Industrial Applications of

Synchrotron Radiation in Korea

S.H. Nam,

Chungjong Yu, Bongsoo Kim, Moonhor Ree

On behalf of the PAL Staff

Pohang Accelerator Laboratory

15th NSRRC Users Meeting, October 15- 16, 2009

Hsinchu, Taiwan

2

Outline

• Introduction to Pohang Light Source (PLS)

• Three Types of Industrial Involvement

(PRT member, Direct use, Indirect use)

• The PAL Industrial Technology Support Center

• Industrial Applications

• Industrial Beamlines Proposed

• Medical Cluster and Drug Discovery Center

• Future of PLS

Major upgrade current PLS facility (PLS-II)

PLS X-FEL project

• Summary

PLS NCNT

Pohang TechnoPark

Main

Campus

Campus Hotel

Digital Library

BioTech Center

Robot Center

Apartments

&

Dormitory

POSTECH CAMPUS

4

5

I. PLS

Project started Apr. 1 1988

Ground-breaking Apr. 1 1991

2-GeV Linac commissioning June 30 1994

Storage ring commissioning Dec. 24 1994

User’s service started Sept. 1 1995

1st PLS Upgrade Complete Nov. 1 2002

Energy ramping to 2.5 GeV Sept. 1 2000

2.5-GeV injection Nov. 1 2002

II. 2nd Major Upgrade of the PLS (PLS-II)

3.0 GeV PLS-II Upgrade begin Jan. 2009

3.0 GeV PLS-II Upgrade Complete Dec. 2011

III. PAL XFEL Proposal

10GeV Linac Based 0.1 nm x-ray FEL Proposal 2009

PAL: Chronology

6

Pohang Light Source

2.5 GeV Linac

Beam energy (GeV) 2.5

Circumference(m) 280.56

Natural emittance (nm) 18.9

RF (MHz) 500.082

RF voltage (MV) 1.6

Tunes 14.28/8.18

Super-periods 12

2.5 GeV Storage Ring Beamlines and Exp. Stations

28 B/L (7 IDs)

3 construction

Beam energy (GeV) 2.5

RF (MHz) 2856

Klystron power (MW), max 80

Bunch length (ps) 13

Normalized emittance (nm.mrad) 150

Beam current (A) 1

Energy spread (%), FWHM 0.6

Total length (m) 1606

7

7B1 HR-PESⅠ/ XAS KIST

PLS Beamline StatusJanuary 2009

Storage

Ring

3B1 PAS

4C1 SAXSⅠ

4A

HFMX

2A MS

7C1 XAFS Ⅱ

5A HFXS

7B2 XM POSTECH-AS-EPFL

6C1 MX Ⅱ

6B MX Ⅰ

5C2 XRS GIST Ⅰ

5C1 XRS GIST Ⅱ

4C2 SAXSⅡ

4B1 PES Ⅱ

3C2 XRSⅠ

3A1 μ-ARUPS

3C1 XAFS Ⅰ

3A2 ARPES

8A1 SPEM

8C1 XRS/XAFS POSCO

8C2 HRPD

9C1 XNMM

10C1 XRS-Ⅱ

11AⅠ RXS

11B EUVL(HanYang U.)

1B2 XM

10A HFXAFS

Operation

Construction

28 beamlines

3 beamlines

* fs-THz BL : Technical Building II

Storage

Ring

10B XRD KIST-PAL

8A2 HR-PESⅡ

9A U-SAXS

Massive Increase of PLS Proposals

방사광 활용 분야

생명, 1 %

[ 1 과제]

물리

3 2 %

[ 2 2 과제]

화학

3 6 %

[ 2 4 과제]

기계, 3 %

[ 2 과제]

표면과학

4 %

[ 3 과제]철강, 1 %

[ 1 과제]

재료

2 3 %

[ 1 6 과제]

6 9 과제( ’9 6 년)

방사광가속기는 물리, 화학 등 기초과학 뿐만 아니라, 반도체, 의학, 철강, 전자 등

광범위하게 활용되고 있음

빔라인의 지속적인 증설 ( ’9 5 년 2 기 → ‘현재 2 8 기)

8 3 7 과제( ’0 7 년)

재료35%

화학22%

생명15%

물리10%

기계3%

반도체4%

의학4%표면과학

4%

환경2%

철강1%

전자

Mechanical

Engineering

(3%)

Iron/Steel

(1%)

Surface

Science

(4%)

Chemistry

(36%)

Chemistry

(22%)

Materials

(23%)

Physics

(32%)

Bio-

Science

(1%)

Materials

(35%)

837Proposals

(2007)

Bio-Science

(15%)

Physics

(10%)

Mechanical

Engineering

Semiconductors

MedicalsIron

SteelSurface

Science

Environmental

Science

Summary

More than 2,000 PLS users per year.

Total 5,213 accumulated experiments (total 17,524 accumulated users) from

1995 opening to 2007.

More than 20 % yearly increase since Yr 2000.

Statistics

User Statistics

Yearly Publication Statistics

’07-’08

Collecting

* ’07-’08 publication statistics are still under collection.

Average Impact Factor (IF) of Publications

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

'96년 ‘97 ‘98 ‘99 ‘00 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07 ‘08

I.F

Imp

act

Fact

or

Year of Publication

12

Outline

• Introduction to Pohang Light Source (PLS)

• Three Types of Industrial Involvement

(PRT member, Direct use, Indirect use)

• The PAL Industrial Technology Support Center

• Industrial Applications

• Industrial Beamlines Proposed

• Medical Cluster and Drug Discovery Center

• Future of PLS

Major upgrade current PLS facility (PLS-II)

PLS X-FEL project

• Summary

13

Industrial Utilizations of PLS

January 2009

7B1 HR-PESⅠ/ XAS KIST

Storage

Ring

3B1 PAS

4C1 SAXSⅠ

4A HFMX

2A MS

7C1 XAFS Ⅱ

5A HFXS

7B2 XM POSTECH-AS-EPFL

6C1 MX Ⅱ

6B MX Ⅰ

5C2 XRS GIST Ⅰ

5C1 XRS GIST Ⅱ

4C2 SAXSⅡ

4B1 PES Ⅱ

3C2 XRSⅠ

3A1 μ-ARUPS

3C1 XAFS Ⅰ

3A2 ARPES

8A1 SPEM

8C1 XRS/XAFS POSCO

8C2 HRPD

9C1 XNMM

10C1 XRS-Ⅱ

11AⅠ RXS

11B EUVL(HanYang U.)

1B2 XM

10A HFXAFS

Operation

Construction

28 beamlines

3 beamlines

* fs-THz BL : Technical Building II

Storage

Ring

10B XRD KIST-PAL

8A2 HR-PESⅡ

9A U-SAXS

IndustryDemandedBeamlines

14

Participating Research Teams (PRT)

Beamlines from Korean Industry

1 POSCO Beamline (8C1)

2 Keumho Company Beamline (5C1 & 5C2)

1 LG Company Beamline (11B)

(changed to an EUV consortium beamline)

82%

9% 3% 6%

Percentage of Proposals by Affiliation (2000~2007)

University

Research Institute

Foreign

Industry

15

Number of Proposals by Affiliation (2000~2007)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Total

University 183 209 251 317 407 523 597 704 3,191

Research

Institute 18 19 26 31 43 63 64 70 334

Foreign 17 21 13 13 12 18 17 15 126

Industry

19

(8.0%)

[16%]

21

(7.8%)

[15.6]

20

(6.5%)

[13.0%]

21

(5.5%)

[13.0%]

27

(5.5%)

[13.0%]

44

(6.8%)

[13.6%]

33

(4.6%)

[14.5%]

48

(5.7%)

[16.0%]

233

(6.0%)

[14.3%]

Total 237 270 310 382 489 648 711 837 3,884

[14.3%] Industry including indirect use.