Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases. Ulcerative Colitis Unknown etiology Mucosal inflammation and...

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Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases

Transcript of Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases. Ulcerative Colitis Unknown etiology Mucosal inflammation and...

Page 1: Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases. Ulcerative Colitis Unknown etiology Mucosal inflammation and ulceration in the large intestine Always involves the rectum.

Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases

Page 2: Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases. Ulcerative Colitis Unknown etiology Mucosal inflammation and ulceration in the large intestine Always involves the rectum.

Ulcerative Colitis• Unknown etiology• Mucosal inflammation and ulceration in

the large intestine• Always involves the rectum• Early; Widespread fuzzy, serrated

ulcerations• Late; Rigid tube appearance, ‘lead pipe’• Complications; Toxic megacolon,

carcinoma

Page 3: Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases. Ulcerative Colitis Unknown etiology Mucosal inflammation and ulceration in the large intestine Always involves the rectum.

Ulcerative Colitis

• Fine serrated margins • Represents mucosal

ulcerations

Page 4: Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases. Ulcerative Colitis Unknown etiology Mucosal inflammation and ulceration in the large intestine Always involves the rectum.

Ulcerative Colitis

• Close up serrations

Page 5: Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases. Ulcerative Colitis Unknown etiology Mucosal inflammation and ulceration in the large intestine Always involves the rectum.

Ulcerative Colitis

• Diffuse involvement with ulcerations

Page 6: Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases. Ulcerative Colitis Unknown etiology Mucosal inflammation and ulceration in the large intestine Always involves the rectum.

Ulcerative Colitis

• Extensive descending colon involvment with deep ulcerations of mucosa.

Page 7: Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases. Ulcerative Colitis Unknown etiology Mucosal inflammation and ulceration in the large intestine Always involves the rectum.

Ulcerative Colitis

• Fine serrations in the sigmoid colon.

Page 8: Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases. Ulcerative Colitis Unknown etiology Mucosal inflammation and ulceration in the large intestine Always involves the rectum.

Ulcerative Colitis• AP film from air

contrast barium enema

• Acute disease• Smooth surface

distal colon and rectum or fine serrations

• Loss of haustra• Some narrowing

Page 9: Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases. Ulcerative Colitis Unknown etiology Mucosal inflammation and ulceration in the large intestine Always involves the rectum.

Ulcerative Colitis Chronic

• Areas of marked narrowing

• Shortening of the colon

• Abnormal smoothness

• No haustrations

Page 10: Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases. Ulcerative Colitis Unknown etiology Mucosal inflammation and ulceration in the large intestine Always involves the rectum.

Crohn’s Disease

• Unknown etiology• Transmural process• Any part of alimentary tract• Mostly terminal ileum, proximal colon, may

affect the duodenum

Page 11: Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases. Ulcerative Colitis Unknown etiology Mucosal inflammation and ulceration in the large intestine Always involves the rectum.

Crohn’s Disease

• Cobblestone appearance (edema with criss-crossed ulcers)

• Skip areas of normal bowel• Complications- obstruction, fistulas and

abscess

Page 12: Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases. Ulcerative Colitis Unknown etiology Mucosal inflammation and ulceration in the large intestine Always involves the rectum.

Regional Enteritis

• Separation of loops• Skip areas of more

normal appearing small intestine

• Areas of edematous small intestine

• Areas of narrowing

Page 13: Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases. Ulcerative Colitis Unknown etiology Mucosal inflammation and ulceration in the large intestine Always involves the rectum.

Regional Enteritis

• Marked narrowing of the terminal ileum

Page 14: Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases. Ulcerative Colitis Unknown etiology Mucosal inflammation and ulceration in the large intestine Always involves the rectum.

Crohn’s Disease

• Spot films of terminal ileum

• Areas of narrowing separated by areas of more normal bowel

• Separation of loops

• Fistulas (arrow)