Ingegneria Senza Frontiere - Trento - Italy

Technology for human development:

sustainable management of geothermal resources

in South Peru

Feasibility study

Working Group of ISF: A. Tomasi, S. Nicolodi, G. Bertoldi, R. Wolf, A. Cemin, G. Guglieri, M. Grigiante, M. Ragazzi.

Preliminary questions

- Which development model have we in our mind ?

- Which development model have our project partners?

- How to negotiate between those different ideas?

A participative idea of cooperation !

Geographical Context

• Chivay - Department of Arequipa - South Perù.

• Poor mountain region between 3300 and 3800 m elevation.

• Cold climate, especially at night.

• Recent development of tourisms (but not everywhere).

• Canyon del Colca and hot springs.

• Public baths La Calera (used by tourist and local population).

Department of de Arequipa

Chivay

Resource available: renewable geothermal energy

Excess heat is loss in the environment

Two main hot springs used

(T= 69 C, flow of 4,9 e 1,8 l/s)

Several other natural hot springs

Thermal Baths La Calera in Chivay

Needs analysis (I)

Not completely used resource

Too high temperatures to bathing: cooling without heat retrieval

• Cool climate during night

• No heating in buildings.

Andamento delle medie mensili dei valori massimi e minimi di temperatura

-4

-20

2

4

6

810

12

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16

1820

22

Gen Feb Mar Apr Mag Giu Lug Ago Set Ott Nov Dic

T [°C]

Tmax

Tmin

• Need of more hot not-thermal water for the thermal baths

Used only 3 of 5 available pools

Maximum and minimum mean monthly temperature

Needs analysis (II)

Do not exist any heating for the new hospital

(as for each public and private building).

Low temperatures can create health problems

Is it a primary or secondary need ?

Which culture feels this need?

Are there other priorities ?

Phase 1 (Italy): project design, preliminary analysis.

Phase 2 (Perù): local survey, technical data collection (October-December 2002).

Phase 3 (Italy and Perù): common development of the project (up to now).

Social feasibility leaded by El Taller

Phase 4 (Italy): financial resource collection

Phase 5 (Perù): project implementation

Development of a cooperation project

University of Trento

ISF-TN El Taller University of Arequipa

Environmental issues in the Caylloma District (Arequipa)

Waste treatment in Arequipa

Sanitation of mining pollution in

Colca Valley

Management of geothermal resources

Partners in Italy Partners in Perù

Technical possibilities

Using geothermal heat for:

• Whole village heating

• Heating of the new hospital

• Sanitary water for the hospital

• Increasing capacity of the existing thermal baths

• Use of exceeding heat for greenhouses

Preliminary technical survey by 2 students of Italy and 1 student of Perù

Local support given by El Taller and University of Arequipa

La Calera hot springsNew Chivay hospital

Water transport: 3 km insulated pipeline to Chivay hospital

General scheme of purposes

GEOTHERMIC RESOURCE

COLCA VALLEYCHIVAY WARM SPRINGS

New hospital Baths upgrading

greenhouses

Heat exchanges Search new hot springs

DAILY ENERGY NEEDS DURING THE COLDEST MONTH (JULY)

• Whole village heating: 102000 MJ/day

• New hospital heating: 4364 MJ/ day

• Sanitary hot water for the new hospital: 1072 MJ/ day

• Sanitary hot water for thermal baths: 1340 MJ/ day

Energy Budget

Available Energy:Available Energy:

64000 MJ/day64000 MJ/day

Heating the whole village is technically not feasible!

Hot water transport: appropriate technology?

COMMERCIAL SOLUTIONS (Socologstor)

ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION

Steal pipes with straw insulation:

•Cost : 13US$/m•Heat loss :0,9°C/km

•Easy substitution material, more people employing

Socopex System: PEX insulated pipes

•Cost: 36US$/m•Heat loss: 0,6°C/km•Easy construction

Bonded System : steal insulated pipes•Cost : 14,5US$/m + 22US$ for each junction•Heat loss : 0,7 °C/km

•Easy construction

New hospital heating

Plant characteristics

Heaters(simple technology)

Floor panels(new technology)

Water temperature: 35°CWater temperature:70°C

Is needed warm up water

Solar panels Gas boiler

Fuel saving: 2/3

Efficienza del collettore solare

0,00

0,10

0,20

0,30

0,40

0,50

0,60

0,70

0,80

0,90

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Condizioni operative in funzione di tmf [°C]

Efficienza di captazione

Technical feasibility

Hospital Heating Hospital Heating

La Calera La Calera UpgradingUpgrading

HEAT EXCHANGE

First step

Floor panels heating (Water temperature less than 50 Celsius)

Uses of other hot springs

•Floor panels: is it an appropriate technology ?

•Are there technical capabilities for construction and management ?

•Is this solution economically and socially sustainable ?

Hot water Hot water transportation transportation

Next Step

Cooperation between ISF - El Taller - Municipality di Chivay - University of Arequipa

Creation of network of local actors

Social feasibility study: impacts of the project on the local contest… from technical project to community project …

Sharing the project with the local community

Expected results

•Better conditions in the hospital.

•Further development of hot baths (most important income in the village).

•Further development of tourisms (in a sustainable way).

• Improve knowledge on local resources (spring locations, amount and quality of water).

• Create a model of renewable resources using applicable in other places in Perù.

• Support collaborations among local groups.

• Peer contact between universities and students of both sides.

• Empowerment of both partners.

• Project as a continuous and long term process.

• Building strong partnership as a priority on starting project.

• Relevance of feasibility studies within the project cycle.

Point of discussion