathematics (using symbolic computation andgraphical teaching aids) . System simulation: formulation of useful models of systems, comparison of numericalmethods, finite element methods, and investigation of parallel processing schemes. Computer aided design involving creation, visualization,and interpretation of complex

mathematical models in all engineering disciplines. Complex information processing ( artificial intelligence )

techniques used for expert systems, pattern recognition, modelling, forecasting, etc.All these activities require a highlevel of computing power coupledwith excellent man-machine communications via colour graphics, andare therefore ideally suited to modern engineering workstations.A significant challenge for Project. BEACON will be the integrationof a teaching/learning environmentwith the more pragmatic aspectsof operating a computer network.Computer-based instruction is themarriage of teaching and technol

ogy; it requires an understandingof how concepts may be presented,given the practical constraints of acomputer.A number of current researchprojects, at Waterloo and elsewhere,are producing software and designapproaches for a wide variety of engineering tasks. These new developments will need to be transferred toour undergraduate program in thenext decade. Project BEACON willprovide a focal point for coordinating efforts so that new approachesmay be successfully integrated intothe undergraduate curriculum.The first batch of hardware for theproject is being provided by WATDEC, a research agreement betweenthe University of Waterloo and Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC).Under the terms of the agreement,DEC will provide a number of workstations and peripheral equipment.These will be i ntegrated into a smallcomputer network to provide twoexperiment al facilities.

The main BEACON lab, will incorporate JJV X GPX workstations .The GPX is a good example of a 3Mmachine (although it surpasses theminimum requirements). The GPXswill be used for applications suchas image processing, finite element

analysis, and simulations; these activities require considerable computing and graphics horsepower .A second laboratory containing high powered microcomputers(called VAXmates) stations will alsobe set up. VAXmates are IBM ATcompatible and as such, as suitablefor many of the low-level engineering applications software currentlyavailable. More importantly, V X-mates are able to talk to, andshare files with, the more powerfulVAX and VAX computers.Both laboratories will also be connected to larger computers (VAX11/785s) which will handle file storage and other administrative mat

ters. The labs and associated network will be able to accomodateseveral small third and fourth yearclasses .In order to take advantage ofthe BEACON hardware, appropri

ate educational and design softwaremust be acquired or developed. The 'EERC is currently in the process ofnegotiating academic licenses or research agreements for several commercial design packages. Initially,we hope to create or acquire at leastone significant application for anupper-year course in each disciplineof engineering. Some software development to meet particular teaching needs will by done by teams consisting of EERC researchers, faculty,staff, and students.BEACON is a relatively smallstep (MIT will have two thousandG PX-like machines for its ProjectAthena) towards a comprehensivelearning environment at UW. It is,however, a necessary step. Throughout its history, the Faculty of Engineering at Waterloo has strived toprovide the most up to date andthe most useful computing facilities to its undergraduate students.It was the first in North America to incorporate computing intothe undergraduate curriculum; itprovided accessible video terminalswhen most other schools were stillpunching cards (WIDGET); it provided unlimited microcomputer access along with an impressive variety of applications software .(WATSTAR). In keeping with , this tradition, Project BEACON will investigate the technologies and themethodologies needed to allow students to analyse and solve complexreal-world engineering problems.

VAXmates will enable lowend engineering applicationssuch as text editing andspreadsheets .It s unique communi-cations features willaLLow the VAXmateto directly shareresources with morepowerful machies.


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June 1987 Iron lVarriorThe ook of Knowledge

by Rob McDermidIn the past few days, little Hy-ers have been going around ourclass enticing us to participate in a

test/survey on the way people learn.The administration seems to be interested in how we learn best, in aneffort to increase the efficiency withwhich they cram information in ourbrains. This got me thinking aboutwhat I liked and disliked about theway we are taught, and I have identified a problem which seems peculiarto engineering alone .

The problem stems from the par-ticular focus of engineering . We,as is often' repeated to us, are concerned only with getting results. Allthat is required is a useful answer -how the answer was arrived at is relatively unimportant, as long as theresults will solve the problem. So , inour instruction, a great deal of at-tention is paid to giving us the toolsto solve problems, while nowhere inthis process are we really told howor why many of these tools work. Itis true that we are often given thename of the person who first developed the theory, so that if we wereso inclined, we could research thematerial on our own, but show mean engineering student who actuallydoes so and we will be looking at amathie.The upshot is that we very quicklylearn to accept what the professorstell us as the gospel truth. There isalways someone in the class ready tocatch the prof out on trivial math-ematical errors , but we cannot contest the basic theory itself. In mostcases we don t know enough abouthow it was originally developed todo so. In fact, I doubt if the profwould know either.

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The accuracy of the methods weare taught is not really in doubt , ofcourse. They are well tested andused by thousands of working engineers every day. What is worrying however, is the way in which wecome to accept everything we aretold without concerning ourselveswith where it came from. If thathabit extends into our future work,we could find ourselves accep ting information without ever verifying itsvalidity.In other faculties, this isn t as biga problem. For instance , the wholebasis of the science program is thescientific method . Questioning ofresults and skepticism is built intothe whole rigor of scientific thought .The basic orientation of 'science'being research and / or development,scientists are more concerned withhow results are achieved, ratherthan the final solution.

Similarly, in the math faculty, theemphasis (especially in pure math ,but also in applied) is more on howand why various mathematical trickeries work , than just the use of them .I am sure there is no one in engineering who has not encountered 'blackmagic' mathematics, where the profjust waves hiS hands and everythingcomes out all right. In time, welearn to wave our hands in the sameway, and get the right results, butwe never really know why it works.In math, you would be taught (probably at great and tedious length) exactly why the method works, andwould have to develop the prooffrom scratch on the final.Certainly, there are few engineering students who would want to haveto do that . Nevertheless, we seemto be developing a dangerous mindset in which we are willing to ac-

cept 'black magic ' too easily, without ever proving to ourselves thatit performs as we are told it does.While too much background is tedious and boring, it seems that thebalance is often too far in the opposite direction.

is no 0 . innot encounteredblack magic

-I f we do not know enough otthe underlying assumptions behinda method , it is very easy to use it inan inappropriate manner. Knowingthe origins of a method of solution isthe easiest way to know exactly howand where it can be applied . Without knowing the underlying theoryit becomes very difficult to generalize what you know beyond the basic problems that you already knowhow to solve.I am not saying that as engineerswe should be taught everything fromthe ground up, with all of the theoryand experimental results completelyshown to us. God knows, the lastthing any of us wants is more proofsto learn. In any case, we barely haveenough time at university to get ahandle on all of the necessary, relevant t echniques without a lot of the-ory that we are never goin 0 us aswell.Still, it would be valuable to makethe minds of budding engineers a little more inquiring. More labs and

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5

actual physical examples of the theory that we are being taught, so thatwe can see that all of the stuff we aredoing on paper actually works wouldcertainly help. We can all rememberour first labs, where the most oftenheard exclamation was CtWow it actually works " . It s good to see concrete evidence that everything doesmake sense.Work terms can make a big difference, but if you get stuck with fourpurely programming jobs in a row,you don t learn much about Urealengineering" . Especially in earlyterms, it is unlikely that your workexperience will have much to do withengineering . Although it sounds likesomething you did back in publicschool, 'field trips ' to places wherethe theory you are learning is actually applied would be very useful.For example , when you are study-ing statics, it would be nice to goto a place that is designing bridgesor buildings, and see the theory atwork. In later years, this happenswith labs, but in early years, whenyou need the motivation the most,there is very little of this.In the end, the whole probJemboils down to lack of money andlack of time. f we had more time,and the universities more money, wecould Jearn a lot more by experimentation and trying it ourselves. Whatyou figure out for yourself stays withyou a lot longer than what you arejust told . An effort is needed bothfrom the students, to try and learnmore on their own , and by the profsto t ry and show us that what wer ar ' i 0 jus e 'nghanded down from the "Book ofKnowledge" but that we can actu-ally figure it out and understand itfor ourselves.

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6/16

6Digitalby Elliot Simcoe

One of the st rongest trends in thete lecommunications industry in the1970's and 1980's has been the conve rsion to digital technology. Transmission equipment, central officeswitches, and even telephone handsets have all benefited from the digit al revolution . t is a revolutionspurned by the semiconductor industry - functions which formerly requi red rooms full of equipment andt housands of do ll ars may now be ac

~ m p l s h e d on a single chip for penDles.The digital revolution provided

the tec hnology for t he ability to senddata at extremely high rates . Whatwas needed now was a medium inwhich this data could be sent overlong distances without the high lossthat copper carriers had offered .Fiber optic cable provided t he answer. It was lightweight , small,relat ively inexpensive, and immunefrom electrical inte rfere nce.

The technology used t o di gi tizevoices over the phone lines is similar to th at of compact discs. Fi rst ,the voice is sampled at 8000 Hz, oronce every 125 micro-seconds. Thissampling rate is achieved at by sampling in the range that the humanbrain needs to process the voicedata . This sound channel coversthe two basic requirements of speechcommunicat ion: Int elligibility (understanding t he voice of the speaker)and recognizeability (identifying thevoice of the speaker).

Iron Warrior June 1987Fiber optic ransmissionNext, the amplitude of the signalis translated into its binary equivalent using the method shown in thefigure below . For clarity, the sampleshown displays only three bits per

sample of amplitude . Each magnitude of amplitude produces a specific binary string. This sample produces eight different coding levels.The transmission equipment in thephone system uses eight bits persample , or 256 coding levels. Compact discs use an even higher rangeof levels to digitize sound . T hisprovides the listener with an evenbetter representation of the originalsou nd.

Since the width of the samp le isconsiderab ly less t han the samplingtime, may signals can be interleaved

VF Signal

lowPassFiller Output

81gneI S8q Ied8k Hz

without overlap. This is the basis of the digital modulation techniques used by telecommunicationequipment manufactu rers. The encoder translates the am plit ude ofthe voice signal into binary in lessthan 5 micro-seconds. Th is allows23 other voice channels to be in ter-leaved onto the same channel without overlap. Thus the DS-1 (Digital Signal level 1) is created at 1.544Mb / s (megabits per second ) .

A fiber-optic communication system has t hree major com ponents:a transmitter that converts electrical signals to light signals, an opt i-cal fiber for transmitting the signals,and a receiver to capture the signalsat t he other end . The ber used is

usually made out of glass and is approximately 125 microns in diameter .T he data is transmitted over thefibe r by an LED at t he tr ansmi t end .

A pulse of light rep resents a 1 andthe absence of light represents a O.T he light travels in the fibe r basedon the principles of total in ternal re-flection . Wit hin t he fibe r, a core ofmateri al is surrounded by a cla ddinglayer wh ich has a lower refractiveindex. Light a t tempting to escapeis just reflect ed back into t he core,thus confining it to tr av el along theleng th of th e fib er.

Th e light through t he fiber cabledoes not suffer from the sa me problem of si gnal loss, called attenuat ion ,that electrical signals sent throughcopper wire do. The optical signalneeds to be regenera ted ev ery 20 km,compared to every 1 km for electr ical signals . In newer fiber sys tems ,the repeater stations may be separa ted by as much as 100 km .

One of the great est advantagest ha t fiber has over convent ional copper wire carriers is the incredible information carrying capability of afiber cable . The only limitat ion ison the hardware at th e transmit andreceive ends. Currently, companieslike AT Tand Northern Telecomare abl e to t ransmit data at up to1200 Mb / s. That is approximately48000 voice channels on a singlefiber. Due to this incredibly largecapac ity , optical fib ers will soon beused to carry other forms of information, such as television and radiosignals over very large distances .CSPE: The Professionals' Society

by Douglas ParkerDue to the increasing responsibility placed on engineers, as pro

fessionals, the Canadian Societyof Profeesional Engineers (CSPE)has been organized. The CSPEw u formed in 1979 and representsthe only voluntary service organization exclusively for professional engineers. Both the medical and legalprofessions have a similar and longestablished service organization. Itexists in parallel with the organization which administers the legalstatute that licences them and polices their actions 80 that the pub-lic interest is eerved and protected.Did you know that the Ontario Medical Association and the CanadianBar Aeeociation are not the licensingbodiee of the medical and legal professione? Before 1979, the Canadianengineering profession had no suchsimilar body to lobby on behalf ofits interests or to provide services toita members. The role of the CSPEis clear.Objectives

to ptomote the professional,economic, and eocial interestsof ita members

to provide a representativevoice for profel ll lional engineers to strive to make registrationas a professional engineer moremeaningful

CSPE Services forEngineersIn addition to its lobbying efforts,the following are 80me of the moretangible benefits of CSPE member-ship.

Legal Aids CSPE has available legal experts in the field ofemployer employee relationships, aswell as for personal matters. Thefirst interview with the appropri-ate lawyer is provided free. Thiscould be very important if, for example, you felt that you might havegrounds for a suit of wrongful dismil ll lal, but weren't sure where togo next . In addition, a first consultation with a patent agent aswell as inventor/entrepreneur information is available.

Legal Fees Insurances CSPEoffers reduced premiums for thisspecial type of insurance. It reimburses you or your dependents for legal fees incurred over suits of a business or personal nature whether youare the plaintiff or the defendant.

ResumeWriting Service: CSPE providesfree assistance in producing or revising your resume. They will edityour resume, draft a letter, or act asa typing service.Employment Contract As -sistance: CSPE has created astandard employment contract andguide for engineers. This can provide a basis for the formation ofan acceptable contract with a newemployer or for the negotiation ofappropriate changes to the contractyour employer proposes. CSPE hasal80 compiled a comprehensive set ofcase studies and guidelines regarding unfair treatment and wrongfuldismil ll lal .

CSPE membership is open to professional engineers registered in anyprovince in Canada. The membership fee for one year is 30.00, buta special rate of 15.00 is offered toretired or non-practising engineers.Students or graduate engineers-intraining may attend meetings of theCSPE but they aren't entitled' tovote. Students are not required topay any dues or fees.

IT you wish to find out more aboutthe CSPE:1. Glance through the information

in the CSPE file kept in the En-gineering Society Office;2. Contact Brian Heppelle, 4ACivil Engineering, through

the Eng. Soc orifice.3. Phone or drop a note to thefollowing indicating that youwould like more informationabout the CSPE sent to you:

The Canadian Society for Pro-fessional Engineers,2 3 College Street, 2nd Floor,Toronto, Canada,M5T IP9(416) 598-0520


7/16

8 Iron WarriorThe Metaphysics o f l

by Jim McCreaMany concerns, philosophical innature, are now being raised aboutartificial intelligence (AI). They saythat it is replacing the human mind.The fears expressed are, at best,that when AI becomes sufficientlyadvanced, a large pool of unemployed people will be created, andat worst, that the computer will takeover. However, it is my belief thatthese fears are completely groundless.Firstly, it will be a sheer impossibility for the computer to everequal, let alone surpass the abilityof the human intellect. Artificialintelligence, no matter what levelof sophistication it attains, will always be artificial. Although it canmimic many operations of the human mind, it is still only a finite approximation of an infinite process.It cannot equal the human mind,statistically, in its complexity, or dynamically in its operation .''Altho Jgh t can mimic m ny()perations oj'the humanmind,it is still only a finite approx'(mationolan ~ n i n i t e process. "

It cannot equal the human mindin its complexity for the followingreason: We can see that to constructanything, whether it be by man ormachine, a co-ordination principleis required . In the case of a man,it is his intellect . The intellect ofa man directs the assembly of basic components which confer on afinal product a specific nature oressen e (whether it be software ofhardware) . If his intellect is theefficient cause of this essence, theessence must be entirely containedwithin his intellect prior to the assembly of the product . One can-

not give what he does not possess.Moreover, the essence of the mostsophisticated device he might designmay only be a small part of thecomplex web of ideas and relationswhich is the totality of his mind(arbitrarily small in fact). Therefore we can conclude that the humanmind is not only more complex thanany system that can be constructed,but infinitely more complex (complex only with respect to the ideasand relations contained within theintellect; as a substance it is unity) .We can see that it cannot equalthe human mind in its operationin light of the principles of causality . First with respect to the finalc.ause, and then with respect to efficient cause. (In the terminologyof philosophy, final cause refers tothe goal which is the grounds foran event taking place, and efficientcause is that which makes the eventhappen) . .

With respect to final cause, suppose one is given a concrete valueto calculate, say it is the electricalimpedance of a certain component.The goal of having this knowledgemay be the increased cost effectiveness of a certain product, such as astereo receiver . This would be thefirst order final cause, because it isin immediate relation to the knowledge gained by the calculation. Thesecond order final cause would be,perhaps, increased sales of this product, because it is the goal of the firstorc er final cause . Similarly, a thirdorder final cause could be increasedprofits for the company producingthe product and so on . There maybe many more orders in the chain,but we cannot, however, proceed toinfinity. Since the purpose of thecomputer is to serve humans, thisseries must ultimately terminate at

a manifold which is a set of humanneeds and wants. (All human ac-tivity whether assisted by machineor not, has happiness as its ultimate goal, said Aristotle). The fi-nal cause of all computations mustbe this manifold; therefore, no matter how advanced AI becomes, itmust always be subordinate to human control.AU human activity, whetherassisted by machinesortnot,has happin,ss as ts ultimate.goal" . AristotleWith respect to efficient cause, letus again suppose we are given theimpedance of an electrical compo

nent to compute. That which immediately allows this value to beknown is the algebraic expressionfrom which it was derived. Becauseit is immediate, it can be called afirst order efficient cause. A secondorder efficient cause may be an operation in calculus, which gives us thatexpression. We may continue in thisseries, going to ever increasing levelsof abstraction; but again, we cannotgo to infinity in the number of termsin the series. It must terminate; butwhere? What would be the ultimateefficient cause of all computation?This would be a manifold, again,which I call the axioms of pure reason . These are acquired necessarilyand invariably by the human mind .Their acquisition is a natural function of the intellect. One of these,which is ultimate because it inheresin a ll the others, it the law of contradiction. It states that somethingcannot both be, and not be underthe same relation at the same t.ime:Another very fundamental axiom, isthe law of identity, which states that

June 1987

a thing is what it is... A is A. Athird, is the syllogism, which statesthat if all of a group x has the property e, and a is a member of x, thena has the property e.

These axioms of pure reason arenot something which the intellectmanufactures, but are acquired because the mind mirrors the logicalaspects of reality. These axiomscannot be computed, but are thoseon which all computation ultimatelydepends. They cannot be computed,because the act of acquiring them isa function of understanding. Understanding is the act of one perceivingan idea, and in the same act of cognition, knowing that one perceivesthis idea. Understan ding is an exclusively human activity. While ina machine one part can reflect uponanother, only the human mind hasthe ability to totally reflect upon it self. Thus for the reason that the ultimate efficient cause of all computation must be the axioms of purereason, AI must again be subordinated to human control.AI again must be subordinIated to human controLThe example given above is thecalculation of a specific numericalparameter, but the above mentionedconcepts are also valid for AI whichdeals with non-numeric computations involving expert systems and

natural language synthesis analysis.As AI advances, it will be ableto perform increasingly subtle andcomplex operation. he effect willnot be to dehumanize, as many people fear, but to free the mind fromdrudgery so that it can perform actions which are more and more human.

The (All-Nighter) Nightmare Songby Mark Earnshaw

With apologies to Gilbert ; Sullivan:When you stay up all night, or youthink that you might be foregoingyour regular resting,You've assignments to do, the solutions are few; for them you areendlessly questing,When you look at your notes, youcan't tell what you wrote; so terriblybad is the writing,Since the prof for that class spokeincredibly fast in the glare that wascaused by the lighting,So you stare at the page in a terrible rage attempting to read whatis written there,But it all looks like Greek, youcan't find what you seek, and youthrow up your hands in despair,So to find out what's next, youthen pull out the text, and turn tothe appropriate section,

But the edition is wrong, or isoverly long with pages too many tomention,So you toss out the book, whileyou wish you had took an Artscourse or some other program,But you chose the wrong one, theselection is gone, and transfers getmired in the system,It's now about ten as you pickup your pen, and stare at the pagethat's before you,As you wish you were dead, goesyour room-mate to bed, and ofcourse he begins to snore too,Then you think you ~ h o u l clone,but you're working alone, much toofar from the rest of your classmates,. So you stifle a yawn (it's a longtime till dawn), and work while yourroom-mate aspirates,

Then you write out some stuff tilJyou think there's enough, althoughyou don't yet have the answer,

WOWI

And the question that's given; itmakes you feel driven to prove thatno sleep causes cancer,So you drop off and doze, a nd youranxiety grows since your dreams areso terribly scary,And you think you're in back ofa ravenous pack of students who'reoverly wary,And they won't eat the food forthey fear they'll be sued, or be sentto northern Siberia,But it's easy to guess that themeal's not the best since it camefrom the Village cafe teria,Now you're sitting in class withthe hope that you'll pass a testthat's worth all of your grade,But you find you must write to theleft from the right, for which yourhands simply weren't made,While the scene disappears, youdiscover six beers, which you drainwithout hesitation,

You Have To See It To Believe ItOur amous3 FOOT SUB

You are now on a beach with thesea within reach, and you feel thatyou're on vacation,Then you wake with a start, andoutside it is dark; the assignmentsstill are not finished,There's a pile of blank sheets,they're awaiting great feats, and thework is in no way diminished,As you glance at the clock, youfind out with a shock that it's laterthan you had expected,There are questions t.o do, andyou hope it is true there'll be timeto ensure they're corrected,So you work with a will, andyou've quite had your fill of theproblems that you're undertaking,

But you finish at last, and thenight has all passed, there's a newday of work in the making,And you feel out of shape, as youopen the drapes, and your head ison fire, and you know you are tired,but it's too late to sleep, so awakeyou must keep, you walk out in ahaze (a stupified daze), to collapsein the shower, where you spend thenext hour, and then make it outside,feeling somewhat revived, you thenstagger to class, 'fore the deadlinehas passed, and hand all your work .in on time,But the morning has come, andthe work is all done, and the nighthas beeu long, ditto ditto this song,and this last line is just to rhyme


8/16

June 1987 Iron Warriorost lgi by Geoff Vona

This month's nostalgia articledeals with something near and dearto our hearts: funding. The May 27,1982 issue of the Iron Warrior wasalmost entirely devoted to the issueof the QEMF (Quality of Engineering Maintenance Fund). Articles included a cover piece by Mark Liddyexplaining what the QEMF was, anopinion from Eng. Soc. presidentMark Liddy, and a point/counterpoint on the QEMF. In addition,there was a Plummer's Forum" inwhich the opinions of three engineers were given.

The article by Mark Liddy outlined the purpose of the QEMF:"In February of 1982 the electedexecutive of Engineering Society. "A" met to consider the possibilityof establishing a compulsory fee to

maintain the quality of engineeringeducation at the University of Waterloo. The meeting was a result ofa motion tabled at the EngineeringSociety "A)' Council Meeting heldon February 9, 1982.The outcome of this meeting wasto recommend to Council that approval in principle be I ;iven to the

establishment of the compulsory fee ,and if such approval is given , thatthe process of holding the requiredreferendum be undertaken in thenear future. "

Mark went on to explain theplight of the universities in termsof funding. The fund was to bea mandatory fee imposed upon andcontrolled by the engineering st u-dents at UW .

"It is proposed that an initia l contribution of $50 per term be levied.In addition, the contribution wouldincrease by an amount controlledby the Consumer Price Index whichwould insure that the fund does notdecrease drastically in terms of realdollars."

The fund was to be assigned tothree main areas of need: equipment, Teaching Assistants, andclassroom expansion. t was to becontrolled by engineering studentsthrough a committee that wouldreport to the Engineering Societycouncil. Only students returningfrom a work term were expected tocontribute.n his editorial, Mark Liddypointed out that not only would thE

fee help ease the financial burdensof t he Engineering Faculty, but thatit would bring pressure to bear onthe government by showing that theproblem of declining quality of education has reached such a crisisthat the students are VOLUNTARILY increasing their tuition fees" .The point / counter-point featuredan article in favour of the QEMFby the Iron Warrior , and an article against by Dennis Van Decker.The Iron Warrior interviewed staffand students, and said that theconsensus is towards the creation ofthe QEMF" . It pointed out that thefund, while not very large, was astart towards a solution . Again, the"indirect signal to the government"was mentioned .

"Unlike some actions that havebeen present on University Campuses in recent history, the QEMFis a positive statement that studentsare ready to shoulder some of theresponsibility of their education. tis hoped that the government andindustry will be sympathetic to ourplight."

The article concluded with a foreshadowing of the recent ComputerFee: "an extra charge of some type

Waterloo Wins uelathonby Dan St. Louis

For the first time since 1982 , th eUniver' of W t 1 01) theest student entry in the Shell Fuelathon competition, and for the firsttime ever has claimed the best overall trophy with a mileage of 4193.8mpg. This achievement is the thirdbest ever in the worldThe winning car was designedand built by two third year mechanical engineering students - DanSt. Louis and Frank Kamler under the supervision of Professor Mo-

FRRRH S

haupt, and was driven by third year"mechy" Jeremy Tavares.Design of the 78 pound vehicle began in the summer of 1986, soona ter tne 1986 "fuelathon" whereFrank and Dan helped the schoolproduce its best ever performanceof 1726 mpg. With one season under their be lt, which included watching Saskatchewan set a world record,the two third year designers set offthe design and build, from scratch,a new car. The key to their success, was in a word preparation .From writing their own computer

FOODMRRTresh in store b kery

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simulation to designing and machining their own wheels and clutch tospec- , every aspect of the design wasanalysed, tested, and refined.The work was rewarded . Two trophys are now displayed in E3, forbest student and best overall per-

9

may be inevitable according to DeanMcLaughlin ." .Dennis Van Decker's artic le statedthat the fund was insignificant andwould have little, if any, financial influence . He also pointed out that

"in tough economic times the students rather than the governmentare being asked to contribute morethan their traditional share of educational costs ." . In addition, hementioned that fears of Waterloolosing its APEO accreditation werenot as critical as perceived." .

Several things come to mind after reading this particular issue ofthe Iron Warrior . First is the overwhelmingly pro-QEMF tone of thepaper. After all, the pro-QEMF article in the point/counter-point waswritten by Iron Warrior staff Second is the concern expressed by students about the quality of education . The rest of the issue contained numerous articles and letterson engineering at Waterloo. In thesedays of apathy , is the concern stillthere? Finally, there is the obviousparallel between the funding situation in 1982 and the funding situation in 1987. Will there ever be afinal solution?

formance; the school was awardeda $2000 cash prize; and an addedbonus for this year, the Waterloo team is being sent to LondonEngland for a w ek to compete inthe British competition, all expensespaid for by Shell Canada .


9/16

10 ron Warrior June 1987Formula S E Results (our kevlar intake manifold). Oursecond surprise was winning a special awarcl.or team sportsman..;hipgiven to the team most noticeablefor being friendly and co-operative

and o n d u ~ m g themselves in a professional, sportsman-like manner. Afurther bonus Vvas being recognizedfor havlllg the best, most completer:osting report . But the crowningglory was placing fourth o' erall outof the thirty-thr.:e teams entered.

by Cathy WiltonAs you mayor may not know,Waterloo, for the first time ever,

entered the Formula SAE competition this year . The team has justreturned from the competition andhad this to say about it .

We left Monday (only 5 hourslater than planned ) and afterdriving 26 hours straight , arrivedlate Tuesday afternoon . The 90(F ) temperatures turned to thundershowers by Wednesday moring, butwe still got the car out and did somepracticing. Everything was runninggreat.

Thursday (to the accompanimentof more rain, tornado warnings andflash flood watches) we completedthe static events in which we placedfifth.Friday we awoke to more rainwhich meant the day s events werea couple of hours late in starting.First was the acceleration run . Anddisaster struck Our beaut,iful lowend response was gone. Both driversturned in disasterous times whichresulted in the team receiving noneof the possible 100 points for thatevent. Frantic efforts turned up abroken spring on the secondary, arock in the primary jet and dirt inthe float bowl. Yet stil l the problem persisted. Fortunately, it didnot hurt the skid pad event which requires even throttle and our driversfinished sixth. Finally, it occurredto us. Wednesday s practice had finish the as we brou wi h usfrom Canada and we had switchedto gas purchased locally on Fridaymorning. Since Texas is hotter, thegas there is set to evaporate at ahigher temperature than Canadiangas. Our problem was fuel starvation Rejetting solved the problem in time for the manoeuverability

a m

and fuel economy events in which weplaced sixth and third respectively.Saturday dawned clear and hot.

Our fuel problems the day before,coupled with lack of sleep had left uspretty down until Saturday morningwhen we found out that we were st illin fifth place in spite of getting no

score in the acceleration event. Spirits suitably bouyed, as we began ourwarm up laps.

At this point, the car decided tostrip down a bit. During a sharpdeceleration into a curve, the nosepanel came loode and skidded awayfrom the car in a straight line whilethe car completed its laps, nose-less.Schlueter Cbev-Olds will be happyto hear that their paint job sustained only minor damage, and aroll of duct tape ensured that thepanel remained attached for the actual race. 'With warm ups completed, thewaiting began. Picture this if youwill. The Maryland team on oneside with a lighted trfliler acting as

5, What was Jennieclaim to fame?6. What kind of sports car did

Maxwell Smart drive?

a portable shop and 11 team members swarming over their cars; theTexas team on the other with 19team members frantically trying tojump start their vehicles; and theU of W team in between, sitting onbuckets under a tree and munchingon apples. With the fuel problem

solved, we had nothing to do butwait . And wait, and wait.Finally, our turn came. The carperformed beautifully in both heats.In fact, it was one of only 3 thatcompleted both heats without a mechanical failure. When it was over,our drivers had placed third (special thanks to Spenard-David racingschool).

The awards banque was thatevening and other than our own unofficial tim.ing which had pJacep ussomewhere the top ten for theendurance event, we had no ideaof how we had finished. The first.surprise came 'vhen we were oneof four teams given special mentionfor the innovative use of comDosites

The only other Canadiall team,Eco " Polytechrmpions and set out to getdrunk. We had all agref:d not todrink prior to and during the competition, but we quickly made upfor lost time. Fortunately, you can tget drun: on American beH, so although we had not slept much, wewere stili able to stagger out of bedbright and early Sunday morning tostart back to Waterloo.

And here we are. This has woundup our schooling and we are allready to start work. The 1988team attended a couple of d?.ys ofthe competition and are raring togo with modifications and improvements for next year. We are expecti'ng even better thine; ; ; from them.Next year, the competition will berun in Detroit at the La .uence Institute of Technology. r ~ s t of luckguys

We have so many people to thankwe could not possibly list them all,but believe us when we say that thisproject could not have been completed without the time and commitment of a lot of different people.To all of them: thank-you.

And so, from the 1981 U of W Formula E team , thanks again andgood-bye.

The SAE team are:Al AshtonChris ClementsMatt CrossleyEvan JonesCathy WiltonProf. Alan Ha.le

ntroducing the IEEEby Alan J. FerS usonChairman, IEEE Student Branch

The Institute of Electrical and Several societies have already ex-Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Stu- pressed interest in participating indent Branch represents the inter- this event. They include:ests of engineering students in theDepartment of Electrical Engineering and the Department of SystemsDesign. One goal of the IEEEthis term is to promote awarenessand cooperation between the various technical societies on campus.Events have already been plannedsuch as the Brick brewery tour (cosponsored by the Chern Eng Society and the IEEE) and a lunchtimeseminar with the vice-chairman ofSPAR AEROSPACE (co-sponsoredby CSME/ASME/SAE and theIEEE).In addition, a major technicalcareers fair is being planned forthe Winter '88 term. This eventwould involve companies representing each participating technical society and university students fromacross southern Ontario. It is tentatively planned for the second week ofthe term; before graduate interviewsstart. This will provide an opportunity for graduating students and coop students to meet prospective employers before the interviewing process begins.

Chern Eng Soc - chemical engi-neerIng CSME/ASME/SAE - mechanical engineering CSCE - civil engineering IEEE- electricaljcomputer systemsdesign CS Club - computer scienceIn order to gain experience withregard to holding a careers fair, the

IEEE Student Branch held a careersfair on June 10, 1987 in the Festival Room at South Campus Hall.Representatives from the interestedtechnical societies were in attendance to obtain a first hand view ofthe careers fair. Committee chairman Dave Brown stated that thE'event was a qualified success. Attendance was just over 100. The experience gained this term will help toensure that next term s event will bea huge success.


10/16

June 1987 Iron Warrior 11WorldNewsBriefsby Barbara Adey

Canada Post LetterCarriers on StrikeCanada Post has been a Crowncorporation since 1981 and was ex

pected to eliminate its operatingdeficit by fiscal 1986-87. This deadline has been extended to March 31 ,1988, less than a year away.The issue of financial viability hascome to a head with the current letter carriers' contract dispute . Theletter carriers average 17 days ofabsence annually (as compared to6 days a year for Canadians as aw hole) . Also, many carriers cancomplete their eight-hour route infive hours and then cover an absen

tee's walk as well (at time-and-ahalf), thus receiving 15 1/2 hourspay for ten hours work.With the unwillingness of theunion to make the concessions necessary to improve productivity, andParliament's reluctance to legislatethe letter carriers back to work, onlyone solution remains.

Canada Post can continue to operate at its present level of incompetence if the price of postage for afirst-class letter is raised to 75 cents.

Doug Wright nnouncesFinancial ReorganizationJorUW

Dr. Wright emerged from thismonth's Board of Governors meeting with a new plan to ease UW'sfinancial woes. The cornerstone ofthe plan is the incorporation of theuniversity and the designation ofeach faculty as a profit centre.This is the only Ontario university which was not created by thegovernment or a religious institution, but by a group of industrialists, beamed Dr. Wright. With

the spirit of our founding fathers inmind and a little creative accounting, we WILL survive the abolitionof the computer fee.A share issue is in the works forUWInc on the Toronto, New Yorkand Tokyo exchanges.

Jim and Tammy BakkerSearchJor New DirectionWith their .ungracious fall fromthe leadership of the PTL Club, Jim

and Tammy Bakker are now facedwith finding a new way to supporttheir extravagant lifestyle. Unfortunately, an offer is not forthcomingfrom the Fox Broadcasting networkto replace Joan Rivers on the LateShow.

Opening oJDavis BuildingPostponed Again

The opening of the William G .Davis Centre for Computer Research has been postponed for another four months . Thus , the building will not be open until the Winter'88 term .

The delay was necessitated whenPlant Operations announced thata lighting system, which was overlooked in the original architecturalplan, would have to be retroactivelyinstalled.

Huggy's DonationSaves Dean LennoxEng Soc treasurer Dave de Pasqualeannounced earlier this month that adonation of 1.3 million was received from Huggy's Video Loungefor Dean Lennox's undergraduatelab fund. This eleventh-hour contribution put the fund over the eightmillion dollar mark just as Professor Lennox was preparing to cloisterhimself in CPH for a week of fastingand praying.

The dean had warned in Marchthat if he did not raise $8 millionfor the Faculty, God will take mehome . He was not co ncerned abou tthe moral integrity of the donor organization, citing government cutbacks and obsolescence of lab equipment in Engineering as more pressing problems.Morty Schmoester, the owner ofHuggy's, stated that he felt it wasonly fair to donate to the cause.The engineering students are loyal

customers of ours, particularly forthe Wednesday night wet T-shirtcontests. It was the least I coulddo.

Mulroney Flexibleon Free TradeDuring a photo opportunity at

the Western economic summit inVenice, Ronald Reagan and BrianMulroney engaged in an animateddiscussion of the free trade talks. Mulroney seems unperturbed by theproblems presented by the protectionist u s Congress, and intends topress on with or without a mandatefrom the provincial premiers or theCanadian people.

Mulroney is determined to gainaccess to the American market atany cost. He brushes off concernsabout cultural sovereignty with atwinkle of his Irish eyes: Afte rall, he quipped, Irv Weinstein andChannel Seven news are already anintegral part of life in south-centralOntario.

.As a result, Tammy has turnedher talents to the burgeoning market for Believercize. In six months ofan aerobics program choreographedto Christian rock she intends to acquire a body to rival Jane Fonda's.Tammy's fans will delig ht in following her progress, and huge sales arepredicted for her book and videocassette titled TAMMY BAKKER'SWORKOUT (suggested retail price$89.99).

Fire in North To.Details at eleven.

Sandford FlemingFoundation Winnersby Tracy Renaud

Once again, the time of year hascome for outstanding students to b >re ognized by the Sandford Fleming Foundation. At th onvoC f\-tion ceremony on May 30th, levgraduates were awarded with Silv rMedals. Two types of awards, onefor co-operativ proficiency and theother for academic excellence, aregiven to a student in each discipline.This year's recipients are:

Co-operative Proficiency Medal

Robert David Klassen - Chemical William Harrington Boyce -Civil Michael Lewis Takefman - Electical Cecil Bauman - Mechanical Richard John Karner - Systems

DesignAcademic Excellence Medal

Janet Ann McVeigh - Chemical Lawrence Russel Rilett - Civil Brian Alexander White - Electrical Jean Iorio - Mechanical Nutan Behki - Systems Design

Richard Philip Neidert -tems J '. ign - Mallllgcmt'ntn Opt.ion

Two stud nt.s in 3D w rewith Travel G rant of $500 eachthis past t rm. Tom Lee (38 Sys.Design) and Mike Neuclocrffer (3DEI ctriesl) used their grants to att nd the International onfetcncon Computer Assisted Learning inPost-Secondary F.ducation. Theypresented papers at thie conference,held in Calgary from May 5 - 7. Thetheme of the conference was Learning in Future Education . Anothergrant of $500 has been awarded toAbyd Kormali (4A Chemical) to assist him in paying expenses when heattends the Youth Building the Future conference in Australia

Another recipient of an SFaward at the May 30th convoc .was Alexander McGowan. Heceived an award granted onlytime to time to a graduatingdent who has made significanttributions to Co-operative l'.inllw t e E ~ r 1ing Education. This award is entitled the John Fisher AwardLeadership. The award consistsa citation, and an Honorarium$1,000. Nominations for the awardmay come from student organizations, faculty members or from theFoundation itself. The award hasbeen named in recognition of theoutstanding contributions made byDr. John Fisher, the former chairman of the SFF, towards the Foundation and its activities.


11/16

2 Iron Warrior June 1987Engineering -Mind Heart nd Visionby Sean McKinnon

On Monday May 18th a groupof about 40 University of Waterloo Engineering students took Montreal by storm to help celebrate thelOOth Annivers ary of Engineering asan organized profession in Canada.The Canadian Engineering Centennial Conference was held May 18th-23rd in Montreal and was attendedby almost 800 Engineering studentsfrom as far away as U.Vic in B.C.and Memorial in Newfoundland , aswell as thousands of ProfessionalEngineers.

The week was, to put it mildly,a blast In the five short daysthat we were there, we managedto fit in : an Expo game at theOlympic Dome Stadium (before it

started leaking), a trip to Ben 'sand Dunn's for smoked meat sand-wiches and strawberry cheese cake,trips to Fairmont and St. Viateurfor bagels (at 4:OOam), Notre DameCathedral, Old Montreal , the topof Mount Royal , the Peel Pub(s)for $5.50 pitchers, shopping on Ste .Catherine and Ste. Denis streets,a PolyParty at l 'Ecole du Polytechnique, a banquet featuring theHonorable Marcel Masse (Ministerof Energy, Mines, and Resources),the Leonardo da Vinci exhibit, anda Hologram display at Expotech.Some of us even managed to squeezein a few of the technical sessionsat the Palais de Congres (wherethe conference was supposed to havetaken place) .

We all stayed at the University of

THE HOTTEST EVENT OF THE TERM ...

FRIDAY, JULY 17TICKETS ARE 40 PER PERSON INCLUDING:- Bus tr ip to and from Toronto- Bar-be-qued meal on board- ALL YOU CAN DRINK III

BUS LEAVES THE E1 CUL DE SAC AT 4:45 pm ON JULY 17TICKETS ARE ON SALE IN THE ORIFICE FROM JUNE 29 - JULY 10

McGill residences (except for thosewho already had plates to stay inMontreal), and most of us Waterloo type people were in Molson Hall(what a name). We were treatedto breakfast (if you could get up at6:45-7:30) and dinner each day, andof course there was the CentennialCafe which was set up for the conference selling beer at a buck a shot.

The first day of the conference wasclassic: after missing breakfast andthe bus to the Palais de Congres,Wedge and 1 decided it was a niceday for a walk. So we headed outinto the Montreal sunshine in ourshorts and Hawaiian shirts. s weneared the Palais I thought we mightbe a little underdressed for the conference . Upon entering the building it was clear that we had madea big mistake, the entire place wasfilled with suits . It wasn't that badhowever when we realized that a fewother knobs were wearing the samethings as us. Steve Pitkanen savedthe day when he rushed up to us andsaid "God I'm glad to see you guysdressed like that ", and promptlyplopped himself (shorts and all) ontothe middle of the floor due to lackof chair space. Actually, a lot of theP.Eng types were wishing they coulddress like us, except that they had torepresent their companies, etc. Thetechnical sessions that we made it towere pretty interesting, they rangedfrom discussions on cancer and ra-diation to artificial intelligence andlasers.The Leonardo da Vinci exhibitwas impressive, it was hard to believe that one man during his timeperiod could have been an engIneer,

MR GROCER

architect, astrologer, doctor, artist,sculptor, and just about anythingelse you could imagine.

The hologram display at Expotech was just incredible. If youthought that the bird on your VISAcard was cool, then you would beblown away by the holograms at Ex-potech. Imagine looking at a picture hanging on a wall, except thatthe image in the picture extends twofeet into the wall and a foot out, soyou lift the picture off the wall andits only a half inch thick and there'snothing behind it except wall Or,you see a hologram of a microscopesticking out of the wall , so yo.u walkup to it and look through (beingcareful not to poke your eye with thelens) and you discover that it reallydoes magnify Or, you look at a picture of a carnival midway, and say"Wow, that's boring", but as youstart to walk away, all the peoplein the picture start to walk acrossthe midway Those are just a few ofthe holograms that were on display.The show runs until September, soif you are going to be in Montreal,don't miss it .

All in all -the week was one thatI will never forget, and it only cost$175. Special thanks should goto all of the organizers: COFIQ,McGill, l'Ecole du Poly technique,and the Student Centennial Committee. Many new friends weremade, and if all goes well, we shouldhave another huge celebration after the next one hundred years, although we'd like to have it muchsooner (maybe the Calgary guys willinvite us all out to go skiing nextwinter before the Olympics)

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12/16

June 1987 ron WarriorThe Lighter Si eEng Soc Why Botherby WedgeIt was a boring afternoon sometime in March of '86 when I decidedto fill out a directorship applicationfor the Engineering Society. Having never really bothered with extra curricular activities, I thoughtit was time to try something new.Although I was not sure that I hadthe time for the position and that Icared to get involved, I completedthe application anyway . Was 1 infor a big surprise Not only did Ihave more time for school and socialactivities, but I started to actuallycare about school activities. Thebest way to explain the time issueis to understand the importance oftime management. Now that shouldnot be hard to understand since Iam writing to an engineering audience. With a position in Eng . Soc.there is a certain amount of timeyou must commit. Of course, thisamount is determined by how muchyou want to contribute. I found thathaving less time available made meuse my spare time more carefully. Sothat means that I cannot sit in frontof the -TV for several hours a night.What a lossAside from the time considerations, I found that my apathetic at-

titude changed. That pub at FedHall, Blue Jays roadtrip, or Drinkor Drown boat cruise became morethan just another social event to attend (or attempt to). Instead theybecame part of my education. f youthink it is fun to go to such an eventand drink your face off, try being theone who made it possible for everyone to go. Its a much better feelingand you can still drink you face off.Some of the other benefits ofEng. Soc. involvement are organizational experience, money management, responsibility delegation andall around social exposure. Beingone of the people responsible for offering s t u ~ e n t s as many services aspossible, be it social or academic,raises many organizational duties.For example, managing a darkroom,film distribution and co-ordinatingphoto reps offers valuable experience in organizational and management skills. If I still have not convinced you, then try being responsible for all the events during Eng.Week/Weekend. Do not get mewrong, I am not saying that it is difficult. Any fool could probably do it.But the experience is amazing and,more importantly, it is FunlOrientation is another activity 1should mention. This event is spe-

cia.l to me because the previous orientation was the start of my involvement with Eng. Soc. Did you enjoy your own orientation? f youdid (and I hope most of you did)then I would like to give you somegood news. Helping to organize andrun orientation is probably more funthan being the silly frosh who getdumped on .By now I will assume that if youare still reading th is article you mustbe interested. Well, again I havegood news. Everything that I havedescribed can be yours at no extra cost (remember, once you buya prize it is yours to keep) . Thekey word is involvement. The firststep is to say "what the hell" andcome down to the orifice and nosearound a little. Come in and asksome questions. You should find thepeople extremely friendly and willing to answer your questions. Whatquestions should you be asking? Trystarting with the question, is thereanything that I can help with . fthere is anything special that youcan do like drawing, writing, or photography then it would be good ideato mention that. I am sure that ifyou approach me or my wonderfulpartner Max we will find somethingfor you to do. A Eng. Week eventwould be highly likely. f you cannotfind the person you are looking forthen try leaving a message in theirmisses with people, paddles{thanksJohn), buckets{thanks Sev) and one

t c t lens mine .

by Matt SnellRumours of a Russian amphibious attack down the Ottawa riveron June 6th have been investigatedand we can at this time assure youno such attack took place. However,something worse did occur . Something so terrible that it has takennearly two weeks of exhaustive research to uncover all the facts andbring them to you today. The fol

lowing is a true storYi no names havebeen changed since none are innocent.On Friday June 5, over 200 University students decended like aplague of locusts on the Wilderness Tours Rafting company campground . They came from everywhere; Waterloo, Kingston, Torontoand yes, even as far as NewBrunswick. Their first evening wasspent by the campfire singing the oldcamp favourites but as the eveningwore on the cold of the night aircaused them to retreat to the confines of the local watering hole

"RAFTERS". Here they proceededto disprove all current medical theorys on bhe maximum alcohol intakeof t.he human body.As the sun rose it found ourrafters asleep in their tents slowlystirring to prepare for the day on thewater. The group began to assemblein 'their rafts of 12 to don their costumes for the days activities. Firston the list was the costume contest which F.L.A.M. (a team fromthe University of New Brunswick)won hands down with their sportysou wester hats and yellow shorts.Then it was off to the rapids for a

day none would soon forget.Upon arrival at the river eachgroup gained a raft and guide outfitted with all the essentials; paddles, I fejackets, crash helmets andthe all important bucket. After abrief talk on how to survive the day,lines were cast off and the trip began. It started off slowly, takingnearly 10 nano seconds for the firstwater fight to start and things went

downhill from there.The day progressed through 5 or6 sets of rapids and one bar-b- quelunch. Traversing the rapids issomething which is not easily set towords but, to say the least, hittinga wall of water 3 times the height ofyour raft is a humbling experience.We did however all make it throughin one piece in spite of a few near

The day t e r fitulJ offwith a 1/2 mile paddle race and acold beer that was deeply appreciated by all (the beer not the race,just in case there was any confusion). Thenitwasbacktoth campground for the rest of the competitive portion of the weekend .Wha.t followed was th rin stsports competition that this reporter has seen since the 1984olympics. The events included watermelon football, volleyball and the

all important boat racing, the kindnot performed on water. It shouldbe noted that the raft guides putin a mens team which lost in thefinals to the "TOAST" raft. Highhonours for the womans team wentto "KIN WE RAFT" who beat out"CLASH" in the finals.Each of these events gained pointsin the overall standings for the

13

mail box. There will not be a postalstrike in the orificelIn addition to (or an alternativeto) this first step, you can pick upa directorship application form. Itwill be posted when they becomeavailable. By merely completingthis one page application ( it is nota test) you will become eligible forone of these positions (I should bein sales?). I would like to stressthat anyone who is interested shouldmake an attempt to get involved. tdoes not matter if you are in first,or even fourth year. By volunteering early, you will have a chance toeventually run for an elected position ( something that I am now regretting).In closing I would like to furtherstress the enjoyment that I have received from the Engineering Society.It tends to give you a new perspective on life as a student. The mixture of academics and extra curricular involvement is something thatvery few could argue against . Mymotive for this article was not necessarily to promote Eng. Soc., but totry and give everyone the opportunity to experience what I have in thepast two terms. And if I still havenot convinced you to get involved,then I hope I have at least given youthe incentive to pay attention to theEng. Soc. elections and vote for thebest candidates.

rafts participating, and even morepoints for those that won. TheeveninJi a ain finished off back at-RAFTEi io tbatf t bllgb til.I1t;our wounds and speak of our grandadventure.For those few stout of heart whobraved the clouda and rain of Sunday t.he competitiolls continued withthe voll yball and watermelon football final a.. l well t.h aquaticevents; cano'ing, windsurfing andkayaking. An aquat ic honollrablm ntion must be mad for Chris theLumberjack (Val's boy friend) whowas the all star water sportsmanwinning tht- kayaking and canoeingevents (his star bowsman in the canoe being our very own Va.I) .As the morning drew to a closeour Price Waterhouse accountants(Wedge and Bruce) were called in totally the scorea so that the presentat.ion ceremony could begin. The results - First place went to 12 DeadMilkmen" with captain Scott Molnar and 2nd place went to "CLASH"with captain Wedge. Congratulations go to all competitors and organizers for making each of the eventssuch a success. A special notewas made that only one raft gainedpoints in all event.s and that raft was"CLASH". Congrat.ulations to Val,Chris, Bill, Karen, Ivan, Gary, Sean,Sev, John, Sandy, Matt and CaptainWedge.. So the time for tearful goodbyeshad come. We said farewell to ~ u rfriends from across the country withpromises of doing it again real soon(rumours of skiing at Whistler werein the air). Overall a great time washad by all and extra special thankshave to be made to Pete and Scottfor making the trip a reality. Mayyour raft always go vertical in a hydraulic.P.S. F .L.A.'M. stands for "F$#@Like A Mink" .


13/16

4 Iron Warrior June 1987

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IIIIII

Straight Fromthe Orifice

by Matt SnellYes it is that time agam. The

time to recover from our midtermcrisis. Well, here are some Eng. Soc.events and other news to help youget through this trying time.As you probably know, the BlueJays road trip is a reality. We willbe there in full force to root thehome team on to victory over theNew York Yankees on June 30th. Atpress time we had sold tickets forfour bus loads and there were rumours of more tickets being available. I f you are interested, head toyour friendly neighbourhood orificefor more info. For those of you going on the trip, get working on thosebanners for the big banner contest.Let us show those Toronto fans thatfamous Waterloo spirit.

The Eng. Soc. "Tropical Cruise"is shaping up to be the hottest eventof the term. Tickets are $40 perperson and that includes the busto and from Toronto, a scrumptiousevening meal, a romantic cruise onLake Ontario and "ALL YOU CANDRINK of your favourite alcoholicbeverage. The date of this extravaganza is Friday July 17th and thetickets are sure to go quickly. Soship yourself down to the orifice toget your ticket and do not delay oryou might miss the BOAT

Are you the kind of person wholikes a good argument? I f you areyou will love the Sandford Flemingdebates. I f you are interested incompeting or just spectating, talk toyour department debate rep or headto the ever present orifice for moredetails.

I would like to close otf on a moreserious note this week, the topic being Eng. Soc. elections. The positions open for election are: President, Vice-President, Secretary andTreasurer. I t may surprise you tohear this, but these are very important positions to the Engineering Society and filling them with the bestpeople possible is something whichshould concern all of us. If youare interested in running, nominations will open on June 29 and closeJuly 3. Nomination forms will beavailable in the orifice . If you arenot planning on trying for a position please do not turn a blind eyeto the election. I t is your responsibility as well as your right to vote forthe candidate who you feel is mostqualified. Please take this responsibility seriously and learn about eachcandidate and cast an informed voteon election day, July 10th .

T. T .F.N. your ever present reporter in the orifice - Mattman

The ther Sideof the enceby M. Vidyasagar

I was quite interested in the twoarticles that appeared under theheading Was the Grass Greener?"in the May 987 Iron Warrior. LindiWahl argues that we should all become more aware of the problemsaround us, while Horatio Bot arguesthat we are no less aware than theflower children of the sixties, but express ourselves in different ways. Asone who studied at the Universityof Wisconsin (one of the hotbedsof the anti-Viet Nam war movement and the hippy movement) during the period 1964-69, when thesemovements were at their height, Ifelt that I might add a little something the the discussion. Lindi Wahl(with the best of intentions) perpetuates a myth when she writesTwenty years ago flower children

skipped classes to march for peace,freedom and equality; . This romantic reconstru'ction of that era isquite unrelated to reality. The factis that university students starteddemonstrating against the war onlywhen it started affecting them directly. Until first Johnson and thenNixon started cutting back on draftdeferments, beginning with deferments for undergraduates (Johnson)and ending by elimin.ating them almost entirely, students were quitecontent to let others fight in VietNam. Lest one think that this isa subjective judgement on my part,let me remind the readers of the battle cry of the protesters, which was"Hell no, we won't go." Not "Hell

no, the war's wrong," but "Hellno, we won't go." One tends today to forget just how conformistthe hippies were, just because theywere conforming to a different setof standards. In terms of toler-ance for dissident viewpoints, thehippies of the sixties could haveused a few lessons from today'syoungsters . The current practiceof shouting down a speaker who issaying something with which somemembers of the audience disagreehad its genesis during the sixties,when self-righteous protesters wouldnot let Hubert Humphrey campaign,and referrred to all policemen as"pigs". Moreover, the extreme selfindulgence, exemplified by the slogan If it feels good, do it," whichis the bane of modern existence, isanother malaise inflicted on societyby the flower children. As for being aware of one's role as a smallparticle in the universal scheme ofthings, I can attest that today's students are far less ignorant than theirpredecessors twenty years ago. I canstill remember being asked whetherI had ever slept in a real bed beforeI arrived in the U.S In summary,I say to today's youngsters: By allmeans avoid getting too wrapped upin yourselves, and reflect on whatyou can do for the world at large.But heaven's sake don't go aroundwith a misplaced inferiority complex, thinking that students of another era were somehow better ormore socially responsible.


14/16

June 1987 Iron lVarrior 15Engineering ApplicationsTheoretical Limitations of Boat-Racing Timesby Dave Petro

Scientific analysis has been applied to almost every competitivesport in an attempt to maximize theperformance of athletes. Quite surprisingly, one sport that has not received much attention from the scientific community is that of boatracing. (Sci-men are still bafHed asto why boats are not required.) Andso, in a pioneering study, this article will attempt to place theoreticallimitations on the time required forone boat racing circuit.(5 guys, 10beers).

In the first step of our analysis wefirst develop a model of the humandigestive tract. See Figure 1 for anillustration of the system to be modelled. Due to an unfortunate lackof research funding, the only modeldeveloped consisted of a single-levelrectangular funnel with a cylindricaldraining tube. See Figure 2a andnote similarities with original system. (i.e. one opening for beer togo in and another to go out.)

Figure 1

w

f' 1-l4

Figure 2a "Budget" model of digestive tractThe action of racing a single beer

can be broken into three motions,backward flexion, steady state andforward flexion. During backwardflexion, the digestive path from themouth to the esophagus is raisedfrom a horizontal to an almost vertical orientation. The steady state

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phase involves steady t ate flow ofthe golden throat charmer from theglass into the mouth cavity which isdrained by the esophagus. In the final motion, forward flexion, all flowhas stopped and the glass is forceddownward.

The flow into the model racermust be considered at each of thefirst two phases . See Figure 2b foran illustration of flow during backward flexion . The flow during thisstage can be expressed as,

el in = dV to,.age + dVoutdt dt dtFrom inspection (I like to use in

spection when I can't perform thec:hrivation) the storage increase isgiven by,dVsto,.age = w8lsina)/(sin(8t+a)))dt

Using Bernoulli's equation foranalysis of the flow through thecylindrical pipe gives,Vl 1 V l ~= - (PI-PZ)+(Zl-ZZ)+2g r 2g

Figure 2b Side View of modelracer duri backward flexion

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Ignoring the pressure differential(causing those tasty burps), and assuming the initial velocity is negligible, we can simplify the final velocityto

Vz = j29(Zl - zz) = V2gL 1sin(9t)Assuming the esophagus has a diameter r at 2, we can express theflow rate out of the funnel as,

dVout v .--- = I r 2gL stn(8)dtIntegrating the sum in (l) givesVtn = wlsin(aln(tan8t+a))) .

+(1I rz/8)V6gL1cos(et)For the steady state,elVin dVout 2 ~ L '1 I r V ~ g udt dt

Assuming reasonable values forthe parameters it was determinedthat the 8 ounces could be drainedfrom the glass without spilling in approximately 0.4 s. Allowing 0.1 s.for forward flexion, the model suggests that fluid flow restrictions limitboat racing times to 5s. (5 guys, 10beers)A more e al ana YSJS, cons; -ering pipe friction and flow turbulence should show that the physicallimit is higher. Research is continuing in thi 1 l new l\IHI (' X .il

Iron Warrior: Volume 8, Issue 5

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