^Interaction Point July 1995 Vol. Events and …...^Interaction Point Events and Happenings in the...

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^Interaction Point Events and Happenings in the SLAC Community July 1995 Vol. 6, No. 7 Pisin Chen finds gravity award at end of rainbow RECENTLY PISIN CHEN of Theory and Special Projects received fourth place in the annual essay competition sponsored by the Gravity Research Foundation. The purpose of the competition is to stimulate thought and encour- age work on gravitation. The Gravity Research Founda- tion was founded in 1948 by Roger W. Babson and George M. Rideout, Sr.; it was Babson's way of thanking Sir Isaac Newton for his good influ- ence. Babson encountered Newton's law of action and reaction while studying engineering at MIT. After graduating he applied this law to the stockmarket where he made a considerable fortune. Babson used the idea of action and reaction to predict the 1929 crash in time to pull his money out. He also started Babson Reports-the oldest advi- sory business for investing funds- and founded Babson College. Chen's paper, "Another Glance at the Rainbow," proposes that measuring the spectrum of certain long wavelength EM waves "opens up a new window for another glance at 'gravity's rainbow',"that is, to the spectrum of density irreg- ularities in the early universe. Evelyn Eldridge-Diaz Firefighters Conduct Dri EVERY YEAR from spring to early summer Palo Alto's firefighters refresh their skills by attending classes, conducting exercises, and familiarizing their crews with the II latest information about equip- ment, fire behavior, and terrain. Recently SLAC hosted extensive exercises, which provided the added benefit that participating 7o c r 0 -s Wildland firefighting clothing-different than the clothing used when fighting structure fires-protects these firefighters. The firetrucks are also designed specifically for use in rough terrain. firefighters got to see first-hand what they might have to combat in the event of a fire. While firefighter exercises are held at SLAC yearly, this year was different in that all the equipment was brought in at the same time to address SLAC's unique situations of terrain, build- ings, and the amount of grass pre- sent. Each year the Fire Department inspects all areas where grass sur- rounds the immediate road and buildings. In addition the Fire Department works with Facilities to ensure that the length of the grass alongside roads and next to all buildings is cut down. To com- plete the fire safety effort, Security, in cooperation with the Fire Department, posts reminders at the front and back gates on days with a high fire danger. -Mick McDonald Palo Alto Fire Department Pisin Chen

Transcript of ^Interaction Point July 1995 Vol. Events and …...^Interaction Point Events and Happenings in the...

^Interaction PointEvents and Happenings

in the SLAC CommunityJuly 1995 Vol. 6, No. 7

Pisin Chen finds gravity award at end of rainbowRECENTLY PISIN CHEN ofTheory and Special Projectsreceived fourth place in the annualessay competition sponsored bythe Gravity Research Foundation.The purpose of the competition isto stimulate thought and encour-age work on gravitation.

The Gravity Research Founda-tion was founded in 1948 by RogerW. Babson and George M. Rideout,Sr.; it was Babson's way of thankingSir Isaac Newton for his good influ-ence. Babson encountered Newton'slaw of action and reaction whilestudying engineering at MIT. Aftergraduating he applied this law to

the stockmarket where he made aconsiderable fortune. Babson usedthe idea of action and reaction topredict the 1929 crash in time topull his money out. He also startedBabson Reports-the oldest advi-sory business for investing funds-and founded Babson College.

Chen's paper, "Another Glanceat the Rainbow," proposes thatmeasuring the spectrum of certainlong wavelength EM waves "opensup a new window for anotherglance at 'gravity's rainbow',"thatis, to the spectrum of density irreg-ularities in the early universe.

Evelyn Eldridge-Diaz

Firefighters Conduct DriEVERY YEAR from spring to earlysummer Palo Alto's firefightersrefresh their skills by attendingclasses, conducting exercises, andfamiliarizing their crews with the

IIlatest information about equip-ment, fire behavior, and terrain.Recently SLAC hosted extensiveexercises, which provided theadded benefit that participating

7oc

r0-s

Wildland firefighting clothing-different than the clothing used when fightingstructure fires-protects these firefighters. The firetrucks are also designedspecifically for use in rough terrain.

firefighters got to see first-handwhat they might have to combat inthe event of a fire. While firefighterexercises are held at SLAC yearly,this year was different in that all theequipment was brought in at thesame time to address SLAC'sunique situations of terrain, build-ings, and the amount of grass pre-sent.

Each year the Fire Departmentinspects all areas where grass sur-rounds the immediate road andbuildings. In addition the FireDepartment works with Facilitiesto ensure that the length of thegrass alongside roads and next toall buildings is cut down. To com-plete the fire safety effort, Security,in cooperation with the FireDepartment, posts reminders at thefront and back gates on days with ahigh fire danger. -Mick McDonald

Palo Alto Fire Department

Pisin Chen

PCB cleanup scheduledTHIS SUMMER you may noticean increase in truck traffic at SLACand a fairly extensive excavationproject occurring south of Interac-tion Region 6 (IR-6). The Environ-mental Protection and Restoration(EPR) Department is implementingtwo remediation projects toremove polychlorinated biphenyl(PCB) contamination from ourstorm-drain system.

Although SLAC now has a pro-gram to eliminate the use of PCB-containing oil in transformers, theoil was widely used in the past intransformers located throughoutthe facility. Over time, spills andleaks of transformer oil haveoccurred. PCBs, conveyed primari-ly by rain water run-off, haveentered the storm-drain inlets or"catch basins" and accumulated insoil and sediment in the storm-drain system. Most of the morethan 240 catch basins at SLAC arecovered with a grate and are

labeled "No Dumping, Flows toBay." One of the two remediationprojects this summer involves the

NO DUMPING

FLOWS TO BAYremoval of potentially contaminat-ed sediments from most or all ofthe catch basins, to prevent furthermigration of PCBs.

The storm water collected incatch basins located in the

Research Yard flows to a man-made drainage channel south ofIR-6. PCBs have accumulated in thesoils and sediments of the IR-6drainage channel. To complete theremediation of SLAC's storm drainsystem, the contaminated soils andsediments in the channel will beexcavated and disposed of off-site.When the excavation is complete,the channel will be restored to itspre-existing condition. During theexcavation and backfilling stagesof the project, truck traffic will beheavy, particularly along the roadthat connects IR-6 and IR-8.

If you have questions regardingthe Catch Basin Clean-out Project,you may contact Kirk Stoddard ofthe EPR Department, ext. 3801.Questions or concerns regardingthe IR-6 Drainage Channel Reme-diation Project may be directed toMicki DeCamara or Susan Witeb-sky of the EPR Department,ext. 4331.

Micki DeCamara

Explorer Scouts know meaning of "3095"DO YOU KNOW the significanceof the number 3095? That questionwas posed to 80 high school stu-dents at the initial SLAC ScienceExplorer Post meeting in 1993.Since then, the Scouts have had aprogram of science educationthrough monthly meetings andfield trips. They visited the SLDinteraction region, toured the Col-lider Hall, listened to Terry Schalkspeak about physics and poetry,and were fascinated by DougDupen's story about the creationof SLAC.

You didn't know there was aScience Explorer Post, or you don'tknow what an Explorer post is?Well, "Exploring" is a division ofthe Boy Scouts of America open toyoung men and women, 14 yearsor older, who are interested inexploring career possibilities.

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SLAC's post, like the traditionalExplorer posts that are affiliatedwith police, fire, or paramedicorganizations, gives young peoplethe chance to "explore" differentcareers before they decide on col-lege.

This Explorer program showshow SLAC relates to the free enter-prise system in America. TakingAdmiral Watkins at his word: "Wein government must increasinglyuse our world class scientists,engineers, and facilities to helpmotivate and educate America'syoung - and America's teach-ers..." Post 3095 is following in thefootsteps of other national labs.

Explorer Post 3095, run by theyoung people, recruits members,elects officers, and plans programsbased on SLAC's program andresource inventory. Adult advisors

train and guide post members andofficers. The Post is gearing up foranother year of activity and needsmentors in various areas of exper-tise and to fill positions such asprogram director and treasurer. Ifyou are interested in helping theseenthusiastic young people learnmore about what people do atSLAC, contact Bebo White atext. 2907 or Geoff Girvin at ext.2906. And spread the word in yourcommunity; advisors are alwaysneeded, and it's a chance to let theoutside community learn whatSLAC is really about.

For those of you who don'tremember, 3095 is the mass of thefirst psi resonance as observed atSPEAR (actually 3.095 GeV). Itseemed fitting that this should beused as SLAC's Post number.

-Geoff Girvin

Two lab runners' teams circle Lake TahoeSIX SLAC RUNNERS on twoteams participated in the 31stannual Captain Robert Decelle IIMemorial Tahoe Relays onJune 10. An all-women team calledSlackers and Trackers featuredRenata Dart of Computing Ser-vices, Charlotte Hee of Group C,and was anchored by Chris Trailerof Controls. A men's team, theRockets, was captained by MichaelDiSalvo of Power Conversion andincluded Jim Allan of ES&H, andBob Trailer of Controls.

This was the first attempt forthe women at the challenging 72-mile course circling Lake Tahoe.Each of the seven team membersmust run one leg of the course.Renata Dart, who was getting overa bad cold, drew leg 2, a difficultuphill climb from Zephyr Cove toSpooner Point. With Chris, Char-lotte, and Renata's husband Martyproviding moral support and fluidreplacements Renata reachedSpooner Point. "It was difficult butI felt really good about my run,"said Renata. A much easier leg 3finishes at Incline Village. Leg 4continues to Tahoe city whereCharlotte Hee took over.

Charlotte began leg 5 wearinglong black tights and soon found ittoo hot. Renata convinced her tojump into the support vehicle for aquick change into running shorts.Charlotte survived the heat andran well, completing her 10.7 milesin Homewood where leg 6 begins.Leg 6 is the most difficult of all-asteady uphill climb to Bliss Parkabove Emerald Cove. The racebegan at 7:00 AM; it was after6:15 PM when Chris Trailer tookthe hand-off for the final 10.6miles, with the Slackers and Track-ers dead last and a long way back.

Chris descended to EmeraldCove and managed the mile-longclimb out. She was determined theSlackers and Trackers would not

Shown are, left to right, the Rockets (back row): Bob Trailer, Michael DiSalvo, andJim Allan; and the Slackers and Trackers (front row): Renata Dart, Chris Trailer,and Charlotte Hee.

finish last even though shecouldn't see any other runnersahead of her. Chris recovered wellon the down hills and was sostrong she caught two other run-ners before finishing to the cheersof teammates, family, and mem-bers of the Rockets. "I told you Irefuse to be last," said Christhrough rasping breath, but with atriumphant and happy glow onher face.

This year was the second TahoeRelay for the Rockets, with six oflast year's team returning. Lastyear the Rockets placed 29th out of95 teams.

As in the previous year, JimAllan ran the first leg. Jim betteredlast year's great performance, leav-ing the team in 18th place out of 92teams. The Rockets hung onthrough the difficult leg 2 andwere in 26th place when BobTrailer took the hand-off for leg 5.Bob passed two more runners andhanded off to Michael DiSalvo

with the team in 24th. Michael,who is a very strong hill runner,passed three more runners on thedifficult leg 6. The Rockets' newteam member Eric hung on,despite last-minute challengers, tokeep the team in 21st place with afinishing time of 8:43:50.

Several Rockets and honoraryRocket Jack Hahn of SLAC's Safe-ty, Health, and Assurance Depart-ment returned to encourage ChrisTrailer on the Slackers and Track-ers anchor leg. Even Chris' three-year-old son Robert got in the acthanding Chris a water bottle asshe ran by in the last miles. Mostof Chris' teammates were gladthey ran the relays but only Renataand Chris would do it again. Asfor the Rockets: they'll be back butthey will find it hard to improveon this year's performance.

Bob Trailer

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Welcome Guests and New Employees

Summer brings population explosionIF YOU GET THE FEELINGthat the local population hasincreased dramatically, you'reright. Each summer several factorsinfluence this temporary growth-the Summer Science Institute,Summer Teacher's Workshop, andyoung people participating in sev-eral summer-job programs bringnew faces. Listed below aretemporary and permanentemployees hired in July andguests and visitors who arrivedthis month.

SUMMER SCIENCE PARTICIPANTS:Matthew Anderson, Klystron;Joseph Atkins, SSRL; Kevin Chock,PEP-II; David Diaz, Theory & Spe-cial Projects; Timothy Duncan,SSRL; Guadalupe Flores III, Radia-tion Physics; Carlos Green, Acceler-ator; Daniel Hornbaker, RadiationPhysics; Christopher Jackson, Con-trols; Nancy Lai, SSRL; TeresaNapili, SLD; Viki Ogden, Accelera-tor; Amit Patel, Theory & SpecialProjects; Kristin Poduska, Experi-mental Group I; Patricia Rivera,Theory & Special Projects; EugeneSy, Experimental Group A;Dondrea Thompson, Environmen-tal Waste Management; JustinVazquez-Poritz, ExperimentalGroup A; Isela Villanueva, Acceler-ator; Yan-Mei Wang, ExperimentalGroup A.

GEM PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS:LaTisha Fluellen, Plant Engineer-ing; Percy Kirklin, BBR; Alex Mar-tinez, Accelerator.

DOE/NAACP STUDENT:Christopher Cummings, Environ-mental Waste Management.

SUMMER HIRES-OUTREACHPROGRAM:Alonzo Avelar, Controls; TurjaBanks, Facilities; Latasha Brous-sard, Personnel; Joanna Casillas,Purchasing; Zahra Charley, Techni-cal Publications; Jahmari Davis,Stores; Anh Do, Power Conversion;Rose Garcia, Research Division;Rafael Gomez, Accounting; Fernan-do Miranda, Cryogenics; JeremyNelson, PEP-II B Factory; CodyWhite, Shipping & Receiving.

SUMMER HIRES:Thomas Abramo, Klystron; CindyArias, Document Control; RosabelAvila, Babar; Anne Baker, TechnicalInformation Services; MateuszBryning, SLC; Brent Conrad, Kly-stron; Robert Contaoi, OperationalHealth Physics; Nathan Fackrell,SSRL; Blake Gaderlund, PEP-II BFactory; Peter Gallego Jr., PEP-II BFactory; Bryan Gill, Klystron; Mar-cus Gorgees, PEP-II B Factory;Michael J. J. Harms, Controls; TaraHarrington, Operational Health

Physics; Felicia Jose, Controls;Chung-ju Lee, SSRL; Melinda Lee,Travel; James Li, Metrology; Wen-liang (William) Mao, OperationalHealth Physics; Tiffany Nixon, PEP-II B Factory; Brian Oden, PEP-II BFactory; Heather Ryan-Taylor,Operational Health Physics; HernanSaab, SLC; Anatoly Spitkovsky,Accelerator Theory & Special Pro-jects; Kevin Scott, Technical Publi-cations; Travis Sweeney, PEP-II BFactory; Dwight Thompson, SLD;Lewis Vines, Klystron; FrankWang, Klystron; Jason White, Pow-er Conversion; Rebecca Zaske, SLC.

GUESTS AND NEW EMPLOYEES:Lisa Adair, Plant Engineering;Mitsuo Akemoto, Accelerator Theory& Special Projects; Boris Blok, Theo-ry; Ard Brandenburg, Theory;Md-Zahid Hasan, SSRL Research;David Horn, Theory; Sandra Horton-Smith, SLC; Vladimir Ivanchenko,Experimental Group E; Zhi-Yu (John)Jiang, Experimental Group I; ShinyaKanemura, Experimental Group C;Valentin Khoze, Theory; MarkMcDougald, Experimental Group C;Sanghyun Park, SSRL; Chul Hi Park,SLD; Shahabuddin Riazuddin, Theo-ry; James G. Smith, SSRL Research;James H. Smith, Waste Management;Joseph Taron, Theory; DennisUgolini, Experimental Group E; ArielZhitnitsky, Theory.

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Softball, Continued from page 8

B-Factory and End Station experi-menters this year." He added thatthere were a few "recruits of new-ly arrived [and youthful] summerstudents" at the last minute. It wasalso rumored that several of theExperimental team members actu-ally play on league softball teams.This could have tipped the balancein favor of Experiment this year.

A post-game celebration washeld at the nearby home of Mikeand Heather Woods, where hospi-tality was warm and there wereample refreshments to sootheparched throats and aching bones.As always the win-loss history ofthe annual championship was thetopic of lively debate, featuringselective memory and temporaryamnesia.

Since the Theory team neverheld the trophy (a new feature this

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The winning Theory team, (left to right), back row: Jaret Heise, Terry Toole, LeeSorrell, Eric Torrence, David Reyna, David Leith, Nick Allen, Gordon Leith, GregMitchell, Ari Benbasat, Derek Leith, Glenn Crawford (holding Molly Crawford),Jim Johnson (holding Bobby Crawford), John Olmsted, Tracy Usher; kneeling:Mike Woods, Jim Quigley, Steve Churchwell, Ron Cassel, Mark McDougalt,Steph Roy.

year), there is good incentive for arecovery next year. Captain Dixonwas also seen chatting with Accel-erator Theorist Ron "The Babe"

Ruth about when to schedule nextyear's game. See you at the ballpark! -Nina Stolar, Statistician

Teachers do the learning at summer workshopSIX HIGH-SCHOOL PHYSICSteachers are at SLAC for the sum-mer as part of a teacher researchassociate program sponsored bythe Department of Energy andAssociated Western Universities.Each of the teachers is assigned toa research project with a staffmember as a supervisor. It ishoped that in addition to helpingSLAC with its research mission, theteacher will also gain usefulknowledge to transfer to the class-room.

Victor ("Maz") Mazmanian,from Riverside, CT, is working onthe millicharge experiment with

Al Odian. In addition to teachingfull time at Greenwich HighSchool, Maz is also studying forhis doctorate in science educationat Columbia University.

Gary Garber comes to SLACfrom the Germantown FriendsHigh School in Philadelphia. Heholds a BS degree with two majors,physics and astronomy. While atSLAC, Gary will work with MarcRoss on laser applications.

Steve Harless is an engineer byeducation, but is currently teach-ing physics in Southern California.Steve will spend the summerworking with Gary Godfrey on

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readout electronics for the GLASTproject.

Event pictures will be drilledinto Bob Baker's brain over thesummer. Working in Joe Perl'sgroup, Bob will sort and describeevent pictures currently on theWorld Wide Web with the hopeof making them more accessiblefor others. Baker is a physicsteacher at Santa Monica HighSchool in southern California.

You'll have seen Bill Culling-ford on the ferry, BART, and bicy-cle as he makes his way to SLACeach day from Oakland where heteaches at Holy Names HighSchool. Bill is working with BillWisniewski to test cesium iodidecrystals.

Not pictured is Paul Muhl, a localteacher from Palo Alto High School.Paul's main interest is programming,and he is working with Tom Glanz-man on C++ programming.

-P.A. Moore

Teachers attending the summer workshop: (I to r) Victor Mazmanian, Gary Gar-ber, Steve Harless, Bob Baker, Bill Cullingford (not pictured, Paul Muhl).

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Use of ozone-depleting chemical reducedU .

YOU MAY HAVE HEARD howdepletion of the earth's ozone lay-er has resulted in increased expo-sure of humans and other lifeforms to dangerous ultravioletlight from the sun. This depletionhas been attributed mainly to aspecial class of chemicals calledchlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).

CFCs in freons and trichloro-ethanes (used in cleaning solventsand refrigerants) and halons (usedin fire extinguishers) have specialproperties that make them useful.They do not easily degrade, theyare non-flammable, they evaporatereadily, they have low toxicity,and they have good heat capacity.CFCs provide excellent cleaningcapability without the hazardsassociated with solvents that wereused in the past, which tended tobe flammable, toxic, non-volatile,and responsible for creating smog.

Despite their usefulness, CFCsand other human-made com-pounds such as nitric oxides reactwith ultraviolet light from the sunin the stratosphere, the layer 12 to50 kilometers above the earth.These reactions release chlorineatoms and other substances thatdestroy ozone molecules in a chainreaction effect.

Ozone can also form in thetroposphere, the layer just above

the earth that contains the air webreathe. When chemicals such ashydrocarbons and nitric oxides(from automobiles, for example)react with ultraviolet light or elec-trical system discharges, they formthe brown haze or photochemicalsmog that we observe on the hori-zon during sunny days. Smog isthe culprit of the resulting tearfuleyes and breathing difficultiesexperienced by commuters.

SLAC has implemented a seriesof measures to reduce the use ofozone-depleting CFCs. SLAC Storeshas been keeping up with chang-ing alternatives by stocking off-the-shelf products that no longercontain CFCs. These productsinclude circuit-board flux cleaners,electrical-contact cleaners, rustinhibitors, lubricants, andmachine-tool cooling agents. Ifyou use these products, be awarethat they may now contain flam-mable chemicals. Observe cautionif you use them on heated compo-nents, or in an open-flame envi-ronment. Some products thatcontain a milder class of ozonedepleters called hydrochlorofluo-rocarbons tend to be more toxicand are considered interim alter-natives to CFCs. For moderatecleaning requirements, Storesoffers water-based cleaners thatare effective for a range of clean-ing applications. To obtain moreinformation on alternatives toozone-depleting chemicals, contactthe US General Services Adminis-tration (GSA). The GSA offers a listof commercial cleaning suppliesthat do not cause depletion of theozone layer. They also offer tech-nical assistance onalternative cleaners at (206) 931-

7109 (see also the CommercialCleaning Supplies catalogue avail-able at Stores).

Alternatives to CFC cleaners arenot always easy to identify for cer-tain applications. SLAC has set upa committee to identify alternativecleaners and cleaning methods forcritical cleaning operations.

.Se Ozone. ncan 7

The Interaction Point © 1995, is published by Technical Publications of Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. Editor: Evelyn Eldridge-Diaz.Deadline for articles is the first of every month. Items are published on a space-available basis and are subject to edit. Information on how to

write for The Interaction Point is available on the World Wide Web at http://www.slac.stanford.edu/pubs/slaconly/tip/tip.html. Submissionsmay be sent electronically to TIP@SLACVM or by SLAC mail to TIP, MS 68. Phone 926-4128.

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Wall Street meets Main StreetA RECENT PRESENTATION atthe noon forum sponsored by theWomen's Interchange at SLAC(WIS) featured stock marketinvestor Edward Moore, who dis-cussed how to invest in the marketthrough investment clubs. Mooreclaimed that the average person'sretirement investment fund is vul-nerable to erosion through infla-tion, inattention, and ineptmanagement.

That is why he decided to takecharge of his own financial future."Another reason," Moore stated,"is that I don't think Social Securi-ty is going to be around very long.And even if it is, it will be aninsignificant contribution to myretirement income."

Moore is a member of two BayArea investment clubs and a direc-tor of the regional council of theNational Association of Invest-ment Clubs (NAIC). He givesworkshops on the fundamentals ofevaluating publicly traded compa-

Ozone Continued from page 6

The committee is composed ofmembers of the Physical Electron-ics (PEL) Department, the Mechan-ical Fabrication (MFD) Department,the Klystron and Vacuum Depart-ment, the Stanford SynchrotronRadiation Laboratory (SSRL), andthe Environment, Safety andHealth Division. Targeted opera-tions included beam lines, vacuumchambers, and klystron equipmentoperating under ultrahigh vacuum(UHV) conditions. UHV partsrequire extremely clean surfaces,as unclean surfaces tend to releasecontaminants that destroy UHVconditions and can interfere withthe subatomic particle experi-ments.

To address cleaning alterna-tives for UHV applications, MFD

nies and is a consultant in privatepractice.

When asked about the recentfluctuations in the market, Moorereplied by quoting wisdom fromthe famous investor, John Temple-ton: "The market will go up....andit will go down."

He then explained that the twobasic investment types are thosewho react to market fluctuations(technicians) and those who arefundamental investors-peoplewho invest in a company becauseit is doing well. Fundamentalinvestors have a buy-and-hold

plans to use a closed-system vapordegreaser. Unlike the vapordegreasers currently in use, thenew degreaser significantlyreduces solvent emissions to theatmosphere.

MFD and PEL performed in-depth work to find an alternativesolvent that could meet less criticalcleaning applications. MFD testednumerous solvents to screen outpotential alternatives. One promis-ing alternative is a petroleum-based solvent called D-GREEZE500. Its cleaning capabilities werecompared with existing cleaningmethods by surface analyses thatused PEL's x-ray photoelectronspectroscopy techniques.

The Klystron and Vacuumdepartment is investigating theuse of water-based cleaners forcleaning klystron tube and tank

philosophy that is antithetical tothe technicians who buy and sell.

Moore cited some statisticsabout investing gleaned from his

i involvement with the NAIC. Theinflation rate over the past 60 yearshas averaged 3.3%. If one investedin treasury bills over that sametime, the net gain would havebeen zero, since the net return ontreasury bills was 3.3%. Investingin bonds over the same amount oftime would have brought a mod-est gain since bonds earned 4.4%.

However, an investment in thestock market would have broughta return of 9.5%. For members ofinvestment clubs the average com-pounded annual return over thepast 34 years has been 10.6%.Those wishing more informationabout starting an investment clubat SLAC may contact EvelynEldridge Diaz at MS 68 or callext. 4128.

-Penny Nichols

assemblies, and SSRL and PEL areinvestigating an alternative sol-vent for cleaning cold traps.

Freon refrigerants are used atSLAC to operate centralized air-conditioning equipment. Replac-ing freon refrigerants could resultin significant cost to SLAC becausespecially designed equipment isneeded to handle alternativerefrigerants. Alternatives to freonare still being examined.

The Safety Department haseliminated some non-critical halonfire extinguishers and replacedthem with alternative systems. Atthis time, no comparable replace-ments are readily available thatoffer all of the benefits of halonfire extinguishers.

Rich Cellamare

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Annual softball game

EXPERIMENT versus THEORYTHEORY AND EXPERIMENTsoftball teams locked horns infront of a wildly cheering, pen-nant-waving crowd at Palo AltoHigh School on June 10. The highstakes game determined annualSLAC softball bragging rights andanswered the most importantquestion of the day: Could Experi-ment prevent Theory from achiev-ing a rare three-peat consecutivechampionship string?

A strong wind whipped dustdevils across the sun-baked infieldas Theory bats fell ominouslysilent in the bottom of the ninthinning. When the last out wasrecorded, Experiment boostersexploded with joy as heavy heart-ed Theory cheerleaders felt thesting of defeat for the first time intwo years. Although Theory foundmany reasons to explain the loss- missing key players, no homefield advantage, borrowed players

-the scoreboard stated it mostprofoundly. Final score: Experi-ment 13, Theory 5.

Theory's strategy for victoryover Experiment required strongerrorless fielding, wily pitching,and consistent run-producing basehits. Theory boosters accompaniedby mascot Daisy (the dog) made astrong showing, with pennantswaving and cheerleaders cheering... but it was expectation versusexecution.

Conversely Experiment, boast-ing a strong 20-person coed mix,quickly established the lead andnever looked back. By the thirdinning, the score was 5-2. The fifthinning produced three additionalExperiment runs for an 8-2 lead.Theory rallied in the bottom of theeighth for three runs of their ownto tighten the score to 8-5, butExperiment erupted for five giantruns in the ninth putting the gameout of reach and into history books.

Bobby and Molly Crawford rooted fordad, Glenn Crawford of the Experi-ment team, at a recent practice.

Even innings where no runswere tallied produced lots ofaction and high drama. Bases wereloaded many times by both teamsonly to be cut short by heroic field-ing and crisp double plays. Theplay of the game was CarlSchmidt's diving snag of SteveChurchwell's two-out, bases-loaded line drive. The only dingerof the game was Lance Dixon'ssolo homer in the second inning.

Following the game, Theorycongratulated their Experimentalcolleagues and graciously surren-dered the game trophy. Askedabout this loss, Theory CaptainLance Dixon pointed out "theteam missed their last practiceopportunity when the Experimen-tal captain took the equipment box(containing bats, balls, and gloves)home.

Commenting on their win, Cap-tain Mike Woods felt there was "afairly even contribution by SLD,

See Softball, page 5

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