Introduction

Geological works which were made in Iran at the latest years revealed some

objects which can be consider as a carbonatites or relative to them alkaline rocks

(Watter, Alavi, 1973; Samani, 1988). But as well known the carbonatites problem

is one of the biggest in petrology-geochemistry as well as in geology of mineral

deposits. High practical importance is typical for carbonatite mineral deposits

which conclude many types of strategic mineral resources such as Nb, Ta, REE,

Fe, Ti, P, U, fluorite and so on (Frolov et. al., 2003, 2005, Belov et. al., 2008,

2011). Due to this realization of pilot project on Iranian carbonatites which could

give practical result on the one hand – as new estimation of old objects and at

another hand – as forecasting of new prospective sites for revealing of different

mineral deposits have link with carbonatites would be very actual. The solving of

main target in this project was not very sample problem. It’s necessary to underline

that the task of summarize and complex analyze all information collected in Iran

concerning this problem had been solved firstly. Really it was the first experience

in the whole for Iran. If we take in account that territory of Iran on its tectonic

position does not relate to platform regions where development of classic sodium

rare metal carbonatites are usual, the task arose before the authors of report was

not sample especially. But latest discovering untypical carbonatites in Tin-Chan

(Divaev, 2000), REE carbonatites and Zr-Nb-TR mineral deposits in alkaline rocks

in Mongolia (Kovalenko et. al., 1979, 2002; Vladykin 1997, 2001), carbonatites in

Oman (Woolley et. al., 1991; Ziegler et. al., 1991), carbonatites at the Canary

Islands (Chumilova, 2005) and another analogical objects in tectonic position

which does not similar to typical platform, give reasons to believe in revealing of

carbonatites and mineral deposits link with its in Iran, in spite of such fact that

territory of this country disposal inside Alpine-Himalayan fold belt. An argument

for it at one side was such fact that territory of Iran from late Precambrian to

middle Triassic time, when alpine folding started was the part of Africa-Arabian

platform on the some parts of which regime of intercontinental rifting sometimes

(for example at late Proterozoic-Vend time in zone of Bafq and Zagros) took place

(Samani,1988; Perfiliev.1993). Existence of typical for its extensional tectonic

situation prove of presents of alkaline magmatic complexes especially character at

the places of transect of Elburs and Zagros fold zones to regional meridian

lineaments: Trans Caucasus and Ural-Oman (Hoseiny, 1977; Sivorotkin, 2002).

From another side the positive factor of carbonatites development and relative

rocks is indices of existence big plume at the East of Iran. This plume is initiated

intra plate quaternary alkaline magmatism, with which link ore mineralization of

Khanneshin carbonatite massif in neighboring Afghanistan. Stress as a result of

subduction of Arabian plate under Euro-Asian plate compensated here to intra

plate extension and formation on the East of Iran alkaline rocks. This process

interpreted as magma-tectonic pair (Romanko, 2005; Romanko, et. al., 2011). And

the generation of intra plate magmatic rocks occurs at the dip horizon of the Earth

Crust. All these aspects became the scientific basis for planning and realization of

this project concerning of Iranian carbonatites.

The authors much obliged to Mr. B. Borna - Deputy of Mineral

Exploration Geologic Survey of Iran, leaders of research groups Dr. Alipour, Dr.

Mukhtari and all Iranian colleges in GSI who help us to realize this project.

Especially we are grateful to Administration of GSI for a good organization of our

field trip in Bafq ore district.

In completely all time of our work under project, we felt attention and

interest from side of General Director of JSC «Zarybezhgeologia» Ms. A.

Zakharova-Gavrilova and First Deputy of General Director of JSC

«Zarubezhgeologia» Mr. I. Silaev. Rather useful was consultations with President

of the “Pey Ekteshaf Co. Ltd” Mr. Mohammadi A.R. Authors say many thanks to

all of them.