Internet Overview Min Ding. E-Commerce, Min Ding, PSU You know you are addicted to the Internet...

Internet Overview

Min Ding

E-Commerce, Min Ding, PSU

You know you are addicted to the Internet when...

You check your mail. It says "no new messages." So you check it again, and again.

You kiss your girlfriend (boyfriend)'s home page. You turn off your modem and feel awfully empty. You refer to having lunch as uploading. The remote to the T.V. is missing...and you don't

even care. Your dog has its own home page. You code your homework in HTML and give me the

URL.


TOPICSA Brief History of Internet Internet TodayCategorizing Web entities


The 1960s

The Internet is first conceived in the early '60s. Under the leadership of the Department of Defense's Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA), it grows from a paper architecture into a small network (ARPANET) intended to promote the sharing of super-computers amongst researchers in the United States.


The 1960s (continued) 1962 - The RAND Corporation begins research into

robust, distributed communication networks for military command and control.

1965 - The DOD's Advanced Research Project Association begins work on 'ARPANET'

1968 - First generation of networking hardware and software designed

1969 - ARPANET connects first 4 universities in the United States, Stanford Research Institute, UCLA,UC Santa Barbara, and the University of Utah.


1970 - 1973The ARPANET becomes a high-speed digital

post office as people use it to collaborate on research projects and discuss topics of various interests.

1971 - The ARPANET grows to 23 hosts connecting universities and government research centers around the country.

1972 - The InterNetworking Working Group becomes the first of several standards-setting entities to govern the network. Vinton Cerf is elected the first chairman, and later known as a "Father of the Internet."

1973 - The ARPANET goes international with connections to University College in London, England and the Royal Radar Establishment in Norway.


1974 - 1981The general public gets its first vague hint of

how networked computers can be used in daily life as the commercial version of the ARPANET goes online.

1975 - Internet operations transferred to the Defense Communications Agency

1979 - First USENET newsgroup was established. Users from all over the world join these discussion groups to talk about the net, politics, religion and thousands of other subjects.

1981 - ARPANET has 213 hosts. A new host is added approximately once every 20 days.

1982 - The term 'Internet' is used for the first time.


1982 - 1987

For the first time the loose collection of networks which made up the ARPANET is seen as an "internet", and the Internet as we know it today is born. The combination of inexpensive desktop machines and powerful, network-ready servers allows many companies to join the Internet for the first time. Corporations begin to use the Internet to communicate with each other and with their customers.


1982 – 1987(continued) 1983 - TCP/IP becomes the universal language of

the Internet 1984 - William Gibson coins the term "cyberspace" in

his novel "Neuromancer." The number of Internet hosts exceeds 1,000.

1985 - Internet e-mail and newsgroups now part of life at many universities

1986 - Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio creates the first "Freenet" for the Society for Public Access Computing.

1987 - The number of Internet hosts exceeds 10,000.


1988 - 1990By 1988 the Internet is an essential tool for

communications, however it also begins to create concerns about privacy and security in the digital world. New words, such as "hacker," "cracker" and" electronic break-in", are created.

On Nov. 1, 1988, a malicious program called the "Internet Worm" temporarily disables approximately 6,000 of the 60,000 Internet hosts. The Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) was subsequently formed to address security concerns raised by the Worm.

1990 - The ARPANET is decommissioned, leaving only the vast network-of-networks called the Internet. The number of hosts exceeds 300,000.


1991-1993 In 1991 the NSF lifts the restriction on commercial use,

clearing the way for the age of electronic commerce. 1991, University of Minnesota releases "gopher," the

first point-and-click way of navigating the files of the Internet. The World Wide Web is born!

1992 - One million hosts have multi-media access to the Internet over the MBONE

1992 - The first audio and video broadcasts take place. More than 1,000,000 hosts are part of the Internet.

1993 - Mosaic, the first graphics-based Web browser, becomes available. Traffic on the Internet expands at a 341,634% annual growth rate.


1994 -- 1994 - Marc Andersen and Jim Clark form Netscape

Communications Corp. Pizza Hut accepts orders for a mushroom, pepperoni with extra cheese over the net.

1995 - NSFNET reverts back to a research project, leaving the Internet in commercial hands. The Web now comprises the bulk of Internet traffic

1996 - Approximately 40 million people are connected to the Internet. More than $1 billion per year changes hands at Internet shopping malls, and Internet related companies like Netscape are the darlings of high-tech investors. The number of computer hosts approaches 10 million.


Internet Today Rapid Growth of Hosts (network size)

Between January 1994 and January 1999, Internet hosts grew from 2.2 million to over 43 million

A 46% growth rate in 1998

Growth of World Wide Web Domains

0

10

20

30

40

50

Mill

ions

46% growth in 1998


Internet TodayRapid Growth of Users

The Internet user base has grown rapidly as well

Worldwide, the number of users was estimated to be > 160 million in March, 1999

Over 90% of the users on the Net have joined in the last 5 years

More growth is possible, as < 4% of the world’s adult population is online

50% of users think the Net is a “necessity”


Internet Users, July 2000An Educated Guess

World Total 359.8 million

Africa 3.11 million

Asia/Pacific 89.43 million

Europe 94.22 million

Middle East 2.40 million

Canada & USA 157.24 million

Latin America 13.4 million

Compiled by Nua Internet Surveys


Internet TodayRapid Growth of Content

Spring 1998, the size of the Web was estimated at 300 million pages

Growth rates in content exceed growth rates in hosts and the number of users

From June 1997 to March 1998, Web content grew at 120%

More importantly, the types and creativity of Web site content have blossomed

1

16

28

42

35

90

125

2

25

30

80

100

160

200

2

35

33

100

110

195

275

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Pages found in all 4engines

Infoseek

Excite

HotBot

Alta Vista

Pages found in at leastone of the four engines

Size of static web

Size in millions of distinct static pages

1997

1998

1999


Categorizing Web EntitiesClass 0 – They talk, you listenClass 1 – You ask, they answerClass 2 – They ask, they answer? Class 3 – No they, no you


Class 0 – They talk, you listen

http://assets.wharton.upenn.edu/~min42

class 0 site is basically an e-catalog


Class 1 – You ask, they answer

http://www.amazon.com

class 1 site is capable of addressing your requests, such as processing your purchasing order, sending an e-card to a friend, …


Class 2 – They ask, they answer

?class 2 site, once collected enough information about you (e.g., medical info), is capable of initiating questions relevant to you, get the answer from its own site or the internet, and make recommendation to you.

– kind of like your mom …


Class 3 – No they, no you

?+?class 3 site should, theoretically, be an extension of you on the internet. Their judgment will no longer be recommendations.

Have your site talk to my site …


My take on web … Internet reduces (information)

acquisition cost Internet (its attached computing power)

enhances an individual’s intellectual capability

Internet Overview Min Ding. E-Commerce, Min Ding, PSU You know you are addicted to the Internet...

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