Introduction to GIS ModelingIntroduction to GIS Modeling Week 6 — GIS Modeling Procedures Week 6 — GIS Modeling Procedures

GEOG 3110 –University of DenverGEOG 3110 –University of Denver

Presented byPresented by Joseph K. BerryJoseph K. BerryW. M. Keck Scholar, Department of Geography, University W. M. Keck Scholar, Department of Geography, University

of Denverof Denver

Anatomy of a GIS Model (landslide susceptibility); Anatomy of a GIS Model (landslide susceptibility); Example GIS Model Example GIS Model (electric transmission line routing)(electric transmission line routing); ;

Mini-Project discussion; Mini-Project discussion; other GIS Model Examples as time allows other GIS Model Examples as time allows

(land planning, wildfire risk, pipeline routing and retail competition analysis)(land planning, wildfire risk, pipeline routing and retail competition analysis)

Online Exam 1 Online Exam 1 (Midterm)(Midterm)

This exam is a This exam is a 2.0 hour2.0 hour, , closed bookclosed book affair taken over the affair taken over the InternetInternet (honor system) (honor system)

— — you can take during any 2-hour block after you can take during any 2-hour block after 8:00 am Friday February 128:00 am Friday February 12 and and must be completed by must be completed by 5:00 pm Wednesday February 17 5:00 pm Wednesday February 17

(submit via email to jberry@innovativegis.com)(submit via email to jberry@innovativegis.com)

You will download the exam from the class website (time/date stamped) You will download the exam from the class website (time/date stamped) and email the completed document to me within and email the completed document to me within 2.0 hours2.0 hours

Note– Note– Tutor25.rgsTutor25.rgs, , Agdata.rgsAgdata.rgs, , Island.rgs, Island.rgs, Bighorn.rgs, Bighorn.rgs, GosseEgg.rgsGosseEgg.rgs and and Smallville.rgsSmallville.rgs databases databases are accessed from are accessed from MapCalcMapCalc

Have a hand Have a hand calculator calculator or or use Window’s Calculator…use Window’s Calculator…

StartStart Programs Programs AccessoriesAccessories Calculator Calculator

Note that there will be Note that there will be two parts to the examtwo parts to the exam——

answer answer FIVEFIVE questions for Part 1, questions for Part 1, ONEONE from Part 2 and from Part 2 and ONEONE from Part 3 from Part 3

(Berry)

How things workHow things work::

Choose Choose 11 of the three 25- of the three 25-point questions…point questions…

Part 2Part 2 50 Points50 Points

Mini-exercisesMini-exercises::

Choose Choose 11 of the three 25- of the three 25-point questionspoint questions

Terminology/conceptsTerminology/concepts::

Choose any Choose any 55 of the seven of the seven 20-point questions 20-point questions

(i.e., (i.e., do notdo not answer two) answer two)

Part 1Part 1 100 Points 100 Points

Class Logistics and ScheduleClass Logistics and Schedule

BerryBerry

Midterm Study Questions (hopefully you are participating in a study group)(hopefully you are participating in a study group)

Midterm Exam Midterm Exam ……you will download and take the 2-hour exam online (honor system) sometime between you will download and take the 2-hour exam online (honor system) sometime between 8:00 am Friday February 138:00 am Friday February 13 and must be completed by and must be completed by 5:00 pm Wednesday February 175:00 pm Wednesday February 17

Exercise #6 Exercise #6 ((mini-projectmini-project) ) — you will form — you will form your own teamsyour own teams (1 to 3 members) and tackle one of five (1 to 3 members) and tackle one of five projects; we will discuss the project “opportunities” in great detail later in classprojects; we will discuss the project “opportunities” in great detail later in class

… …assigned tonight Thursday, February 12 and final report assigned tonight Thursday, February 12 and final report due Sunday, February 21 by 5:00pmdue Sunday, February 21 by 5:00pm

Exercises #7 and #8Exercises #7 and #8 — to tailor your work to your interests, you can — to tailor your work to your interests, you can choose to not complete either or choose to not complete either or both both of these standard exercises; in lieu of an exercise, however, you must submit a short paper (4-8 pages) on a of these standard exercises; in lieu of an exercise, however, you must submit a short paper (4-8 pages) on a GIS modeling topic of your own choosing.GIS modeling topic of your own choosing.

Final Exam Final Exam — to lighten the load at the end of the term, you can choose to forego the final exam; you will — to lighten the load at the end of the term, you can choose to forego the final exam; you will receive your average grade for all work to date.receive your average grade for all work to date.

Blue Light Special …20 minutes of Instructor “Help” on midterm study question “toughies “

What should we do about submitting What should we do about submitting “large” mini-Project Reports “large” mini-Project Reports …???…???

No Exercise Week 7No Exercise Week 7 — a moment for “dance of celebration”— a moment for “dance of celebration”

GIS Modeling GIS Modeling (Binary Logic; Ranking Model)(Binary Logic; Ranking Model)

(Berry)

BinaryChoropleth

Cal

cula

te

Slo

pe

Ren

um

ber

Ren

um

Ren

um

0, 1

0, 1

0, 1

0, 1

GIS Modeling GIS Modeling (Arithmetic Average; Rating Model refinement)(Arithmetic Average; Rating Model refinement)

(Berry)

RatioChoropleth

Cal

cula

te

Ren

um

ber

Ren

um

Ren

um

1 - 9

1 - 9

1 - 9

1 - 9

GIS Modeling GIS Modeling (Simple Buffer Extension)(Simple Buffer Extension)

(Berry)

Sp

read

Ren

um

ber

Cal

cula

te

0, 1

GIS Modeling GIS Modeling (Effective Buffer Extension)(Effective Buffer Extension)

(Berry)

Sp

read

Ren

um

ber

Ren

um

ber

0, 1

…but what about a refinement that would create a weighted buffer with declining weight factors for increasing distance—

0 = outside buffer 1 = road cell .9 = close to road : = increasing distance .1 = buffer edge cell

0 - 1

Transmission Line Routing Model Transmission Line Routing Model (Hypothetical)(Hypothetical)

CriteriaCriteria – the transmission line route should… – the transmission line route should…

Avoid areas ofAvoid areas of high housing densityhigh housing density ……prefer prefer lowlow housing density housing density

Avoid areas that areAvoid areas that are far from roadsfar from roads ……prefer prefer closeclose to roads to roads

Avoid areasAvoid areas within or near sensitive areaswithin or near sensitive areas ……prefer prefer farfar from sensitive areas from sensitive areas

Avoid areas of highAvoid areas of high visual exposure to housesvisual exposure to houses ……prefer prefer lowlow visual exposure visual exposure

HousesHouses

RoadsRoads

Sensitive AreasSensitive Areas

HousesHouses

ElevationElevation

GoalGoal – identify the– identify the best route for an electric best route for an electric transmission linetransmission line that considers various criteria that considers various criteria for minimizing adverse impacts.for minimizing adverse impacts.

Existing PowerlineExisting Powerline

Proposed Proposed SubstationSubstation

(Berry)((See Beyond Mapping III, Topic 19 for more information), Topic 19 for more information)

Routing and Optimal Paths Routing and Optimal Paths (avoid high housing density)(avoid high housing density)

ACCUMULATEDACCUMULATEDPREFERENCEPREFERENCE

SURFACESURFACE

EXISTINGEXISTINGPOWERLINEPOWERLINE

(START)(START)

Step 2.Step 2. Accumulated Accumulated Preference from the Preference from the existing powerline to existing powerline to all other locations is all other locations is generated based on generated based on the the Discrete Discrete PreferencePreference map. map.

AVOID AREAS OF HIGH AVOID AREAS OF HIGH HOUSING DENSITYHOUSING DENSITY

Step 1. Housing DensityHousing Density levels (0-83 houses) levels (0-83 houses) are translated into values indicating relative are translated into values indicating relative preference (1= most preferred to 9=least preference (1= most preferred to 9=least preferred) for siting a transmission line at preferred) for siting a transmission line at every location in the project area. every location in the project area.

HOUSESHOUSES HOUSING HOUSING DENSITYDENSITY

DISCRETEDISCRETEPREFERENCEPREFERENCE

MAPMAP

Least preferred(high cost)

Most preferred(low cost)

(Berry)

MOST MOST PREFERRED PREFERRED

ROUTEROUTE

PROPOSEDPROPOSEDSUBSTATIONSUBSTATION

(END)(END)

Step 3.Step 3. The steepest The steepest downhill path from downhill path from the Substation over the Substation over the the Accumulated Accumulated PreferencePreference surface surface identifies the “most identifies the “most preferred route”—preferred route”—

Most Preferred RouteMost Preferred Routeavoiding areas of high avoiding areas of high

visual exposurevisual exposure

Single-criteria ModelSingle-criteria Model

Routing Model Flowchart Routing Model Flowchart (Model Logic)(Model Logic)

Model logic is captured in a flowchart where the Model logic is captured in a flowchart where the boxes represent boxes represent mapsmaps and and lines identify processinglines identify processing steps leading to a spatial solution steps leading to a spatial solution

High Housing High Housing Density Density …build on…build on this single factorthis single factor

Far from RoadsFar from Roads

In or Near In or Near Sensitive AreasSensitive Areas

High Visual High Visual Exposure Exposure

Avoid areas of…Avoid areas of…“Algorithm” “Calibrate” “Weight”

WithinWithin a single map layera single map layer

AmongAmong a set of map layersa set of map layers

(Berry)Multi-criteria ModelMulti-criteria Model

Routing Model Flowchart Routing Model Flowchart (Model Logic)(Model Logic)

Model logic is captured in a flowchart where the boxes represent Model logic is captured in a flowchart where the boxes represent maps and lines identify processing steps leading to a spatial solutionmaps and lines identify processing steps leading to a spatial solution

Step 2Step 2

Generate anGenerate an Accumulated Accumulated PreferencePreference surface surface from the starting from the starting location to location to everywhereeverywhere

Step 2

Start

Step 1Step 1

Identify overall Identify overall Discrete PreferenceDiscrete Preference (1 Good to 9 Bad rating)(1 Good to 9 Bad rating)

Step 1

“Algorithm” “Calibrate” “Weight”

WithinWithin a single map layera single map layer

AmongAmong a set of map layersa set of map layers

(Berry)

Step 3Step 3

Identify theIdentify the Most Most Preferred RoutePreferred Route from the end from the end locationlocation

Step 3

End

End

Start

BestRoute

AccumulationSurface

Route

Most Preferred

Discrete Preference Map

Least Preferred

…identifies the “relative preference” of locating a route at any location throughout a project area

considering all four criteria

[avoid areas of High Housing Density, Far from Roads, In/Near Sensitive Areas and High Visual Exposure]

Most Preferred

“Pass”

“Mountain” of impedance

(avoid)

Step 1Step 1 Discrete Preference Map Discrete Preference Map

CalibrateCalibrate

……thenthen

WeightWeight

HDensity

RProximity

SAreas

VExposure

(Berry)

Step 2Step 2 Accumulated Preference Map Accumulated Preference Map

Splash Algorithm – like tossing a stick into a pond with Splash Algorithm – like tossing a stick into a pond with waves emanating out waves emanating out and accumulating preferenceand accumulating preference as the wave front moves as the wave front moves

Accumulated Preference Map (most preferred) “Pass”

(most preferred) “Pass”

…identifies the “total incurred preference” (minimal avoidance) to locate the preferred route from a Starting location to everywhere in the project area

(Berry)

(digital slide show (digital slide show AccumSurface))

Step 3Step 3 Most Preferred Route Most Preferred Route

Optimal Route

(most preferred) “Pass”

(most preferred) “Pass”

…the steepest downhill path from the End over the accumulated preference surface identifies the optimal

route that minimizes traversing areas to avoid (most suitable)

(Berry)

(digital video (digital video OptimalPath))

Note: Note: StraighteningStraightening and and CenteringCentering techniques can be applied techniques can be applied …see …see Beyond Mapping III, Topic 19 for more information, Topic 19 for more information

Step 4Step 4 Generating Optimal Path Corridors Generating Optimal Path Corridors

(most preferred) “Pass”

(most preferred) “Pass”

Optimal Corridor

(Berry)

(digital slide show TotalAccumulation.ppt)(digital slide show TotalAccumulation.ppt)

…the accumulation surfaces from the Start to the End locations are added together to create a total

accumulation surface—the “valley” is flooded to identify the set of nearly optimal routes

Model Results Model Results (Georgia Experience (Georgia Experience ...EPRI, GTC, Photo Science...EPRI, GTC, Photo Science))

Feature Article in GeoWorld, April, 2004Feature Article in GeoWorld, April, 2004

A Consensus Method Finds Preferred RoutingA Consensus Method Finds Preferred Routing See See www.geoplace.com/gw/2004/0404/0404pwr.aspwww.geoplace.com/gw/2004/0404/0404pwr.asp

Combining alternative corridors identifies the Combining alternative corridors identifies the decision spacedecision space reflecting various perspectives reflecting various perspectives

(Berry)

WeightWeight

CalibrateCalibrate

AvoidanceAreas

Non-Spannable

Water bodies

Mines andQuarries (actvie)

Buildings

Airports

MilitaryFacilities

EPA Superfund

Sites

State andNational

Parks

USFS Wilderness

Area

Wild/ScenicRivers

WildlifeRefuge

Listed Archeology

Sites

Listed NRHP Districts

And Buildings

City andCounty Parks

Day CareCenters

CemeteryParcels

SchoolParcels (K-12)

ChurchParcels

……maps identifying maps identifying areas that must be areas that must be avoided avoided

Routing Model FlowchartRouting Model Flowchart

(Berry)

Engineering

Linear Infrastructure

Slope

……maps of the maps of the criteriacriteria for siting are identified, for siting are identified, then interpreted by then interpreted by different stakeholder groupsdifferent stakeholder groups for for relative importancerelative importance in routing in routing

Public Lands

Floodplain

Land Cover

Wildlife Habitat

Streams/Wetlands

NaturalEnvironment

Proximity toBuildings

Spannable Lakes/Ponds

ProposedDev.s

Land Use

BuildingDensity

BuiltEnvironment

SitingModel

Simple AverageSimple AverageEqually importantEqually important

EngineeringEngineering5 times more important5 times more important

NaturalNatural5 times more important5 times more important

BuiltBuilt5 times more important5 times more important

RouteRoute

Alternate CorridorsAlternate Corridors

BuiltBuilt

NaturalNatural

EngineeringEngineering

Simple Simple (Average)(Average)

AllAll

……Alternate CorridorsAlternate Corridors for each stakeholder perspective are generated for each stakeholder perspective are generated

(Berry)

Additional Data CollectionAdditional Data Collection……extensive extensive site-specific informationsite-specific information is gathered within the is gathered within the

Alternative Corridor boundaries to aid in refining and selecting final Alternative Corridor boundaries to aid in refining and selecting final options options

(Berry)

BuiltBuilt

NaturalNatural

EngineeringEngineering

SimpleSimple

Generate Alternative Routes Generate Alternative Routes (Design Team)(Design Team)

……Design Team finalizes the Alternate RoutesDesign Team finalizes the Alternate Routes

Exceptions are noted for deviations from optimal paths within the corridor area…

…deviations outside the corridor area require variance approval

Routes are defined within the

Alternative Corridors using expert judgment.

ObjectiveObjective QuantitativeQuantitative PredictablePredictable ConsistentConsistent DefensibleDefensible

(Berry)

Routing Model Experience Routing Model Experience (Conclusions)(Conclusions)

See See www.innovativegis.com/basis/present/GW04_routing/GW_Apr04_routingPowerline.htmwww.innovativegis.com/basis/present/GW04_routing/GW_Apr04_routingPowerline.htm

Feature Article in GeoWorld, April, 2004Feature Article in GeoWorld, April, 2004““A Consensus Method Finds Preferred RoutingA Consensus Method Finds Preferred Routing” (Georgia Experience)” (Georgia Experience)

See See www.innovativegis.com/basiswww.innovativegis.com/basis, select , online book , select , online book Beyond Mapping IIIBeyond Mapping III, Topic 19 “, Topic 19 “Routing and Optimal PathsRouting and Optimal Paths””

See See www.innovativegis.com/basiswww.innovativegis.com/basis, select Column Supplements, select Column Supplements Beyond Mapping, September 03, Beyond Mapping, September 03, Delphi Delphi ((CalibrationCalibration))

See See www.innovativegis.com/basiswww.innovativegis.com/basis, select Column Supplements, select Column Supplements Beyond Mapping, September 03, Beyond Mapping, September 03, AHP AHP ((WeightingWeighting))

The Methodology is… Objective, Quantitative, Predictable, Consistent, Defensible

GIS-based approaches for routing electric transmission lines utilize relative ratings (calibration) and relative importance (weights) in considering factors affecting potential routes.

A quantitative process for establishing objective and consistent weights is critical in developing a robust and defendable transmission line siting methodology.

(Berry)

Note: there are advance techniques for Calibration and Weighting …link to CalibrateWeight.ppt

Mini-Project Mini-Project (Exercise #6)(Exercise #6)

Exercise #6 (mini-project)Exercise #6 (mini-project) — — you will form you will form your own teamsyour own teams (1 to (1 to 3 members) and 3 members) and tackle one of eight projectstackle one of eight projects

… …assigned today and final report assigned today and final report due due Sunday, February 21 by 5:00pmSunday, February 21 by 5:00pm

(Berry)

Project 1Project 1 – – Hugag Habitat Suitability Revisited Hugag Habitat Suitability Revisited

Project 2Project 2 – – Visual Exposure to Timber Harvesting Visual Exposure to Timber Harvesting

Project 3Project 3 – – Emergency Response Emergency Response

Project 4Project 4 – – Geo-Business Analysis Geo-Business Analysis

Project 5Project 5 – – Landslide Susceptibility Landslide Susceptibility

Project 6Project 6 – – Transmission Line Routing Transmission Line Routing

Project 7Project 7 – – Wildfire Risk Analysis Wildfire Risk Analysis

Project 8Project 8 – – Pipeline Spill Migration Pipeline Spill Migration

Project 9Project 9 – – Biomass Accessibility Biomass Accessibility

  

GIS Modeling GIS Modeling ((Example ProjectExample Project))

Example ProjectExample Project – – Slippery Mountain Landfill SuitabilitySlippery Mountain Landfill Suitability

In addition, calculate the In addition, calculate the average landfill suitability rating for each districtaverage landfill suitability rating for each district (Districts map). (Districts map).

Finally, generate a map that identifies the Finally, generate a map that identifies the average rating within 300 metersaverage rating within 300 meters (3-cell reach) (3-cell reach) for each of the housing locations (Housing map). for each of the housing locations (Housing map).

(Berry)

……criteria for a 0 (not suitable), criteria for a 0 (not suitable), 1 (minimally suitable) through 1 (minimally suitable) through

9 (extremely suitable)9 (extremely suitable)

……Your charge is to prepare a prospectus for Your charge is to prepare a prospectus for deriving the deriving the Landfill SuitabilityLandfill Suitability map that map that clearly explains how each of criteria are clearly explains how each of criteria are

evaluated and then combined into an overall evaluated and then combined into an overall suitability map that respects the legal suitability map that respects the legal

constraints and reflects the county constraints and reflects the county commissioners’ criteria weightings. commissioners’ criteria weightings.

  

Example Graded Project Example Graded Project – – Landfill SuitabilityLandfill Suitability

(Berry)

……posted online at class website, under “Lecture Notes” section, Week 6, posted online at class website, under “Lecture Notes” section, Week 6, Graded Mini-Project ExampleGraded Mini-Project Example

Project 1Project 1 – – Hugag Habitat Suitability RevisitedHugag Habitat Suitability Revisited

  

……add add four newfour new habitat habitat criteriacriteria

Hugags like to beHugags like to be near water near water Hugags are Hugags are terrified of roadsterrified of roads

Hugags like Hugags like cover diversitycover diversity

……implement a implement a weighted average analysisweighted average analysis and and comparecompare the old and new results the old and new results(Berry)

Hugags like to be nearHugags like to be near forest edges forest edges

Project 2Project 2 – – Visual Exposure to Timber Harvesting Visual Exposure to Timber Harvesting

(Berry)

Project 3Project 3 – – Emergency ResponseEmergency Response

……first phase first phase off-road travel by ATVoff-road travel by ATV starting at any starting at any road location and encountering the following road location and encountering the following ATV_friction for determining effective proximity ATV_friction for determining effective proximity

……second phase second phase proceeds on footproceeds on foot into the ATV into the ATV inaccessible areas by using the “Explicitly” option inaccessible areas by using the “Explicitly” option to Spread to Spread

……final map uniquely identifies ocean (blue) and final map uniquely identifies ocean (blue) and hiking inaccessible areas (grey), and rescue hiking inaccessible areas (grey), and rescue response time (green to red) as both a 2-D map and response time (green to red) as both a 2-D map and a 3-D drape on the elevation surfacea 3-D drape on the elevation surface

(Berry)

Project 4Project 4 – – Geo-Business AnalysisGeo-Business Analysis

Competition AnalysisCompetition Analysis

Part 1Part 1— calculate two — calculate two travel-time mapstravel-time maps, one from Kent’s , one from Kent’s Emporium and the other from Colossal MartEmporium and the other from Colossal MartPart 2Part 2— create a relative — create a relative travel-time advantage maptravel-time advantage map clearly shows which store has the relative advantageclearly shows which store has the relative advantagePart 3Part 3— generate a binary map identifying just the — generate a binary map identifying just the “combat” zone“combat” zone where neither store has a strong where neither store has a strong advantage advantage Part 4Part 4— generate a map that identifies the — generate a map that identifies the customers in customers in the combat zonethe combat zone..

Density AnalysisDensity Analysis

Part 1Part 1— Create a — Create a customer density surfacecustomer density surface that identifies that identifies the total number of customers within half a kilometerthe total number of customers within half a kilometer Part 2Part 2— Generate a binary map identifying the — Generate a binary map identifying the “pockets” of“pockets” of unusually high customer densityunusually high customer density (mean + 1 (mean + 1 Stdev or more customers per 500m reach).Stdev or more customers per 500m reach).Part 3Part 3— Generate a map that shows the relative — Generate a map that shows the relative travel-travel-time advantage within the pocketstime advantage within the pockets of unusually high of unusually high customer density.customer density.

(Berry)

(Berry)

Project 5Project 5 – – Landslide Susceptibility Landslide Susceptibility

……criteria for a 0 (not susceptible), criteria for a 0 (not susceptible), 1 (minimally susceptible) through 1 (minimally susceptible) through

9 (extremely susceptible)9 (extremely susceptible)

Overall landslide susceptibility is defined as the Overall landslide susceptibility is defined as the weighted average rating of the three criteriaweighted average rating of the three criteria

A second map that identifies the A second map that identifies the susceptibility ratings for just the uphill areas around roadssusceptibility ratings for just the uphill areas around roads to to 250 meters (2.5 cells)250 meters (2.5 cells)

Another map identifying the Another map identifying the average landslide susceptibilityaverage landslide susceptibility (1 to 9) within the uphill buffered (1 to 9) within the uphill buffered area around roads for each of the management districts identified on the Districts map area around roads for each of the management districts identified on the Districts map

Project 6Project 6 – –Transmission Line RoutingTransmission Line Routing

  

(Berry)

Discrete Cost Map

Accumulated Cost Map

Least Cost Path

The client, MegaWatt Power, needs to identify three routes— The client, MegaWatt Power, needs to identify three routes—

a route that treats visual exposure from houses and roads a route that treats visual exposure from houses and roads equallyequally (simple average Cost), (simple average Cost), a route considering visual exposure to a route considering visual exposure to houses ten times morehouses ten times more important than exposure to roads, and important than exposure to roads, and a route considering visual exposure to a route considering visual exposure to roads ten times moreroads ten times more important than exposure to houses. important than exposure to houses.

(Berry)

Project 7Project 7 – – Wildfire Risk Analysis Wildfire Risk Analysis

Wildfire Risk is related to— Wildfire Risk is related to— cover typecover type, , terrainterrain and and human activityhuman activity factors factors

Wildfire risk needs be Wildfire risk needs be summarized in a couple summarized in a couple ways…ways…

Calculate the Calculate the average average wildfire riskwildfire risk for each of for each of the the districtsdistricts..

Create a map that shows Create a map that shows the the average wildfire riskaverage wildfire risk within a within a 300 meter buffer 300 meter buffer around all housing around all housing locationslocations. .

……implement the “common sense” idea that locations implement the “common sense” idea that locations closer to the fire closer to the fire stationstation at the Ranch community center (Locations base map) ought to at the Ranch community center (Locations base map) ought to

have the have the calculated risk loweredcalculated risk lowered. .

(Berry)

Project 8Project 8 – – Pipeline Spill MigrationPipeline Spill Migration

Pipeline Spill is related to— Pipeline Spill is related to— physicsphysics, , product propertiesproduct properties and and terrain conditionsterrain conditions

Identify the implied Identify the implied steepest downhill spill pathsteepest downhill spill path for each of the three test for each of the three test locations (Spills map) along the proposed new transmission pipeline and map as a locations (Spills map) along the proposed new transmission pipeline and map as a 3D Grid display with all three route individually identified and draped over the 3D Grid display with all three route individually identified and draped over the Elevation surface. Elevation surface.

Identify the Identify the minimum path timeminimum path time for a spill anywhere along the entire Proposed for a spill anywhere along the entire Proposed route (Pipelines map) and map as a 3D Grid display with the spill density map (10 route (Pipelines map) and map as a 3D Grid display with the spill density map (10 Equal Ranges contours) draped over the Elevation surface.Equal Ranges contours) draped over the Elevation surface.

Create a map that shows the Create a map that shows the estimated minimum timeestimated minimum time for a spill based on the for a spill based on the spill time map (created above) to reach all of the spill time map (created above) to reach all of the impacted areasimpacted areas with the high with the high population HCA (HCA_Hpopulation map).population HCA (HCA_Hpopulation map).

To illustrate the model’s sensitivity to different products create another To illustrate the model’s sensitivity to different products create another minimum time map for the high population HCA that considers minimum time map for the high population HCA that considers crude oilcrude oil flow flow instead of water. instead of water.

(Berry)

Project 9Project 9 – – Biomass Accessibility Biomass Accessibility … “scoping” meeting scheduled for tomorrow, Friday, February 12, 12-4 pm

Roads Forests

ResourceAccess

Resource Access. The areas of Pine Beetle remediation are first identified by the level of severity and then characterized by the relative access (effective proximity) considering the intervening conditions and characteristics between the roads and the resource areas identified for remediation.

Slope Water Houses

Intervening Considerations

Intervening Considerations. Terrain steepness, variable-width stream buffers and housing density serve as factors determining a location’s relative suitability for biomass removal, as well as affecting a location’s relative accessibility from the roads.

GIS Modeling GIS Modeling (Mini-Projects)(Mini-Projects)

……Good luck!!!Good luck!!!

There is a “There is a “Life-LineLife-Line” if you get totally stuck. For the price of one grade ” if you get totally stuck. For the price of one grade (drop from 100% possible to 89% possible) I will email you a MapCalc script (drop from 100% possible to 89% possible) I will email you a MapCalc script with the complete solution—you just need to write-up the solution in a with the complete solution—you just need to write-up the solution in a ““professional, free of grammatical/spelling errors, well-organized, clearly professional, free of grammatical/spelling errors, well-organized, clearly written, succinct mannerwritten, succinct manner” that demonstrates your understanding of the ” that demonstrates your understanding of the processing. processing.

General clarification, questions and Life-line requests will be processed via General clarification, questions and Life-line requests will be processed via email email workdays 8:00-4:00 pm and Saturday/Sunday, 9:00-11:00 amworkdays 8:00-4:00 pm and Saturday/Sunday, 9:00-11:00 am. It . It behooves you to decide on a project and outline a solution as soon as possible. behooves you to decide on a project and outline a solution as soon as possible. NoteNote: emergency situations call me at 970-215-0825: emergency situations call me at 970-215-0825

(Berry)