Intro to 3D Workshop

What is CAD?Computer Aided Design

Traditionally “Engineering”, technically applies to all design work created using a computer

Uses: Paintball guns, cars, video game characters

CAM - Computer Aided Machining/Manufacturing

Three types of modeling; poly modeling, curve modeling (related to parametric modeling), and sculpting

History of CADEarliest users: Aerospace & Automotive

First graphic system developed by MIT’s Lincoln Lab for USAF in 1950

Originally grew from 2D Drafting

Traditionally split into “Engineering/ Design” and “Computer Graphics”

In Engineering/Design: Dassault Systems (SolidWorks), Autodesk (Fusion 360, Inventor, AutoCAD), Siemens (NX), ANSYS (SpaceClaim), PTC (Pro/Engineer),

In Computer Graphics: Autodesk (Maya, 3DS Max) , Luxology/The Foundry (modo, others), Maxon (Cinema 4D)

Further Reading:

Marian Bozddoc's History of CAD

CAD Software History

What’s a 3D model made of?

Model & Render Credit: “Sub-D/Polygon Cockpit” by Jordan Pelovitz

Solids

Example Software

Model & Render Credit: “chassis” by João Carlos Florencio (on GrabCAD)

Model Credit: “Reversys Boat” by Studio Oxyde http://www.reversysboat.com/

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Model Credit: “Alias Modeling Training” by Benjamin Baronhttps://www.behance.net/Ben_Baron

Example Software

NURBS(Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines)

Model Credit: “Volcatron” by Rouhollah Toghyaniwww.toghyani.com

Model Credit: “Sombreuil” by Joffrey Ferrandeshttps://www.artstation.com/artist/joffrey_ferrandes

Example Software

Polygons/Sub-D

VoxelShop by BlackFlux Software

Model Credit: C. D. Werner, F. B. Sachse and O. DösselInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Karlsruhe, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany

Model Credit: AlchemistID, 3D Coat ForumsImage Credit: Microsoft

Image Credit: WikipediaVoxels

Example Software

Why use solids?Easy to avoid common model errors (Model will always be “watertight”)

Easy to calculate volumes.

Leads to Parametric Solid Modeling, which is used by professional designers & engineers.

Why learn 123D Design?Best interface from Autodesk.

It’s free.

Easy to learn, good place to start for3D Printing & Solid Modeling.

The BasicsCAM: Computer Aided Manufacturing

CNC: Computer Numerical Control

gCode - Programming language for CNC cutters & 3D Printers

Before CNC, there was manual control & still is!

FDMFused Deposition Modeling

3D Printers: Cheap, moderately accurate, easy to make & maintain

Properties: Tough parts with visible print lines, ABS/PLA Plastic

SLAStereolithography

3D Printers: Expensive, best accuracy, can use chemicals to clean parts, laser-based

Properties: Specialty resins, parts degrade in UV light

Let’s get started!