Google 301: More Google a presentation by Patrick Douglas Crispen NetSquirrel.com.
Internet Basics 2K A presentation by Patrick Douglas Crispen NetSquirrel.com.
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Transcript of Internet Basics 2K A presentation by Patrick Douglas Crispen NetSquirrel.com.
![Page 1: Internet Basics 2K A presentation by Patrick Douglas Crispen NetSquirrel.com.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649e955503460f94b992b0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Internet Basics 2KInternet Basics 2K
A presentation by
Patrick Douglas CrispenNetSquirrel.com
![Page 2: Internet Basics 2K A presentation by Patrick Douglas Crispen NetSquirrel.com.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56649e955503460f94b992b0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
For More InformationFor More Information
http://netsquirrel.com/
Information about the Squirrel HuntInformation about TOURBUSA copy of this presentation
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What IS the Internet?What IS the Internet?
“A network of networks based on the TCP/IP protocols, a community of people who use and develop these protocols, and a collection of resources that can be reached from those networks.”
-- Krol & Hoffman
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Frequently Asked Frequently Asked QuestionsQuestions
• What IS the Internet (and what IS the World Wide Web)?
• How do the Internet and the Web work?
• What can I do on the Internet?• How do Internet addresses work?
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Our GoalsOur Goals
• To answer some of the Net’s biggest Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
• To show you how the Internet really works
• To teach you how to read Internet addresses
• To do all of this in ENGLISH!!
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GermanyGermany
• Self-sufficient cities
• The military needs 2 things to survive:– Supplies– Intelligence
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WW2 GermanyWW2 Germany• Autobahn• Secure supply
lines• What happens to
German supply if a city is “lost?”
• Where is the Autobahn’s Headquarters?
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I LIKE IKE!I LIKE IKE!
EISENHOWERINTERSTATESYSTEM
EISENHOWERINTERSTATESYSTEM
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TEXAS’ Interstate TEXAS’ Interstate SystemSystem
• Safe supply lines
• Unlimited alternate routes
• Personal use
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US Military US Military IntelligenceIntelligence
• Needed a way to hook up all of the mainframes in the USA
• Needed a system that could withstand a direct nuclear attack (well, not really)
• Needed a system without a central command
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TEXAS and the TEXAS and the Internet?Internet?
• Cities = LANs or ISPs
• Interstates = Communications lines
• States = Regional Networks
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IP PacketsIP Packets
• Everything that is sent over the Internet is sent in an IP Packet.
• IP Packets can contain anything
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IP Packet RoutingIP Packet Routing
• TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)– Universal “rules”
of the Road
• IP (Internet Protocol) Addresses– 255.255.255.255
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Domain Name System Domain Name System (DNS)(DNS)
Converts “English” nameswww.whitehouse.gov
into “Machine” (IP) names198.137.241.30
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IP Packet RoutingIP Packet Routing
• Using your browser, you type in a URLhttp://www.whitehouse.gov/
• You “access” or “request” a Web page
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IP Packet RoutingIP Packet Routing
• Your ISP “resolves” address– www.whitehouse.g
ov– 198.137.241.30
• Your ISP then puts your request into an IP packet (or a bunch of packets)
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IP Packet RoutingIP Packet Routing
• The IP address is spray painted on the front windshield of the IP packet
• Your ISP ships the packet(s) to their router
• The router ships the packet(s) to the next “city”
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Questions Routers Questions Routers “Ask”“Ask”
• Is this packet broken?
• Is this packet for me?
• In which general direction should this packet be sent?
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At the White HouseAt the White House
• Mr. Bill’s Web Server receives your request
• It sends you the Web page you requested (including all of the text and multimedia)
• All of this is broken into a bunch of IP packets
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IP Packet RoutingIP Packet Routing
• Mr. Bill’s ISP ships the packet(s) to his router
• The router ships the packet(s) to the next “city”
• THE CONNECTION IS DROPPED!
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IP Packet RoutingIP Packet Routing
• The packets bounce through cyberspace
• Finally, the packets get to you, are put back in order, and the Web page appears
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TEXAS and the TEXAS and the Internet?Internet?
• Each and every “intersection” (or “city”) is a router.
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Pop QuizPop Quiz
• Is communication on the Internet (electronic mail, file transfers, etc.) instantaneous?
• Is the Internet now, or has it EVER been, free?
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Two More QuestionsTwo More Questions
• Who owns the Internet?
• Who runs the Internet?– System of
networks (“backbone”)
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What can I do on the What can I do on the Internet?Internet?
• Communicate• Login• Download• Publish• PLAY!
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The Internet v. The The Internet v. The WebWeb
• What is the difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web?
• The Internet is ALL of the computers and ALL of the information available
• The World Wide Web is a subset of the Internet that contains hypermedia and is accessible through a Web browser.
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How can I get on the How can I get on the Internet?Internet?
• Bulletin Board Service (BBS)• Commercial Online Service
– AOL / CompuServe– MSN
• Internet Service Provider (ISP)• Work/School
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ModemsModems
• Converts digital signals to analog signals
• Modem at the other end turns the analog signal back into a digital signal.
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Modem SpeedsModem SpeedsThe InternetBaud Speed Transfer Rate14.4 14,400 bps 1.76 Kb per second28.8 28,800 bps 3.56 Kb per second56 K 56,600 bps (*) 6.47 Kb per secondT1 1.5 million bps 183 Kb per secondT3 45 million bps 5.36 Mb per second
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Modem SpeedsModem SpeedsThe InternetBaud Speed Transfer Rate14.4 14,400 bps 1.76 Kb per second
Internet2 (I2)Baud Speed Transfer RateOC-3 155 Mbps 18.54 Mb per secondOC-12 622 Mbps 74.16 Mb per secondOC-48 2.48 Gbps 295.64 Mb per second
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:)
Internet AddressesInternet Addresses
• Machine addresses (IP or DNS)
• “Personal” addresses (e-mail)
• Resource addresses (Web pages, gopher directories, etc.).
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Hi
Machine AddressesMachine Addresses
• IP Addresses– 255.255.255.255
• DNS Addresses– whitehouse.gov– www.yahoo.com– ua1vm.ua.edu
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E-Mail AddressesE-Mail Addresses
• The world of e-mail is bigger than the Internet
• E-mail goes to a person, not just a machine
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Parts of an E-mail Parts of an E-mail AddressAddress
• USERID– Name– Number– Combination of
both
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Parts of an E-mail Parts of an E-mail AddressAddress
• The “at” sign– Above the number
2 on your keyboard
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Parts of an E-mail Parts of an E-mail AddressAddress
• The address of the user’s mail server– IP Address 207.158.244.32
– DNS Address netsquirrel.com
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Resource AddressesResource Addresses
Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)protocol://machine.address/dir/file
The /dir/file/ stuff may be optionalThe protocol, the ://, and the machine
address are REQUIRED
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Resource AddressesResource Addresses
Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)protocol://machine.address/dir/file
http Web pagesftp File Transfer Protocolgopher Gopher Directories
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Resource AddressesResource Addresses
Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)protocol://machine.address/dir/file
http://www.yahoo.com/
ftp://risc.ua.edu/pub/roadmap/
gopher://boombox.micro.umn.edu/
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Resource AddressesResource Addresses
Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)protocol://machine.address/dir/file
REMEMBERREMEMBERE-mail addresses have @ symbols
URLs have ://
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Resource AddressesResource Addresses
Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)protocol://machine.address/dir/file
The machine address can be either a DNS Address or an IP Address
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Resource AddressesResource Addresses
Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)protocol://machine.address/dir/file
http://www.yahoo.com/
ftp://risc.ua.edu/pub/roadmap/
gopher://boombox.micro.umn.edu/
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Internet AddressesInternet Addresses
• Machine Addresses– DNS or IP address
• Personal Addresses– [email protected]
• Resource Addresses– protocol://machine.address/dir/file
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Internet AddressesInternet Addresses
• Machine Addresses– whitehouse.gov– 198.137.241.30
• Personal Addresses– [email protected]
• Resource Addresses– http://www.whitehouse.gov/
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Machine Addresses -- Machine Addresses -- DomainsDomains
EDU EducationMIL MilitaryGOV Non-Military
Government Sites
COM Commercial
Organizations
[email protected]://www.yahoo.com/
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Machine Addresses - Machine Addresses - DomainsDomains
NET Network Sites
ORG Other
OrganizationsUK United
KingdomCA CanadaAU Australia
[email protected]://www.yahoo.com/
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Reading Internet Reading Internet AddressesAddresses
pbs.org
http://housing.msstate.edu/
141.211.83.37
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Reading Internet Reading Internet AddressesAddresses
www.mcgill.ca
gopher://boombox.micro.umn.edu/
ftp://risc.ua.edu/pub/roadmap/
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Reading Internet Reading Internet AddressesAddresses
204.162.80.181
http://204.162.80.181/
http://cnet.com/
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Finding an E-mail Finding an E-mail addressaddress
• Search engines– WHOIS– Four-11
• The best way to find someone’s e-mail address is to call them on the telephone and ask them for it.
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Crispen’s Five Crispen’s Five Antivirus RulesAntivirus Rules
• Buy a commercial antivirus program• Update your definitions weekly• Never double-click on a file, especially
an email attachment, without first virus checking it
• Turn on Macro Virus Protection in Word
• If you don’t know what an email attachment is, delete it.
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Our GoalsOur Goals
• To answer some of the Net’s biggest Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
• To show you how the Internet really works
• To teach you how to read Internet addresses
• To do all of this in ENGLISH!!
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What IS the Internet?What IS the Internet?
“A network of networks based on the TCP/IP protocols, a community of people who use and develop these protocols, and a collection of resources that can be reached from those networks.”
-- Krol & Hoffman