Ins and Outs of Food Labeling

7/30/2019 Ins and Outs of Food Labeling

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The Ins and Outs of FoodLabeling (Part One)

This module is adapted from:

the FDA Food Labeling Guide,www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/flg-toc.html

Module designed by Tera Sandvik,LRD, Program Coordinator; JulieGarden-Robinson, PhD, LRD, Foodand Nutrition Specialist; and Tami

Totland, RD, Program Assistant

2007


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The following tips will help you navigate

through each module.

Click the left mouse button or the downarrow to continue on to the next bullet orslide.

Before you begin, youll take a presurvey. The presurvey will open in a new window.

When you are finished with the presurveyclose the window to return to the module.

A symbolizes a question slide. Youllneed to click your mouse once to see theanswer.


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A means youll need to go to the sitelisted to answer the question.

After visiting the site, close the Internet

browser to return to the module. Click your mouse once to see the answer.

When you are finished with the module,you will take a post-survey.

The post-survey will open in a new window.

When you are finished with the post-survey,close the window to return to the module.


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Overview

This module provides basicinformation about foodlabeling. When you have

completed this module, youshould have a generalknowledge of the basic rulesand regulations associatedwith food labeling.


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Presurvey

Before we begin, lets take a presurvey tosee how much you already know.

Click here to begin.
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History of Food Labels

In November 1990, the Nutrition Labelingand Education Act (NLEA) became federallaw.

NLEA: Requires most foods to bear nutrition labeling

Assists the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) in assuring all foods sold in the U.S. are

safe, wholesome and correctly labeled Regulates the labeling of nutrient content and

health claims


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History Cont.

In 1993, the FDA and Food Safety andInspection Service (FSIS) publisheddetailed regulations defining how to

comply with NLEA labeling requirements. NOTE:

Changes and amendments are being made tothese regulations continuously.

The food industry is responsible for remainingcurrent with the legal requirements for foodlabeling.


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History Cont.

The Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)contains all final regulations issued by theFDA and USDA by numbered Titles.

Title 9 contains USDA regulations on animalsand animal products.

Title 21 covers FDA regulations on food anddrugs.

The CFR can be accessed via the Internetat:http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_09/21cfr101_09.html
http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_09/21cfr101_09.htmlhttp://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_09/21cfr101_09.htmlhttp://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_09/21cfr101_09.htmlhttp://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_09/21cfr101_09.html


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The function(s) of NLEA include:

A. Requiring most foods to bear nutrition labels.

B. Assisting the FDA in assuring foods are safe,wholesome and correctly labeled prior toconsumption.

C. Regulating nutrient content and health claims onfood products.

D. All of the above

If you chose D, you were correct.NLEA provides all of the services

listed above.

Click to see the answer.


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Where can the latest FDA and USDA

regulations be found?

A. The Department of Education

B. The Department of CommerceC. The Code of Federal Regulations

D. None of the above

If you chose C, you were correct.



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Does your businessqualify for anexemption?


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Exemptions

Certain small businesses and businessesmeeting other specific criteria are excusedfrom nutrition labeling.

These exemptions apply only if nonutrition claim or information is on the

product packaging or in advertising.


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Foods Under FDA Regulations

The FDA handles all domestic andimported food sold in interstatecommerce, including shell eggs, but

excluding meat and poultry. The FDA also oversees bottled water and

wine beverages with less than 7 percentalcohol.


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FDA Small-business Exemptions

If you qualify for the FDA small-businessexemption and plan to utilize the small-business exemption, your business must

file an annual notice with the FDA.

If your product or business surpasses thefollowing criteria, the exemption will

expire within 18 months from that date.


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If you answer yes to one of the following you

qualify for the FDA small-business exemption.

In my most recent two-year average, myannual gross sales to consumers equalsless than $500,000 or my annual gross

sales of only food to consumers equalsless than $50,000.


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My business employs fewer than 100employees (based on the average FTEs)and hasproduct* sales of less than

100,000 units** for each product.

* A product is defined as a food with thesame brand name and statement of identity.

** A unit is defined as the package or formin which the product is offered for sale.

FDA Small-business Exemption Cont.


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Other FDA Exemptions

If you answer TRUE to any of the followingstatements for your business, you may beexcused from nutrition labeling.

I manufacture a food product that contains

insignificant amounts of all mandatory nutrients(e.g. plain coffee or tea, some spices).

My business manufactures restaurant and foodservice foods sold for immediate consumption.

The food my business produces is ready to eat,prepared largely on-site and is not sold outside ofthat location (e.g. deli or bakery foods).

My business manufactures foods that will be furtherprocessed, packed or labeled at another location.

Julies

Coffee


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FDA Exemptions Cont.

My food product is packaged with less than 12spare inches of labeling area and no nutritionclaim is made on the product. On thepackaging, I have provided an address or

telephone number where consumers can obtainnutrition information.

My business manufactures properly labeledmultiunit containers, which consist of unlabeledindividual units. The individual units indicatethey are not labeled for retail sale.

My business sells foods from bulk containers.

The bulk containers are properly labeled.


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FDA Exemptions Cont.

My business manufactures or sells single-ingredient fish or game meats.

I produce infant foods, formula or medical

foods (subject to separate regulations). The food(s) my business sells are among

the 20 most commonly consumed rawfruits, vegetables and fish (subject tovoluntary regulations).


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USDA Regulations

The USDA oversees all domestic andimported meat and poultry and relatedproducts (e.g. meat or poultry-containing

stews, pizzas and frozen foods). Alsounder USDA control are processed eggproducts.

If you answer yes to the following

statements, you are excused from labelingrequirements.


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USDA Exemptions

The food(s) my business produces areraw, single-ingredient meat and poultryproducts (e.g. ground beef, chicken

breasts), which are subject to voluntaryregulations.

My business employs fewer than 500employees and has sales of less than

100,000 pounds annually, based on themost recent two-year average.


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USDA Exemptions Cont.

My food product is packaged with less than 12spare inches of labeling area and no nutritionclaim is made on the product. On the packaging, I have provided an address or

telephone number where consumers can obtainnutrition information.

My business prepares, serves or sells foodproducts that are: ready to eat and are packaged or portioned at

retail

multiingredient products processed at a retail store

restaurant or food service foods


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USDA Exemptions Cont.

My business produces a product thatweighs less than ounce net weightwhen packaged.

My business manufactures a food productthat is not for sale to consumers sincefurther processing or export is intended.


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If you voluntarily provide a nutrition

label or health claim, the exemptions

listed above no longer will apply andyou will need to meet all labeling

requirements.
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A business qualifies for a small-business

nutrition labeling exemption from FDA when:

A. Annual gross sales to consumers is lessthan $750,000

B. The business employs fewer than 100

workersC. Product sales equal less than 100,000 unitsper product

D.B and C

If you chose D, you are correct.



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What must be provided on the label of a food product

with less than 12 square inches of labeling area?

A.Address

B. Fax number

C.Web site address

D.No information is requiredE. All are required

If you chose A, you were correct.



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True or False: A business that meets thecriteria for an FDA or USDA

exemption, but voluntarily decides to

print a nutrition claim of the product,

still is eligible to claim the exemption.

The correct answer is False.



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Principle Display Panel (PDP)

The PDP is the surface area you are able tosee while walking down the grocery storeaisle.

The height times the width of the PDP

determines the type size requirement of thefood label.

On cylindrical containers, the surface area ofthe PDP can be calculated by multiplying 40

percent of the height by the circumference. The PDP must include two pieces of

information:

Statement of identity, or name of food

Net quantity statement, or amount of product


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PDP Display


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How can consumers identify the PDP

surface of a food package?

A. The PDP surface is adjacent to the front of thepackage.

B. The PDP surface is the portion of the packagemost likely to be seen at the point of purchase.

C. The PDP surface may be located at the bottomor top of a food package.

D. None of the above.

If you chose B, you were correct.



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What two pieces of information must

the PDP include?

A. Product identity and Nutrition Facts

B. Net weight and ingredient statement

C. Nutrition Facts and place of businessD. Product identity and net weight

If you chose D. you were correct.



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Statement of Identity

The statement of identity is the commonor usual name of the product contained inthe package (e.g. soup or cereal).

If no common name is given, then adescriptive name may be used in place(e.g. vanilla wafers).

The product identity is required in themiddle portion of the PDPs front label.

It should be dominant and stand out from allother print and pictures on the package.


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Statement of Identity Example


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What would the statement of identity be on a

can of Superstars chicken noodle soup?

A. Soup

B. Superstars

C. Chicken noodle

D. Both A and B




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Net Quantity Statement

This statement provides the amount offood in the container or package. Located in the lower 30 percent of the PDP

Often at the lower right corner of the frontlabel

Only the quantity of food in the package isstated in the net quantity statement The weight of the container, wrapping and packing

material may not be included.

The net weight or volume must be listed inboth the U.S. scale and metric scale.


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Scales

U.S. Scale Ounces Pounds Fluid ounces

Metric Scale Grams Kilograms Milliliters

Liters For example, NET WT 6 oz. (170g)

would be an appropriate net quantitystatement. The required type size will varyby the products surface area, with a

minimum height of 1/16 inch required.


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Net Quantity Statement Example


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Which of these is a correct version of a net

quantity statement?

A. NET WT 1 lb 8 oz (680g)

B. 500 ml (1 pt 0.9 fl oz)

C. NET WT 2 Large oz (5g)

D. 1 gallon (3.79L)




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Information Panel

The information panel is the surface areanormally to the right of the PDP.

This would be the label on the right side ofthe box.

The information label on a jar would bedirectly to the right of the PDP.

On the information panel, we find:

Nutrition Facts Ingredient statement

Place of business


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Information Panel


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Post-survey

Lets see what youve learned.

Click here to begin the post-survey.
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Ins and Outs of Food Labeling

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