Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)€¦ · PPT file · Web viewIntelligent Transportation...
Transcript of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)€¦ · PPT file · Web viewIntelligent Transportation...
Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)
Achieving the Vision: From VII to IntelliDriveSM
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Achieving the Vision
Original vision for Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (VII):
Dramatic safety improvements Promise of revolutionary mobility
improvementsAchieved through wireless communication with & between vehicles
This vision remains the same!
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Achieving the Vision – VIIThe Original PlanInfrastructure was a central prerequisite
Nationwide deployment Extensive number of installations
Why? Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications promised dramatic safety gains
▪ But, it would take 15-20 years for fleet turnover to realize big benefits Infrastructure deployment thru vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) was a way to
get benefits more quickly. Both V2V and V2I required a DSRC radio @5.9GHz in the vehicle and infrastructureSafety messages only used part of the bandwidth. Other applications – mobility & convenience – could also be accommodated with the same DSRC radio.
A sound starting point, but:• Would it work technically?• Could it be practically implemented?
Proof of Concept (POC) Test
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Achieving the Vision – VII Proof of Concept
Given the assumptions about VII, the proof of concept test focused on: Message exchanges using DSRC at 5.9 GHz Testing of draft DSRC standards “Stub” (partially developed) applications. Did not build or test full applications Small number of cars & only cars V2I-focused because of original assumptions
POC proved that the basic technical concept would work. But could it be practically implemented?
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Achieving the Vision – Could VII Be Practically Implemented?The Chicken and Egg ProblemWhy should Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) invest without the infrastructure?Without infrastructure, how could benefits be realized quickly?How could infrastructure be deployed?
About 300,000 Roadside Equipment (RSE) needed nationwide to support all envisioned applications.
Could infrastructure be installed quickly? Who will be responsible for operations and maintenance of the RSE? Who would provide the financial investment? How could thousands of jurisdictions be engaged in deployment?
Three Big DilemmasWhat comes first – vehicles or infrastructure?How do we get adequate penetration in the vehicle fleet to realize benefits?How do we deploy the infrastructure?
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Proliferation of “smartphones” and other personal/mobile computing/communication devices (e.g, Blackberry; iPhone, etc)
Greatly expanded communication capabilities provided by cellular telephone technology (i.e., 3rd Generation or 3G networks supporting text, voice and video data transmission at higher speeds)
Applications capable of providing location-specific information (e.g., GPS-based; cellular-based location services such as shopping, weather, etc)
Data Virtualization – Cloud computing and ubiquitous access
Access to real-time information, search capabilities
In the Meantime – An Explosion of Wireless Technology
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The vision has not changed – still safety, mobility and convenience through wireless technology
We must determine the optimal pathway (s) to realize the vision
Same Vision – New Pathways
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Same Vision – New Pathways
Original Strategy Evolving Strategy
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Safety Applications – The Game Changers
10076%12%
Non-impairedCrashes:Two scenarios
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Safety Applications: The Game Changers
Research QuestionsWhich comes first – cars or infrastructure?
For V2V applications, NHTSA will assess regulatory potential
Outcome of regulatory assessment may suggest that vehicle installation comes first
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Same Vision – New Pathways
Original Strategy Evolving Strategy
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Safety Applications: The Game ChangersResearch QuestionsWhich comes first – cars or infrastructure?
For V2V applications, NHTSA will assess regulatory potential
Outcome of regulatory assessment may indicate that vehicle installation comes first
How do we get fleet penetration for earlier benefit?
Aftermarket DSRC devices (devices with GPS, cell communication, & power) may offer opportunities
▪ “Here I Am” messages
▪ Different functionality, and easier to deploy
▪ Market potential for aftermarket DSRC devices is not clear
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Same Vision – New Pathways
Original Strategy Evolving Strategy
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Safety Applications: The Game ChangersResearch QuestionsWhich comes first – vehicles or infrastructure?
For V2V applications, NHTSA will assess regulatory potential
Outcome of regulatory assessment may indicate that vehicle installation comes first
How do we get fleet penetration for earlier benefit? Aftermarket DSRC devices (devices with GPS, cell communication, &
power) may offer opportunities▪ “Here I Am” messages▪ Different functionality, and easier to deploy▪ Market potential for aftermarket DSRC devices is not clear
How do we deploy infrastructure? V2V may not require DSRC wireless connectivity to roadway infrastructure ;
Other wireless communication may be sufficient
Infrastructure may become a spot safety application▪ Signals, curves, other sites
DSRC data can be integrated into mobility applications
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Roadside Equipment to handle non-DSRC communications
Same Vision – New Pathways
• Does V2V require DSRC Infrastructure?
• If so, how much, where?
• If not, what are other infrastructure requirements?
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Same Vision – New Pathways
• What is the effectiveness of signal, phase & timing (SPaT) applications?
• Besides SPaT, what are other infrastructure applications?
• What are the infrastructure requirements?
• How is data integrated for mobility applications?
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Same Vision – New Pathways
Original Strategy Evolving Strategy
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Same Vision – New Pathways
Original Strategy Evolving Strategy
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Technical Issues: Potential Game ChangersResearch Questions:What are the infrastructure requirements for V2V data security?
Is DSRC required to connect vehicles to infrastructure for data security functionality?
Are other communication technologies adequate?
How much and what type of infrastructure is needed for data security?
Is positioning technology adequate? V2V requires relative positioning; V2I requires absolute positioning
Potential issues between differing GPS manufacturers
Will IntelliDriveSM scale to accommodate all vehicles?
Will DSRC radio channel switching (for safety & non-safety applications) work? Or, will a separate safety radio be required?
Security messages may use significant communication overhead
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Policy Issues: Evolving Research Needs
PrivacyGovernanceFundingDeployment approachData OwnershipCertificationSustainability,Risk & Liability
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Not To Lose Sight of Weather & Environment
Weather and Environmental Applications:
All require data from vehicle systems
May NOT require DSRC - Research Question
Will need to transmit data to infrastructure to a data processing entity
What data?
How frequently?
To whom?
For what use?
Research Questions
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Original Strategy Evolving Strategy
Same Vision – New Pathways
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Same Vision – New Pathways
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Summary – VII to IntelliDriveSM
Vision remains the same
New technology developments & research findings give us new pathways to the same vision
DSRC capabilities are essential for safety (V2V & V2I)
DSRC in aftermarket devices may be a way to accelerate benefits
Non-DSRC data can be used now for mobility
Technical issues remain that could be game changers
DSRC for all uses (safety, mobility, weather and environment) may converge over time
We need to hold the vision as research reveals the optimal pathway