ADB Water Week13 March 2013

Where is the progress in IWRM application?

Integrated Flood Risk Management in a Seamless Manner

Kuniyoshi TakeuchiInternational Centre for Water Hazard and Risk

Management under the auspices of UNESCO (ICHARM)Management under the auspices of UNESCO (ICHARM)Public Works Research Institute (PWRI)

Tsukuba, Japan

Evolution of IWRMEvolution of IWRM Many historical WRDs, TVA (1930s) etc. Mal del Plata Action Plan (1977) use & efficiency, natural

hazards, environmental & pollution control, planning & management, public information, education, cooperation• the first internationally coordinated approach to IWRM

Dublin Conference and Agenda 21 (1992)• Finite vulnerable & essential to be managed in an integrated• Finite, vulnerable & essential to be managed in an integrated

manner, participatory approach, women’s role, economic good

GWP Technical Advisory Committee (2000)B C f (2001) & J h b WSSD (2002) Bonn Conf (2001) & Johannesburg WSSD (2002)

From Principle to Implementation From Principle to Implementation

Integrated Water Resources ManagementIntegrated Water Resources Management

IWRM is a process which t th di t dpromotes the co-ordinated

development and management of water, land Hydrological

Cycle

Land Use & Eco-g

and related resources, in order to maximize the resultant economic and social

Cycle Environmental System

IWRMresultant economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without

i i th

Socio-Economic & Institutional

compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems. (GWP TAC,

SystemHuman society & Decision Making y (

2000)

Integrated Flood Risk Managementg g IFRM IFM IWRM IFRM is a process which promotes the co ordinated IFRM is a process which promotes the co-ordinated

development and management of floodplain to reduce flood risk while maximizing the benefit of floodplain in an equitable manner within ecological and societal sustainability by the best mix of structural and nonstructural means to control floods, mitigate flood , gdamages or adapt society for the nature.

Integrated with: environmental management, f t d t t ti d d d lforestry, roads, transportation, underground develop, sewerage, city/land use planning/regulation, capacity development, awareness raising, community preparedness, …

Needs of IFRM in a seamless mannerNeeds of IFRM in a seamless manner

Seamless in hat? Seamless in what?• Temporal and spatial hydrological scales• Developed and developing worlds• Developed and developing worlds

• In availability of capacity, data & other resources.

• Water-land-climate-environmantal and human societal boundaries

• Disciplinary boundariesS i i t i l b d i

Key is a hydro-environmental

simulation model• Socio-economic sectorial boundaries

• Institutional & administrative boundaries• Trans-boundaries

model.

• Trans-boundaries

Advanced Technology for Early Warning & Hazard Mapping

IFASIFASIntegrated Flow

Analysis System

20120101-20120930 JunMagome

Rainfall

GSMaP/JAXA

RiverRiver discharge

Jun Magome, 2012

version Flood preparedness for all

YJPhilippinesPhilippines YJ KWAK

Hazard: Hazard: FID areaFID area0 m < H 50 < 4 18 m0 m < Hmax _50 year < 4.18 m

Affected People 3,552,000

Map of Flood Waters over the Affected Districts of Machanga and Govuro, Lower Savi River, Mozambique

By modelBy model By satelliteBy satellite

UNOSATUNOSAT (17.Jan.2008)

Potential flood areaPotential flood area

2010 Pakistan flood Nowcasts by IFAS

29 July

SeishiNabesaka

IFAS modeling schematics

Kabul river

29 July

0

520,000

25,000

30,000satellite based rainfall(mm) discharge(m3/s)

IFAS modeling schematics

15 July to 18 August10

150

5,000

10,000

15,000

ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul ul g g g g g g g g g g g g g g

Kabuｌ river at Nowshera

Satellite based rainfall GSMaP ICHARM modified

15 July to 18 August

13 September

060,000satellite based rainfal(mm) discharge(m3/s)

15‐Ju

16‐Ju

17‐Ju

18‐Ju

20‐Ju

21‐Ju

22‐Ju

23‐Ju

25‐Ju

26‐Ju

27‐Ju

28‐Ju

30‐Ju

31‐Ju

1‐Au

2‐Au

4‐Au

5‐Au

6‐Au

7‐Au

9‐Au

10‐Au

11‐Au

12‐Au

14‐Au

15‐Au

16‐Au

17‐Au

Target areaKabul river

13 SeptemberOCHA

5

10

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

Indus river at Kalur Kot

15 July to 18 August

150

,

15‐Jul

16‐Jul

17‐Jul

18‐Jul

20‐Jul

21‐Jul

22‐Jul

23‐Jul

25‐Jul

26‐Jul

27‐Jul

28‐Jul

30‐Jul

31‐Jul

1‐Au

g2‐Au

g4‐Au

g5‐Au

g6‐Au

g7‐Au

g9‐Au

g10

‐Aug

11‐Aug

12‐Aug

14‐Aug

15‐Aug

16‐Aug

17‐Aug

10

Indus river at Kalur Kot

13 Oct, 2011 by MODIS

5mSimulation on

Oct 18, 2011 by ICHARMTyhoonNock-ten in Julyin July. 145% of av(J,A,S)’08-’10

Nakhon SawanNakhon Sawan

A tthAyutthaya

Bangkok1 : July 231 : Aug 162 : Sep 192 : Oct 1123 N 1

Bangkok

11

123 : Nov 1152 : Nov 30

0mSayama’s RRI model by satellites & NWF

Promoting local ownership of flood forecastsPromoting local ownership of flood forecastsICHARM’s Challenge: LocalismLocalism

TrainingSystemIFASIFAS

ICHARM s Challenge: LocalismLocalism

Local DataGlobal Data

ADB-ICHARM TA7276-REG

Bangladesh: Whole Nation- Review & recomm

Philippines: Pampanga & Cagayan basins- Application of

Cambodia: Lower

of Early Warning Systems

- Capacity building

IFAS - Capacity devlpmnt

& training

Cambodia: Lower Mekong Basin- Develpmnt of

flood vulnerability indices

Indonesia: Solo basin- Implementation of satellite-

based flood forecasting systemC it d fl d- Community-managed flood risk management

- Capacity building

Installation of IFAS Indonesia componentIndonesia Component

Near Real timeR l ti Fl d Al t S t Near Real time Flood Alert

System

Real-time Flood Alert System

Data collection by SMS (hourly) Courtesy of JAXACourtesy of JAXA

Satellite based Satellite based rainfallrainfall

Automatic Automatic accessaccess

Automatic Automatic accessaccess

Data pick upData pick up OutputOutput accessaccess

Alert

Alert

Automatic Alert e-mail14

Solo RiverIntegrated Flood Analysis System (IFAS)IFAS installation in Solo river basin in Indonesia

•Satellite‐based rainfall data (free)•Geological data for modeling (free)•Elevation data, Land use data and soil data (free)

Surfacemodel

inpu

t

Target Area: Solo RiverRiver basin Area : 16,100km2

Length : 540km

Solo River

Run‐off analysis

Aquifer modelRiver coursemodel

Creation Runoff moduleOutput; River discharge, 

Water level, Rainfall distribution

E ti W i

Reach to the warning level

Alert message by E‐mail and PC displayJudgment 

by River managers

Evacuation Warning

Community based flood managementTech + Localism + Cap Build  Better Combination

0

52500

3000rainfall measured Q IFAS discharge

Q (m

3/s)

Demonstration activities:(1) facilitation for community hazard and risk 

assessment and mapping, (2) facilitation for preparing risk maps, FRM 

action plans and the manual for early warning system and evacuation plan 

Semen Pinggir

KedungSumber

Community based flood management

10

15

201000

1500

2000

Warning stage 3

Discharge 

The pilot villages(3) support community in technical aspects 

for carrying out emergency drills and exercises 

20

25

300

500

1000

12/25 12:00 12/25 18:00 12/26 0:00 12/26 6:00 12/26 12:00 12/26 18:00

Warning stage 2Warning stage 1

P RiP Ri C RiC Ri

IFAS installation and identifying flood causes in Pampanga and Cagayan river basins in the Philippines

"Tuguegarao

ÜPampanga RiverPampanga River

10,454km2

18 rainfall stations

Cagayan RiverCagayan River

27,280km2

5 rainfall stations

"

"

"

Gamu

Tumauini

Maris Dam

11 water level stations 5 water level stations

"Pangal

- 195 - 0

0 - 50

50 - 100

100 - 200

200 - 300

300 - 400 Gamu stationMayapyap station0 20 40 60 80 10010

km

400 - 500

500 - 1,000

1,000 - 2,000

2,000 - 3,000

Rain (Ground) Measured Q Ground GSMaP original Ground with dam

0

5

10

15

20

25

2011/9/26 2011/9/27 2011/9/28 2011/9/29 2011/9/30 2011/10/1 2011/10/2 2011/10/3 2011/10/4

Rainfall (m

m/hr)

Ground GSMaP original

R i M d Q G d GSM P 3B42RT

0

5

10

15

20

25

2006/1/23 2006/1/24 2006/1/25 2006/1/26 2006/1/27 2006/1/28 2006/1/29 2006/1/30 2006/1/31

Rainfall (m

m/hr)

Ground GSMaP 3B42RTGamu stationMayapyap station

0

5

10

15

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

ainfall (mm/hr)

Discharge (m

3/s)

Rain (Ground) Measured Q Ground GSMaP original Ground with dam0

5

10

15

20

256000

8000

10000

12000

14000

nfall (mm/hr)

ischarge (m

3/s)

Rain Measured Q Ground GSMaP 3B42RT

20

25

300

1000

2000

2011/9/26 2011/9/27 2011/9/28 2011/9/29 2011/9/30 2011/10/1 2011/10/2 2011/10/3 2011/10/4

RaD

30

35

40

450

2000

4000

2006/1/23 2006/1/24 2006/1/25 2006/1/26 2006/1/27 2006/1/28 2006/1/29 2006/1/30 2006/1/31

RainDi

IFAS results at Mayapyap station IFAS results at Gamu station16

Dates of Rice Planting and Harvesting Planting: when total rain reached to 500mm

500mmMekong River Basin

Kamponchum District

CR0 : planting90 days

Rice production depends on

vel (

m)

90 days

Land Elevation 稲作不適地域：平年（平均洪Flood-fed rice

FMMP, MRCp

when floods come

Wat

er L

ev

Water level of the Mekong

水）でも被害（50cm以上浸水）を受けるところ

Rain-fed rice

Flood fed rice

0 30kmHarvesting: 90 days after planting

ResultsFlood Vulnerability Assessment in Lower Mekong River Basin

Relative Difference between Extreme 2000 - Normal 2006 floodsAverage year Extreme 2000 - Normal 2006 floods

Agricultural damages

e age yea

FVI‐AvFl FVI‐ExFlFVI AvFl

FVIs for Agricultural Damages: Kandal Province

居安思危 Be aware of risk while we are safe

思則有備思則有備 Awareness leads us preparedness

有備無患 Preparedness leaves us no regretp g「春秋」左氏伝Source： Zuo Qiuming “Zuoshi Commentary” in Confucius ed. ”Spring and Autumn”, 480BC

Let us ally for water-related DRRrelated DRR

UNSGAB/HLEPwww.icharm.pwri.go.jp

UNSGAB/HLEP

ICHARM preparedness for floodsFuture Earth