Introduction to smart sensors & its’ application
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INTRODUCTION TO SMART SENSORS & ITS’ APPLICATION
Presented by
PRANAY MONDAL(ACADEMY OF TECHNOLOGY)
AEIE 6TH SEMRoll no.- 47
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CONTENTS Introduction
What is Smart Sensors?
Usefulness of Si technology in Smart Sensors
Why smart sensor?
Components of smart sensor
General architecture of Smart Sensors
Evolutions of Smart Sensors
Advantages
Application of Smart Sensors
Industrial application area of Smart Sensors
Disadvantages
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INTRODUCTION sensors are capable of manipulation and
computation of the sensor-derived data
Sensor + interfacing circuit = smart sensor
Capable of * logic functions, * two-way communication, * make decisions.
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WHAT IS SMART SENSORS
A sensor producing an electrical output when combined with interfacing electronic circuits is known as “Smart Sensor", it is a combination of both sensor and actuator.
It simply physical, biological or chemical input & converts it to the measured value into a digital format.
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USEFULNESS OS SILICON TECHNOLOGY IN SMART SENSORS
Single chip solution
Very small in size
Less space in configuration
Work with small signals
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WHY SMART SENSORS?
Smart sensor enhances the following applications:
Self calibration: Adjust deviation of o/p of sensor from desired value.
Communication: Broadcast information about its own status.
Computation: Allows one to obtain the average, variance and standard deviation for the set of measurements.
Multisensing: A single smart sensor can measure pressure, temperature, humidity, gas flow and infrared, chemical reaction surface acoustic vapour etc.
Cost effective: less hardware and reduction of repetitive testing make smart sensor cost effective.
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COMPONENTS OF SMART SENSORS
Communications Interface Control Message Routing TIM Discovery and Control Data Correction Interpretation of TEDS
Data Message Encoding and Decoding
TEDS Storage Analog Signal Conditioning Triggering Analog to Digital Conversion Command Processing Data Transfer Communications
I. Network CapableApplication Processor(NCAP)
II. Transducer Interface Module (TIM)
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GENERAL ARCHITECTURE OF SMART SENOSRS
The generalized architecture of smart sensor is shown below:
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EVOLUTION OF SMART SENSORS
First generation devices had little, if any, electronics associated with them.
Second-generation sensors were part of purely analog systems with virtually all of the electronics remote from the sensor.
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3RD GENERATION SMART SENSOR
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4TH GENERATION SMART SENSOR
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5TH GENERATION SMART SENSOR
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ADVANTAGES
i. Minimum Interconnecting Cables
ii. High Reliability
iii. High Performance
iv. Easy to Design, Use and Maintain
v. Scalable -Flexible System
vi. Small Rugged Packaging
vii. Minimum Cost
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APPLICATIONS OF SMART SENSORS
Accelerometer:• It consists of the sensing
element and electronics on silicon. The accelerometer itself is a metal-coated SiO2 cantilever beam that is fabricated on silicon chip where the capacitance between the beam and the substrate provides the output signal.
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APPLICATIONS
Optical sensor: • Optical sensor is one of the
examples of smart sensor, which are used for measuring exposure in cameras, optical angle encoders and optical arrays. Similar examples are load cells silicon based pressure sensors.
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APPLICATIONS
Infrared detector array:
• It is developed at solid laboratory of university of Michigan. Here infrared sensing element is developed using polysilicon.
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APPLICATIONS
Integrated multisensor:
• This chip contains MOS devices for signal conditioning with on chip sensor. it is developed in university of California.
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INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION AREA OF SMART SENSORS
Structural monitoring:
• It is needed to detect damages of industrial infrastructure.
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INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
Geological mapping:
• It is needed mainly to detect the minerals on the geological areas.
• Digital imaging & interpretation of tunnel geology.
• Remote measurements of tunnel response.
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DISADVANTAGES
The smart sensor consists of both actuators & sensors, so it is more complexed than other simple sensors.
The complexity is much higher in the wired smart sensors, as a consequence the costs are also higher.
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