Introduction To Cells * All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.
-
Upload
tyrone-burns -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
1
Transcript of Introduction To Cells * All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.
![Page 1: Introduction To Cells * All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e495503460f94b3cc4b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Introduction To Cells* All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.
![Page 2: Introduction To Cells * All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e495503460f94b3cc4b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Discovery of Cells• Microscope observations of organisms
led to the discovery of the basic characteristics common to living things.
![Page 3: Introduction To Cells * All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e495503460f94b3cc4b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• Robert Hooke – English Scientist in 1665:
* Looked at slices of cork at 30x their normal size.
* The small boxes reminded him of small rooms where monks lived, so he called them “cells.”
![Page 4: Introduction To Cells * All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e495503460f94b3cc4b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• Anton Van Leeuwenhoek – Dutch Scientist in 1675:
* Used a more powerful microscope to magnify objects 300x
* The first to observe single-celled organisms in pond water that he named “animalcules.”
* The “Father of Microscopy”
![Page 5: Introduction To Cells * All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e495503460f94b3cc4b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Leeuwenhoek’s Animalcules
![Page 6: Introduction To Cells * All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e495503460f94b3cc4b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Robert Brown
• English Scientist 1830• Built an improved
microscope• Used it to observe
cells he had stained with various reagents.
• First to observe the nucleus of cells.
![Page 7: Introduction To Cells * All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e495503460f94b3cc4b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Robert Brown’s Microscope and Cells with a Nucleus
![Page 8: Introduction To Cells * All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e495503460f94b3cc4b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Matthias Schleiden – German Botonist in 1838: Studied hundreds of plants.
* Concluded that cells make up every part of a plant.
![Page 9: Introduction To Cells * All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e495503460f94b3cc4b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• Theodor Schwann – German Zoologist in 1839: Studied hundreds of animals.
* Discovered that all animals are made up of cells
![Page 10: Introduction To Cells * All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e495503460f94b3cc4b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Rudolph Virchow – German Physician in 1858: Looked at cells dividing.
* Proposed that cells come only from pre-existing cells.
![Page 11: Introduction To Cells * All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e495503460f94b3cc4b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Cell Theory
The observations of Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow formed the “cell theory” which states:
1. All living things are made up of one or
more cells.
2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms.
3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
![Page 12: Introduction To Cells * All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e495503460f94b3cc4b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Basic Cell Facts:• A cell’s shape reflects its function• There are at least 200 types• The human body is made up of about 100
trillion cells
hair cells skin cells
![Page 13: Introduction To Cells * All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e495503460f94b3cc4b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
2 Basic Cell Types1. Prokaryotes: “pro”=before,
“karyo”= nucleus* Single-celled organism (ex. bacteria)
* No nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles
* For millions of
years, the only
organisms on earth
![Page 14: Introduction To Cells * All living things are made up of cells that have similar basic structures.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e495503460f94b3cc4b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
2. Eukaryotes: “eu”=true; “karyo” = nucleus* Have a membrane–bound nucleus that houses the DNA
* Contain membrane-bound organelles with specific functions.