Industrial perspectives in Solar · 2012-12-20 · Microsoft PowerPoint - 20121127 - Industrial...
32
Industrial perspectives in Solar 27 th of November 2012 Christian Stadler
Transcript of Industrial perspectives in Solar · 2012-12-20 · Microsoft PowerPoint - 20121127 - Industrial...
Industrial perspectives in Solar
27th of November 2012Christian Stadler
Agenda
Heat demand vs. Electricity demand in EU
ITW analysis clears up differentiation of Solar Thermal vs. PV
Current available solar thermal solutions
Development of solar thermal markets in EU
Drivers of solar thermal market
EcoDesign & EcoLabelling
Conclusion.
The heating sector is underestimated
Source: RHC platform common vision published in 2010
“Other“ is - Electricity (~20%)
and - Transport (~31%)
Forschungs- und Testzentrum für Solaranlagen
Institut für Thermodynamik und WärmetechnikForschungs- und Testzentrum für Solaranlagen (TZS)
ww
w.it
w.u
ni-s
tuttg
art.d
e
4BSW, Berlin, 21. November 2012Harald Drück, Karola Sommer
in Kooperation mit
Dr. Harald Drück, Karola Sommer
Institut für Thermodynamik und Wärmetechnik (ITW)Forschungs- und Testzentrum für Solaranlagen (TZS)
Universität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 6, 70550 Stuttgart
Email: [email protected]: www.itw.uni-stuttgart.de
Comparison of photovoltaic and solar thermal
heat productionfor use in single family houses
2012\PV_Waerme03HD1.pptx
Forschungs- und Testzentrum für Solaranlagen
Institut für Thermodynamik und WärmetechnikForschungs- und Testzentrum für Solaranlagen (TZS)
ww
w.it
w.u
ni-s
tuttg
art.d
e
5BSW, Berlin, 21. November 2012Harald Drück, Karola Sommer
in Kooperation mit
Result solar domestic hot water systems
Highest primary energetic efficiency: ST with gas heater
Shortest financial amortisation time: ST with gas heater
Shortest energetic amortisation time: ST with gas heater
… valid both with or without PV feed-in tariff
Solar thermal advantage is the higher efficiency per m² of collectors
Disadvantage of heat-pump: Low seasonal COP for hot water preparation and low fraction of direct PV-electricity for heat-pump
Disadvantage of direct electric hot water preparation by PV: results in higher fuel costs and lower PV income because there is less PV-electricity left to feed-in.
Forschungs- und Testzentrum für Solaranlagen
Institut für Thermodynamik und WärmetechnikForschungs- und Testzentrum für Solaranlagen (TZS)
ww
w.it
w.u
ni-s
tuttg
art.d
e
6BSW, Berlin, 21. November 2012Harald Drück, Karola Sommer
in Kooperation mit
Result solar combi systems (heating & hot water) Highest PE – efficiency - w/o feed-in-tariff: ST + HP
- with feed-in-tariff : PV + HP
Lowest financial amortisation (w/o and w. FIT): ST & gas-condensing
Lowest energetic amort. - w/o feed-in-tariff : ST & HP
- with feed-in-tariff: ST & HP and PV & HP
… valid both for new built and retrofit installations
‘ST & HP‘ is energetic efficient, but expensive
‘PV & HP‘ has a low primary energy consumption because of the feed-in of the surplus PV yield (direct solar feed into heat-pump is low)
‘PV & E-heater‘ is PE-inefficient and gives no financial or energetic amortisation.
Analysis shows again a focus on solar thermal for heat production and PV for electricity
Hot water: Solar thermal is clear favourite when compared with PVHeating: Solar thermal in front except there is a PV feed-in-tariff
Result:
Use solar thermal (or other RE) for renewable heat generation andUse PV (or wind…) for renewable electricity generation.
THE CURRENT AVAILABLE ST-SOLUTIONS COVER ALL THINKABLE APPLICATIONS
Pictures speak louder than wordsSingle family homes
Offices
Multi family housing
Hotels
Industrial buildings
Commercial buildings
District heating: 12.6 MWth
Solar thermal can be part of every heat generation
In the past 3 decades industry has developed solutions for all segmentsBut solar thermal doesn‘t get a momentum from single family houses to other applications (hotels, process heat, …) except of Denmark (district-heating)Solar heating is just common in the German-speaking countriesSome world markets even having two-digit growth (China, India, Brazil, …).
DEVELOPMENT OF SOLAR THERMAL MARKETS IN EU
The ST sales is struggling in many EU markets
Most bigger EU-markets (>140MWth) are decreasing and emerging markets (>50MWth) slowing down
Most markets experiencing decreasing sales, except Poland where subsidies are on a noticeable levelSouthern European countries hit strongly by crisis and political situation (cuts on subsidies and insecurity)Italy and Spain particularly worrying, uncertainties regarding support mechanismsEmerging markets slowing down, apart from Denmark (still strong on district heating with big projects)Portugal and Czech Republic are examples of negative effects of ‘stop and go’ incentives policyUK further delays the implementation of Renewable Heat incentives for residential installations.
DRIVERS OF SOLAR THERMAL MARKETS
What drives the solar thermal markets?
GET YOUR ENERGY FOR FREEOnce installed, the energy you get from a solar solution is for free. With a Solar electricity solution you can even earn money.
BE CO2-NEUTRALContribute to a sustainable future. The sun is our only source of renewable energy. A Solar heating system for a family with an average water consumption will save app. 1 ton CO2 every year. With solar energy you help reduce global warming and air pollution.
GAIN ENERGY INDEPENDENCEThe prices on fossil fuels will increase. We just don’t know how much. All is dependent on the OPEC countries. With a solar solution you both will save money and become energy independent.
THE BEST GREEN
ENERGY IS YELLOW LIKE
THE SUN
20-20-20 EU policy and beyond...?
Greenhousegas levels
Energyconsumption
Renewables inEnergy mix
ENERGY LABELLING: INCENTIVE OR CHALLENGE FOR PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT?
End consumers are used to get guidance… …except in heating business
That well known labelling will be enlarged to a number of new product groups
Some special labels for heating business are created: e.g. the one for combi systems
Combination label of e.g. gas boiler with solar (and some other possible devices) Two (different) classes for space heating and hot water preparation.
EcoDesign & Eco Labelling has to compare apples and oranges
A boiler or heat-pump has a measurable efficiency how it is using primary energy
A solar system is just “collecting” free energy
A solar thermal system has COP‘s of 50..100!
So systems are not directly comparable
It first time enables installers and end consumers to see the solar input with an easy rating.
CONCLUSION
Great opportunities but also some learning's…
Current systems are highly developed and fitting to all applications
Don‘t mix technologies (ST for heat, PV for electricity)
Markets will not get green on their own
Consumers need clear governmental adviceCommercial investors are judging on short-term payback.
Thank you for your attention!
Turn the blue tap for cold water
Turn the red tap for great savings
Thank you for your attention.
