International ocean acidification initiatives and coordination (OA … · Ocean acidification – a...
Transcript of International ocean acidification initiatives and coordination (OA … · Ocean acidification – a...
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International ocean acidification
initiatives and coordination
(OA-ICC, GOA-ON, resources,
data management)
Lina Hansson
OA-ICC Project Officer
IAEA Environment Laboratories
International Atomic Energy Agency
Principality of Monaco
www.iaea.org/ocean-acidification
http://news-oceanacidification-icc.org/
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Ocean acidification – a rapidly growing field
OA-ICC Bibliographic Database,
modified after Gattuso and Hansson 2010
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Ocean acidification – a rapidly growing field
OA-ICC Bibliographic Database, P. Williamson, CBD 2015
Inter-Agency WG NOAA OAP
EPOCA 2008-2012
UKOA 2010-2015
BIOACID 2009-ongoing
MedSeA 2011-2014
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Ocean acidification – a rapidly growing field
increasing need for
international coordination
and collaboration
The IAEA launched the OA-ICC in 2012 upon
recommendation of the SOLAS IMBER Ocean Acidification
Working Group and increasing concern of its Member states
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Why the IAEA?
Nuclear applications in ocean acidification research
• The IAEA Environment labs are active in any field where isotopic and
nuclear applications are relevant to understand environmental issues.
• Isotopic and nuclear techniques are unique tools e.g. to:
• Study the Impact on primary production, growth and calcification
rate, using e.g. Ca-45, C-14
• Reconstruct past pH, using the isotopic ratio B-11/B-10 as a proxy
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IAEA Environment Laboratories – other projects with OA components
• Coordinated Research Programme: “Ocean Acidification and Economic Impacts
on Fisheries”
• Current IAEA Technical Cooperation projects with OA component:
National project: Kuwait
National project: Indonesia
Regional project: Africa
Regional project: Latin America
Contacts:
Juan-Carlos Miquel, Yasmine Bottein, Marc Metian
• Proposal:
Inter-regional project (Africa, Asia and South America) on OA monitoring
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•Objective: act as a hub to communicate,
promote and facilitate international
activities on ocean acidification
•End users: scientific community and
science users (e.g., policy makers,
media, general public)
Advisory Board
IAEA Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)
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•Functioning:
Operated by the IAEA Environment
Laboratories in Monaco
Announced in June 2012 at Rio+20 for
an initial duration of 3 years
Advisory Board: UN agencies, key
institutions and leading scientists in the
field
Advisory Board
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Funding and support
Supported by the IAEA ‘Peaceful Uses Initiative’ (PUI) through
direct and in-kind contributions from several IAEA Member States
and research projects on ocean acidification:
Australia, France, Italy (ENEA), Japan, New Zealand, Norway,
Spain, United Kingdom, United States
NOAA OAP, IMBER, SOLAS, BIOACID, MedSeA, UKOA
Total budget: USD 2.4 M (USD 1.4 M cash and USD 1 M in-kind)
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SCIENCE Global observing network
R. Feely, USA & L. Jewett, USA
Joint platforms & experiments
U. Riebesell, Germany & J. Barry, USA
The human dimension (socio-economics)
J. Bijma, Germany & S. Cooley, USA
Intercomparison exercises
M. Dai, China
Best practices
U. Riebesell, Germany & J.-P. Gattuso, France
Bibliographic database
J.-P. Gattuso, France
Data management
J.-P. Gattuso, France
‘Promote activities to help advance ocean
acidification research’
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CAPACITY BUILDING
Regional training courses L. Robbins, USA
Participation of scientists from
eligible countries in international
meetings
Regional coordination meetings
‘Help train tomorrow’s experts on
ocean acidification’
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COMMUNICATION
Exhibits, side events, publications (in
cooperation with the Ocean
Acidification International Reference
User Group; OA-iRUG) D. Laffoley, UK & C. Turley, UK
Web site & news stream
Distribution of material
‘Serve as a hub of information for different
audiences (scientists, policy makers, media…)’
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- 2 international workshops (Seattle 2012 and
St Andrews 2013)
- 155 members from 30 countries
- Co-chairs: L. Jewett (NOAA OAP, USA) and B.
Tilbrook (CSIRO, Australia)
- Strategy outlined in GOA-ON Plan (Goals,
Levels)
- Friends of GOA-ON
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Upcoming
- Expert workshops (data portal and synthesis
products)
- Defining EOVs, Biology Working Group, fill gaps
(e.g. Africa)
- Training course, Mozambique (S. Dupont)
- 3d scientific meeting Hobart, 8-10 May 2016,
following the 4th Ocean in a High CO2 World
Symposium (focus on biology)
Get involved
www.goa-on.org
Newsletter
Next workshop: Hobart, May 2016
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Joint platforms and experiments
Goal
Promote international collaboration and
provide access to “platforms” (lab, ship,
experiment, facility…)
Approach
• Travel support – challenging to implement
• Information sharing: OA-ICC web site
• Links to various facilities
• Short list of collaboration
opportunities
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Human dimension – collaboration between natural and social scientists
Goal
Facilitate interactions between natural and
social sciences to advance understanding of
the impacts of ocean acidification on human
society
Approach
International workshops to bridge gap
between ocean acidification impacts and socio-
economic valuation (CSM & IAEA),
recommendations, publications
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Intercomparison
Goal
Support intercomparison of key ocean
acidification variables and software
Approach
Support international intercomparison
exercices:
- software comparison, extended
(error propagation and buffer factors)
- calcification (compare methods)
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Best Practices
Goal
Provide access to internationally standardized
protocols for observational and experimental
approaches and data reporting, to promote
quality and comparability of results
Approach • Addendum, update not foreseen
• Share information (guide distribution, web site
and news centre)
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OA-ICC bibliographic database
Goal
Provide access to a comprehensive list of
bibliographic references on ocean acidification
Approach On-line open access searchable bibliographic
database on Mendeley (currently more than
2700 references)
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Data management
Goal
• Facilitate coordination of OA data archiving
efforts and promote data sharing
(experimental and GOA-ON).
• Compile published data on the biological
impacts of ocean acidification and make
openly accessible.
Approach
• OA-ICC Data compilation
• Expert workshops on international
management of ocean acidification data
(common metadata templates, vocabularies,
ultimately joint data portals)
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OA-ICC Data Compilation
Background:
Numerous problems for data comparison (pH
reported in different scales, carbonate chemistry
calculated using different dissolution constants)
EPOCA/EUR-OCEANS (2007), OA-ICC since
2012, in coop. with Xiamen Univ. and Pangaea
Data from 540 papers to date
Challenges:
Slow feedback from authors (50% success rate)
Different names for the same variable (e.g.
primary production/carbon fixation/POC
production)
http://tinyurl.com/oaicc-data
Not obtained: papers for which data could not be obtained Incomplete: papers which reported less than two carbonate system parameters Lost: data lost by authors
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Recommendations/guidelines (Gattuso et al.)
At least two of the carbonate system parameters, + S, t, hydrostatic pressure :
- Dissolved inorganic carbon (CT; µmol kg-1)
- Total alkalinity (AT; µmol kg-1)
- pH (it is critical to mention its scale; see below)
- Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2; µatm)
- Fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO2; µatm)
- Carbonate ion concentration (CO32-; µmol kg-1)
Concentrations of total dissolved inorganic phosphorus and total dissolved
inorganic silicon (in µmol kg-1) whenever possible
How the parameters were measured and protocol followed.
Certified Reference Materials, source, and batch numbers
pH scale (NBS, free, total, or seawater)
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Recommendations/guidelines (Gattuso et al.)
Temperature at the time of sampling and at the time of measurement, if different.
Formulations used to calculate:
- Concentrations of total boron
- CO2 solubility (K0)
- Dissociation constants of carbonic acid (K1 and K2), boric acid (Kb), water
(Kw), phosphoric acid (Kp1, Kp2, Kp3), silicic acid (Ksi), hydrogen fluoride (Kf), and
bisulfate (Ks)
- Solubility products of calcite (Kspc) and aragonite (Kspa)
Software package used to calculate the carbonate chemistry, version number, and any
associated options.
Average reproducibility of the performed measurements (with number of measurements)
Strongly recommended that the chemistry and biological data are either archived in an
on-line database (preferred) or provided along with the paper as supplementary
information.
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Capacity building
Goal
Provide scientists entering the field access to
training to be able to set up pertinent
experiments, avoid typical pitfalls and ensure
comparability with other studies.
Approach • Training courses (Latin America, Asia, Africa)
• Information sharing and networking (web site
and news centre)
• Regional coordination meetings
• Support to present results at conferences
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Communication and knowledge exchange
Goal
To ensure that information on ocean acidification
is communicated to key end users in an effective
way.
Approach
• Web site and news stream
• Brochures (close collaboration with OA-iRUG)
• Side events, exhibit stands (e.g. at UNFCCC
COPs), in coop. with many partners (UKOA,
IOC…)
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OA-ICC web site
iaea.org/ocean-acidification
OA-ICC news stream
news-oceanacidification-icc.org
OA-ICC data compilation
http://tinyurl.com/oaicc-data
OA-ICC bibliographic database
http://tinyurl.com/oaicc-biblio
OA-ICC key online resources
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BIOACID web site and Facebook page
NOAA OAP web site and Twitter
UK Ocean Acidification Research Programme web site
www.ocean-acidification.net (IGBP/IOC/SCOR)
MedSeA, EPOCA legacy
OCB Ocean Acidification page
More great OA resources!
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Don’t be strangers!
- Let us know about your projects/progress
- Participate in community efforts
- Make use of resources and provide feedback
- Look out for opportunities
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Thank you!
Web site
iaea.org/ocean-acidification
News stream
news-oceanacidification-icc.org
Data compilation
http://tinyurl.com/oaicc-data
Bibliographic database
http://tinyurl.com/oaicc-biblio