Integrated AC/DC Transmission Systems: Experiences, Benefits … · 2013-07-12 · 9 02-2013 E T TS...

1 02-2013 Power Transmission SolutionsE T TS 2/Re

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Copyright © Siemens AG 2013


Integrated AC/DC Transmission Systems:Experiences, Benefits and Prospects for aHybrid Grid

*[email protected]

G. EbnerJ. Dorn M. Pohl

D. Retzmann* K. Uecker


Gon Power Markets

2 Power Transmission SolutionsE T TS 2/Re

lobal Trends

02-2013


G GG

G

G

G

Today:Tomorrow:

Regenerative Energy Sources and Dispersed Generation – Impact on the whole T&D Grid Structure

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G

3333

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From Energy Chain …to Power Matrix

Use of Dispersed Generation

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H

H

H

Load Flow will be “fuzzy”

G

G


Power Transmission Solutions: From Energy Chain to Power Matrix – the Smart Grid with Energy Mix …


… plus HVDC and FACTS

5 02-2013 Power Transmission SolutionsE T TS 2/Re5 Power Transmission SolutionsE T TS 2/Re02-2013

CO2 Reduction – Green Energy„Energie Wende“ – Security of Supply

ocus on


From Energy Mix – toEnergy Change

Nuclear will beshut-down:

“Energie Wende” in Germany: Transformation of the Energy System

6

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Power Transmission Solutions

02-2013

Nuclear

Hard Coal

Lignite

Natural Gas

Oil

Source: Spiegel Online Febr. 2013

Example NPP Isar 2 (Ohu): 1,485 MW

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Germany – TSO Grid Development Plan New DC Links: up to 3,800 Kilometers* (Overview)

New Links:DCACUnder Construction or on Approval (AC)

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Source: WDR, dpa 31.05.2012

* Scenario for B 2022 – 1 of 4 Scenarios

BNA Conclusions 25.11.2012One HVDC cancelled !


AC/DC SystemsIntegrated

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1,450 km

800 km 2,500 MW

2003 2,000 MW2,500 MW2007

960 km

Further Examples of integrated HVDCs

India – Three “Classic” HVDCs at 500 kV of whichAdani and Ballia-Bhiwadi are fully integrated into the AC Grid

PTS Power Transmission Solutions

• Cahora Bassa, Mozambique-South Africa, 1977-79, 1920 MW, 533 kV, 1414 km

• Gezhouba-Shanghai, China, 1989, 1200 MW, 500 kV, 1040 km

• Tianshengqiao-Guangzhou, China, 2000, 1800 MW, 500 kV, 960 km

• Guiguang I, China, 2004, 3000 MW, 500 kV, 940 km

• Guiguang II, China, 2007-2008, 3000 MW, 500 kV, 1225 km

• Neptune, New York, 2007, 660 MW, 500 kV, 105 km Cable

• Yunnan-Guangdong, China, 2009-2010, 5000 MW, 800 kV, 1418 km

• Trans Bay Cable, HVDC PLUS, San Francisco, 2010, 400 MW, 200 kV, 88 km Cable

• Xiangjiaba-Shanghai, China, 2010, 6400 MW, 800 kV, 2071 km

• Ningdong-Shandong, China, 2010-2011, 4000 MW, 660 kV, 1418 km

• Jinping-Sunan, China, 2012, 7200 MW, 800 kV, 2059 km

• INELFE, HVDC PLUS, France-Spain TENInterconnection, 2014, 2 x 1000 MW, 320 kV, 65 km Cable

Ballia-Bhiwadi – Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd

East-South Interconnector –the DC Energy BridgeEast-South Interconnector –the DC Energy Bridge

20102012

2,500 MW

Adani HVDC – a private Investor goes ahead

• Hami-Zhengzhou, China, 2013, 8000 MW, 800 kV, 2.200 km

• Western HVDC Link, UK, 2015, 2200 MW, 600 kV, 420 km Cable

• Western Alberta Transmission Link, Canada, 2014, 1000 MW, 500 kV, 400 km

• East DC Link Project, Canada, 2014, 1000 MW, 500 kV, 500 km

• Hudson Transmission Project,Ridgefield (New Jersey), USA, B2B Station 660 MW, 2013

• Xiluodo-Guangdong, China, 2013, 2 x 3200 MW, 2 x 500 kV, 1268 km

• Nuozhadu-Guangdong, China, 2013, 5000 MW, 800 kV, 1451 km


over 40 HVDCs …China: with more than 270 GW *Transmission Capacity are expected between 2010 and 2020

10 Power Transmission Solutions

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1. Yunnan – Guangdong 800 kV, 5000 MW, 2009/10

2. Xiangjiaba – Shanghai 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2010

3. Debao500 kV, 3000 MW, 2010

4. Ningdong – Shangdong660 kV, 4000 MW, 2010

5. Qinghai – Tibet 400 kV, 600 MW, 2011

6. Mongolia – Tianjin 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2018

7. Russia – Liaoning 660 kV, 4000 MW, 2014

8. Nuozhadu – Guangdong 800 kV, 5000 MW, 2013

9. Jingping – Sunan800 kV, 7200 MW, 2012

10. Xiluodu – Guangdong 500 kV, 2 x 3200 MW, 2013

11. Humeng – Tangshan 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2015

12. Ningdong – Zhejiang 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2016

13. Xiluodu – Zhejiang 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2014

14. Sichuan – Jiangxi 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2017

15. Xiluodu – Jiangxi 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2018

16. Humeng – Shandong 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2016

17. Hami – Henan 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2013

18. Mengxi – Jiangxi 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2016

19. Mongolia – Shandong 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2016

20. Mengxi – Jiangsu 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2017

21. Jiuquan – Hunan 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2017

22. Zhundong – Congqing800 kV, 8000 MW, 2016

23. Baoqing – Liaoning 660 kV, 4000 MW, 2017

24. Hami – Shandong 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2017

25. Tibet – Chongqing 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2017

26. Jinghong – Thailand 500 kV, 3000 MW, 2018

27. Ximeng – Nanjing 800 kV, 8000 MW, 2018

28. Baihetan – Hubei 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2018

29. Wudongde – Fujian 1100 kV, 11000 MW, 2018

30. Northwest – North B2B, 1500 MW, 2018

31. Mongolia – Jing-Jin-Tang 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2019

32. Russia – Liaoning 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2019

33. Zhundong – Chengdu 1100 kV, 11000 MW, 2015

34. Tibet – Zhejiang 1100 kV, 9000 MW, 2019

35. Baihetan – Hunan 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2020

36. Yili – Sichuan 1100 kV, 9000 MW, 2020

37. Kazakhstan – Chengdu 1100 kV, 9000 MW, 2020

38. Northeast – NorthBtB II, 1500 MW, 2013

02-2013

39. Hong Kong HVDC500 kV, 3600 MW, 2018

40. Jinzhong – Guangxi 500 kV, 3200 MW, 2017

41. Yunnan – Guangdong IV800 kV, 8000 MW, 2017

* as of 2012

Zheijang

Qinghai

Xizang

Inrfar Mongolia

Jilin

Liaoning

Yunnan

Hainan

Fujian

Taiwan

Bangkok

3

5

116

23

7

20

26

9

12

13

17

1822

16

21

19

2427

28

37

35

31

29

33

36

14

10

34

30

32

8

Ningxia Shanxi

Hebei

Beijing

JiangsuAnhuj

Sichuan &Chongqing

Gansu

Xinjiang

Heilongjiang

Shandong

Jiangxi

Hubai

Hunan

Shaanxi

Henan

2

1

Shanghai

Tianjin

3

4

40

41

39Guangdong

38

25

Guizhou 15

2 x B2B1 x 400 kV5 x 500 kV3 x 660 kV

25 x 800 kV5 x 1100 kV


HVDC and FACTS

TransmissionSolutions with



HVDC “Classic” / ”Bulk” versus HVDC PLUS

~= =

~

AC Grid 1

Semiconducting Switches with Turn-

On and Turn-Off Capability, e.g. IGBTs

Thyristors with Turn-on Capability

only

Self-Commutated Voltage-Sourced

Converter (SCC / VSC)

Line-Commutated Current-Sourced

Converter (LCC / CSC)

HVDC PLUSHVDC “Classic”

AC Grid 2

G ~G ~G ~G ~ DC

Thyristors 8 kV – IDC up to 5 kA

Up to 8,000 MW @ 800 kV DC OHL

Up to 11,000 MW @ 1,100 kV DC OHL

MI Cable up to 600 kV


Transistors (IGBT) up to 4.5 kV – IDC ≤ 1.56 kA

Up to 1,000 MW @ 320 kV XLPE Cable

XLPE Cable up to +/- 320 kV DC

PTS

Trans Bay Cable, USA: 400 MW 4 x TenneT Offshore: 576 – 864 MW INELFE, RTE & REE: 2 x 1,000 MW


HVDC and SVC PLUS for Inter-Island Connector Pole 3, Transpower New Zealand Ltd.

HVDC and STATCOMin parallel Operation

LTT 8 kVSemiconductors

220 kV AC, 2x 50 Hz

± 350 kV DCVoltage Levels

Cable (40 km) and Overhead Line, in total 649 kmType of Plant

700 MW HVDC “Classic” Bipolar Power Rating

SVC PLUS at Haywards; HVDC atStations Benmore and HaywardsLocation

Inter-Island Connector Pole 3Project Name

Transpower New Zealand Ltd.Customer

13 02-2013 E T TS 2/Re PTS

2014

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2010

Elimination of Transmission Bottlenecks

~=

=~

==

~ == ~ ==

Transmission Constraints before TBC

Transmission Constraints after TBC

No Increase inShort-Circuit Power

Power Exchangeby Sea Cable

No Increase inShort-Circuit PowerNo Increase inShort-Circuit Power

Power Exchangeby Sea CablePower Exchangeby Sea Cable

HVDC PLUS: Trans Bay Cable Project, USASecurity of Supply for San Francisco Area


DC Submarine Cable Link Neptune RTS, USA

15 02-201315 02-2013 Power Transmission SolutionsE T TS 2/Re

World’s 1st

HVDC with500 kV DC Cable


… and a new HVDC B2B close to New York

Hudson Transmission ProjectRidgefield (New Jersey), USA


Sharing ofReserve Capacity

Power Exchange &

Increase in StabilityCustomer:Hudson Transmission Partners LLC.

.System Data:Rating 660 MWVoltage 170 kV DCThyristor 8 kV LTT

2013


Europe: New DC Submarine Cable Link in UK


Deeside

HVDC and STATCOMin parallel OperationHVDC and STATCOMin parallel Operation

World’s 1st

HVDC with600 kV DC Cable

Customer:National Grid / Scottish Power

System Data:Rating 2,200 MWVoltage ± 600 kV DCThyristor 8 kV LTT 2015

SVC PLUS C: 2 x 125 MVAr Dynamic Voltage Stabilization Reactive Power Control

6 hrs Overload 2,400 MW (Cable)

Western HVDC Link, UK


Bypassing overloadedOnshore Overhead Lines

Power Exchange

Increase in Stability


Benefits of HVDC – in Eastern and Western-Europe …

Customer:Energotrans Ltd.

System Data:Rating 2 x 350 MWVoltage 96 kV DCThyristor 8 kV LTT

Black Sea B2B 2013

INELFE


Customer:RTE and REE

Sharing ofReserve Capacity

Power Exchange &

2014World’s 1st VSC HVDCwith 2 x 1,000 MW –each @ VDC = +/- 320 kVCable: XLPE, 65 km

Increase in Stability

19 02-2013 Power Transmission SolutionsE T TS 2/Re Power Transmission SolutionsE T TS 2/Re

Black Sea B2B – An Arial View

Example of HVDC “Classic”


Synchronous Condensers: On-Site, at Black Sea B2B, Georgia

PTS20 02-2013 E T TS 2/Re

Customer: Energotrans Ltd.

Siemens Scope: Turnkey (HVDC + SCO’s)

Number of SCO’s: 3

SynCon Terminal Voltage: 11 kV

Power - SCO over / under excited: 60 / 39 MVAr (@ PF=0)

Short-Circuit Power (Sk’’): 300 MVA

Impedance SCO, unsaturated (Xd’’): 0.12 pu

Step-up Transformer: 60 MVA, 400 / 11 / 10 kV, OLTC

21 02-2013 Power Transmission SolutionsE T TS 2/Re21 02-2013 Power Transmission SolutionsE T TS 2/Re

Synchronous Condensers: On-Site, at Black Sea B2B, Georgia contd.


HVDC PLUSINELFE: 2 x 1000 MW – Santa Llogaia, España



IGBTs Transformers

AC PartControl Bldg. & AuxiliarySystems

CoolingSystems Converter Reactors &

Cable Sealing Ends


HVDC PLUSINELFE – Converter Station Layout


Converter and Cable Tunnel

HVDC PLUSINELFE - 2 x 1000 MW – Baixas, France


Clean & Low Cost Energyover long Distance – suitable

for Peak Load Demand

Improvement in PowerQuality

Energy Mix in Australia: Hydro PlantsWind Farms Thermal Plants and HVDC

2006

Basslink HVDC – from Bottlenecks to a “Smart” and flexible Grid

500 MW


DC Lines – Basslink 400 kV monopolar

Power Transmission Solutions26 10-2011 E T TS 2/Re

From “Small” to “Large” Line


Neutral Line

HV Line


Basslink HVDC – the Transition Station


HVDC “Classic” 500 kV DC On-Site: DC-Line Fault


HVDC “Classic” 400 kV DC: On-Site DC-Line Fault *


Rect.

Id /pu

max

Vd /pu

min.nom.

00

1

-1

1600

0

1

0

10

Field Measurements – HVDC with Digital Controls

Ramped Recovery Times

De-Ionization Times

** depending on environmental Conditions

Duration** of Successful Recovery after 3rd Attempt

167 ms 196 ms 244 ms

33 ms 74 ms 78 ms 104 ms

904 ms

Id Ref /pu

* 500/600 MW Basslink HVDC, 303 km Cable (3 sections), 66 km OHL (2 sections)

System Conditions/Test Case:• Pollution very Heavy – Long Recovery Times• Strong System – no Impact on AC Frequency


Comparison of 300 kV DC On-Site DC-Line FaultTNB-EGAT HVDC with Full Bridge Simulation, same case

30 02-2013

Power Transmission Solutions

E T TS 2/Re

0

Ud /pu

000

Ud /pu

Id /puId /pu

0

0

0

0

PNetz /pu

UNetz /pu

INetz /pu

QNetz /pu

UConv /pu0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

PNetz /pu

UNetz /pu

INetz /pu

QNetz /pu

UConv /pu

Ud /kV

Id /A

Pd /MW

Q /MVAr

162 msDuration of Successful Recovery with one Attempt

Field Measurements

Reactive Power Injection available during Fault !


Success Factors for DC-Line Fault Recovery with VSC – Lessons learned from HVDC “Classic”

Conclusions for a fast and safe Fault Recovery Solution:1. Transient DC Voltage Polarity Reversal for fast DC Current Reduction, safe

Extinction and safe De-Ionization of the Arc2. Ramped Recovery with fully controllable DC Voltage allows up to 3 Restart

Attempts and it enables variable Timing & Restart at reduced DC Line Voltage

3. Power Transfer can already begin during Restart Ramping

4. DC Restart is faster than AC Auto-Reclosure *

2

31 Power Transmission Solutions

Ramped RecoveryTimes: 60-80 ms

Vd /pu

1

t

1

2

4

* at same Pollution Conditions

3

3

PP

2 It is the Siemens HVDC PLUS Full BridgeSolution

1 1

02-2013 E T TS 2/Re


SVC PLUS®

… same Power Modules

in commercial Application / under Project Execution

Sitras® SFC plus

48 x

26 x

Status: 02-2013

Success Factors for DC-Line Fault Recovery with VSC – using MMC PLUS Full Bridge proven Technology

Since 2009 … 74 Full Bridge Converters

and …14 Half Bridge Converters 88 Modular MultilevelConverters with Siemens PLUSTechnology


The MMC PLUS Full Bridge Solution: Fully proven in Practice

• SVC PLUS, Transmission & Industry • SFC PLUS – Traction Supplies

DC Current of 2 kA is feasible !

. . .

2

1

n

. . .

2

1

n

. . .

2

1

n

. . .

2

1

n

. . .

2

1

n

. . .

2

1

n

3~ AC

50/60 Hz Transformer

Outgoing Reactor

Branch Reactors

Power Module

Success Factors for DC-Line Fault Recovery with VSC – Lessons learned from HVDC “Classic” contd.

AC or DC

D11 D21

IGBT21

IGBT22

PM Electronics

IGBT11

IGBT12

D12 D22

Full Bridge Power ModuleHalf Bridge Power ModuleFor Comparison: Our Solution:

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Prospects of HVDC and FACTSe-Highway 2050 –

Conclusions

35 02-2013 Power Transmission SolutionsE T TS 2/Re Power Transmission SolutionsE T TS 2/Re

Connecting:Wind Power Hydro Plants Solar Fields

02-201335

The Vision: DC Energy Highway –why not in Europe too ?

35

FOSG*

Desertec

Medgrid

* Friends of the Supergrid

36 02-2013 Power Transmission SolutionsE T TS 2/Re36 E T TS 2/Re Power Transmission Solutions02-2013

Lessons learned:

… and the Lights will keep shining !

Sustainability and Security of Power Supply

Integrated AC/DC Transmission Systems: Experiences, Benefits … · 2013-07-12 · 9 02-2013 E T TS...

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Transcript of Integrated AC/DC Transmission Systems: Experiences, Benefits … · 2013-07-12 · 9 02-2013 E T TS...