Innovative component technology to support the …Innovative component technology to support the...
Transcript of Innovative component technology to support the …Innovative component technology to support the...
Innovative component technology to
support the mission of Advanced
Land Observing Satellite-2
Oct. 24th. 2014
Hideki SARUWATARI
ALOS-2 Project Team, JAXA
The 27th Microelectronics Workshop(MEWS27)
Today’s contents
1. Outline of ALOS-2 Mission and System
2. Innovative component technology to
support ALOS-2
3. System Initial Checkout Status
4. Summary
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1. Outline of ALOS-2 Mission and System
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About ALOS
高性能可視近赤外放射計2型(AVNIR-2)
パンクロマチック立体視センサ(PRISM)
フェーズドアレイ方式
Lバンド合成開口レーダ(PALSAR
)
データ中継衛星通信部(DRC)恒星センサ(STT)
GPSアンテナ・Observable range:870km
・revisit cycle :5 days
・Disaster monitoring
・Crustal movement
・Resource survey
PALSAR
・ Observable range :70km
・High resolution: 2.5m
•highly accurate digital
surface model(DSM)
・Cartography
PRISM
・ Observable range :1,520 km
・ revisit cycle :3 days
・Regional Observation
AVNIR-2
Solar Paddle
AVNIR-2PRISM
PALSAR
Data Relay and CommunicationStar Tracker
GPS antenna
ALOS Characteristics Launch Date : Jan. 24, 2006
Spacecraft Mass : Approx. 4 tons
Generated Power : Approx. 7 kW (at End of Life)
Design Life : 3 - 5 years
Orbit : Sun-Synchronous Sub-Recurrent
Altitude : 691.65km
Inclination : 98.16゚Period : 98.7minutes
Repeat Cycle : 46days(Sub Cycle 2days)Local time at descending node :
10:30am±15minutes
ALOS-2
PALSAR-2
ALOS-2 Mission• Disaster Monitoring (Secure the public safety)
– Fast access to damaged areas and continuous monitoring
– In-SAR data necessary for deformation forecast/monitoring
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• Land Monitoring (Preserve and manage national land)
– based upon archived data
• Agricultural Monitoring (Facilitate food supply)
– necessary for evaluation of irrigated rice
• Natural Resource Exploration (Facilitate natural resources and energy supply)
– necessary for detecting oil and mineral resources in the ground
and seabed
• Global Forest Monitoring (Resolve global-level environmental issues)
– global monitoring of tropical rain forests to identify carbon
sinks
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Improvement from ALOS
ALOS ALOS-2
Recurrent cycle 46 days 14 days
Observable
range870km
(Right looking)
2320km (Left & Right looking)
Spatial
Resolution10m (Stripmap)
1-3m (Spotlight),
3m/6m/10m(Stripmap)
Downlink138Mbps (X-band)
& Data Relay Satellite
800Mbps (X-band)
& Data Relay Satellite
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L-band SAR antenna X-band downlink antenna
Solar Arrays
Data relay antenna
ALOS-2ALOS-2 in-orbit configuration
XY
Z
Specification
L-band SAR
(PALSAR-2)
Stripmap:
3 to 10m res., 50 to 70km swath
ScanSAR:
100m res., 350km/490km swath
Spotlight:
1×3m res., 25km swath
Orbit
Sun-synchronous orbit
Altitude: 628km
Local sun time : 12:00 +/- 15min
Revisit: 14days
Life time 5 years (target: 7 years)
Mass 2,082kg (incl. fuel)
Power
Generated Power : 5140W(EOL)
Battery Capacity : 200Ah(100Ah x 2)
Battery Type : Li-ion
Observation
Duty50%(approx. 48min)
Downlink
X-band: 800Mbps(16QAM)
400/200Mbps(QPSK)
Ka-band: 278Mbps (QPSK)
Mission Data
Storage
Capacity : 128GByte(EOL)
(G = 2^30)
2. Innovative component technology
to support ALOS-2
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Key technologies
“Development Status of JAXA Point-Of-Load DC/DC converter”, 22nd MEWS, 2009
“Current status of MPU development for space”, 22nd MEWS, 2009
Key technologies:
•GaN HEMT
•CGA mounging technology
•High Speed SerDes (Gigabits class)
Important component technolgies:
•HR5000S
•POL (Point-Of-Load)
PALSAR-2 needs huge
performance improvement
• PALSAR-2 antenna has 1080 radiating elements
fed by 180 Transmit/Receive Modules (TRMs).
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GaN HEMT for TRMs
• The TRM has high efficiency and high power
performance by using Gallium Nitride (GaN) High
Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT).
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GaN
H pol
V pol
ALOS-2 PALSAR
HPA GaN HEMT Si BJT
Tx power 34W 25W
Units 180 80
Efficiency 35% 25%
Noise Figure 2.9dB 2.9dB
TRM
size[mm]
200×110×14.6 203×117×23.5
TRM weight 400g 675g
“The overview of the L-band SAR onboard ALOS-2”, 27th ISTS, 2009
“High Power L-band T/R Module utilizing GaN HEMT”, 24th MEWS, 2011
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800 Mbps
max
PALSAR-2
ELU
Other
components
X-band Multi-
mode High-
speed
Modulator
(XMOD)
KMOD
Data
recorder
(MDP)
800/400/200
Mbps
277 Mbps
PALSAR-2
antenna
X-band
downlink
antenna
transponder
Data rely
antenna
transponder
High performance mission data
handling system is necessary
Serializer /
Deserializer
MOD FPGA
(CGA package)
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MOD FPGA for high speed data transmission
<Bottom View of the CGA package>
33mm
33m
m
“Development of an X-band Multi-mode High speed Modulato”, ISTS 2011
• High speed SRAM-type FPGA was adopted for
base band modulation (MOD FPGA).
• MOD FPGA is CGA (Column Grid Array) package
type which JAXA first adopted.
– Low CTE PWB (Copper Invar Copper) was adopted
– Mounting , inspection process was established
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High speed Serializer/Deserializer (SerDes)
MDP XMOD
K-code 8ch
Data
Max 8 Para
(800Mbps)
Data
Max 8 Para
(800Mbps)
CLK
100MHz
DeserializerSerializer
CLK 100MHz
<Interface between MDHS and XMOD>
“Development of an X-band Multi-mode High speed Modulato”, ISTS 2011
• High speed SerDes was adopted for interface
between MDP and XMOD.
• JAXA adopted SerDes device for the first time.
– radiation sensitivity was evaluated
– transmission performance was tested
3. Summary of Initial Operation Results
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ALOS-2 was successfully launched by
the H-IIA Launch Vehicle No.24 on
Saturday May 24th, 2014 (Japan
Standard Time, JST) from the
Tanegashima Space Center.
Launch Operation of ALOS-2
Satellite
/ PAF Installation
Satellite
/Fairing Installation
Fairing
/Rocket connection Launch
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27th May, 2014,the early orbit phase so-called “critical phase” of
ALOS-2 had completed.
Critical Phase Operation
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Mission Structure
PALSAR-2 No.3 antenna
The stowed antenna panels
were released from mission
structure by pyrotechnics
firing.
the eyesight of deployment camera
PALSAR-2 Antenna Deployment
-Package deployment-
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No.3 antenna
Mission Structure
No.4 antenna
No.5 antenna
No.2 antenna
No.1 antenna
PALSAR-2 Antenna Deployment
-Wing deployment-
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No.1 No.2 No.3 No.4 No.5
Initial checkout of ALOS-2 was completed.PALSAR-2 performanceGPS Receiver, Reaction Wheel, Star TrackerSAP power generation, Bus power controlX-band antenna and Data relay antenna pointingData downlink by X-band
QPSK(200Mbps/400Mbps), 16QAM(800Mbps)Data Relay communication via DRTS by Ka-band
QPSK(278Mbps)
Initial Checkout of ALOS-2
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4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
△ △ △Launch
PALSAR-2 Check out
Calibraton
PALSAR-2First image
Bus Check out
Product publication
2014
Now!
The first image of ALOS-2
(June 20th, 2014)
Mt.Fuji: Ultra-Fine mode (res.3m, Off nadir 40.6 deg)
: Red HH, Green HV, Blue HH/HV 21
Urayasu image by: JERS-1 / PALSAR / PALSAR-2
JERS-1
Resolution :18 m PALSAR
Resolution :10 m
PALSAR-2
Resolution :3 m
Remarkable improvement on PALSAR-2
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Jumeirah Village Circle, Dubai (1/2)
Remarkable improvement on PALSAR-2
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Remarkable improvement on PALSAR-2
Jumeirah Village Circle, Dubai (2/2)
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Disaster monitoring application
ALOS-2 emergency observation images of Mt.Ontake
2014/09/28 12:45(JST) 2014/08/18 23:58(JST)
After eruption Before eruption
A basin was observed
after eruption
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PALSAR-2’s high duty observation capability, which is realized by the GaN HEMT, was confirmed during initial checkout.
High duty observation
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Satellite Freqency Band
Continuous
Observation
Time
ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 L48 minutes
(50% duty)
TerraSAR-X X 3 minutes
CosmoSkyMed X 10 minutes
RADARSAT2 C 15 minutes
High rate mission data downlink capability was confirmed during initial checkout.Measured constellations of XMOD’s three mode
shows mission data can be transferred to ground stations without any problem.
Data rate of 800Mbps for X-band is the world’s highest level in the single carrier modulation system.
High rate mission data downlink
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Constellation for X-band transmission
800Mbps(16QAM) 400Mbps(QPSK) 200Mbps(QPSK)
4. Summary
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ALOS-2 succeeds to ALOS’s mission with
enhanced capabilities.
ALOS-2 was successfuly launched on 24th,
May 2014 and the initial checkout was
completed. The checkout results shows
ALOS-2’s remarkable performances.
The initial Cal./Val. phase is on-going.
PALSAR-2 products will be released at the end
of November.
ALOS-2’s remarkable performances are
supported by innovative component
technologies.
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Summary
人間に、健康診断があるように。地球には、だいち2号がある。
感覚だけでは決してわからない、小さな数値の異常を健康診断が教えてくれるように。宇宙から地球を精密検査して、地上にいてはわからない、大地や海の変化を送り続ける。それが、だいち2号のミッションです。
私たちの足下で、大地は今日も動き、変化しています。地震、火山噴火、土砂崩れ。災害だけではなく人の手による自然破壊も原因。地球の健康を維持するために、宇宙から精密に診断する。それは未来の、私たちの子孫のためにも、必要なことなのです。
大地にも精密検査が必要だ
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The Earth needs a health check