INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE: THE … · The roles of climate change treaties •...
Transcript of INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE: THE … · The roles of climate change treaties •...
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INTERNATIONALENVIRONMENTALGOVERNANCE:
THELAW-MAKERSDRANNALISASAVARESI
LecturerinEnvironmentalLawUniversityofStirling,UK
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Internationalclimatechangelaw
UNFCCC,1992
KyotoProtocol,1997
ParisAgreement,2015
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Howinternationallawaddressesclimatechange
Mitigation,adaptation
Finance
Information
Technology
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Therolesofclimatechangetreaties
• Establishingmechanismsandproceduresforadoptingrulesonclimatechange-relatedaction,settlingdisputesandsupervisingimplementationandcompliance
Constitutional
• Settingstandardsforpreventing/mitigatingclimatechangeandforgrapplingwithitsimpacts
Regulation
• Settinghomogenouspracticesacrossjurisdictionstoreportemissionsandemissionreductionactivities
Harmonisation
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Internationalclimatebureaucracy
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COP21Paris,2015
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ParisAgreement
Whatisit?
Whatdoesitdo?
Wherenext?
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TheParisAgreement:Whatisit?
AProtocol?Anonlegallybindingdocument?
Apoliticaldeclaration?
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Legalform
• CertainlyatreatyasdefinedunderArticle2.1.aVCLT• Mostpossiblyaprotocolinanythingbutname• RelationshipwiththeUNFCCCandtheKyotoProtocoltobeassessedonthebasisofParties’interpretationandfutureimplementation
Savaresi,TheParisAgreement:ANewBeginning?(2016)JournalofEnergy&NaturalResourcesLaw
Savaresi,TheParisAgreement:ARejoinder(2016)EJILTalk!
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ParisAgreement:Whatdoesitdo?
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Evolutionininternationalclimategovernance
Topdown
Bottomup
Obligationsofconduct(means)
Obligationsofresult
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ParisAgreement:Coreelements
GlobalGoal
NationallyDeterminedContributions
Levelingpartiesobligations
MitigationReviewofeffectiveness
Reviewofimplementation
Reviewofcompliance
Transpa-rency
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Acomparisonwithexistingclimatetreaties
WiththeUNFCCC
• ParisAgreementgreatleveller ofParties’obligations,mostsalientlyinrelationtomitigation andtheprovisionofinformation.
WiththeKyotoProtocol• DiminishedlegalforceattachedtoParties’mitigationcommitmentscompensatedbytheecumenicalpursuitofemissionreductions,aswellasbyaunitarysystemforthereviewofimplementation,complianceandeffectiveness.
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Wherenext?
AdoptionParis,December
2015
OpenedforsignatureNewYork,April2016ChinaandUS
RatificationSeptember2016 Entryintoforce
November2016DesigningtheParis
Agreement‘rulebook’
Implementationby2020