THE SENSE OF

HEARING

EARS Equilibrium Organ

Hearing Organ

PART OF EARS

Outer ears

•Auricle (pinna)•The Auditory canal

Middle ears

•Tympani membran•The Auditory ossicle•The austachian cube

Inner ears •Oval windows•Round windows•Cochlea•Semicircularis canalis•Basiler membran•Organ of corti•Tectorial membran

Ear’s Anatomy

The vestibule, semicircular canals, and cochlea are made of a bony shell (labyrinth) with an interior membranous labyrinth. Endolymph fills the membranous labyrinth and perilymph is around it in the bony labyrinth.

Inner Ear

Fungtion Part of EarsPotition Part of Ears Fungtion

Outer Ears a. Auricle (pinna)b. The Auditory canal

The cather of sound waves thet next will be continued to the middle ear by the auditory

Midlle Ears a. Tympani membranb. The Auditory ossiclec. The austachian cube

a. To receive the acoustic vibration or sound wave that next will be continued to ossicle5s

b. To continued the acoustic vibration into the inner ear cavity

c. To keep the equilibrium of the air pressure between the outer air and the air of inner

Inner Ears a. Oval windowsb. Round windowsc. Cochlead. Semicircularis canalise. Basiler membranf. Organ of cortig. Tectorial membran

a. The connector of middle ear and inner earb. Sound’s receptorc. Head motion’s receptord. Gravitation’s receptore. To continued vibrationf. The place of sound’s receptor cell like hairg. To continued vibration to organ of corti

Hearing Process

Wave of sound

The auditory

canal

Tympany

membran

The auditory ossicless

Oval window

s

Cochlea and

round window

The Auditory nerve

Brain

Sense of Equilibrium

Two types of equilibrium• The organs of static equilibrium help

to maintain the position of the head when the head and body are rest.

• The organs of dynamic equilibrium help to maintain balance when the head and body suddenly move and rotate.

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Static Equilibrium-body position at rest

• Vestibule is in charge of static equilibrium– Made of chambers called utricle and saccule

• Chambers have macula– Macula has many hair cells that are sensory receptors– Gel-like substance that hair cells project into– Otoliths-calcium carbonate around gel substance

• Bend head to side-stimulates hair cells• Hairs bend and tilt into gel substance cause

action potential to be sent • Signal sent to brain to tell what is going on

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Pick up head position

Static equilibrium

Dynamic Equilibrium-motion balance

• 3 semicircular canals of labyrinth are the important organs

• Ampulla-swelling in perilymph of bony labyrinth– Contains sensory organs called crista ampullaris

• Have hair cells and support cells• Hairs extend into gel mass called capula

– Hairs move opposite of body movement• Send signal to brain (cerebellum)

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Dynamic Equilibrium

Deafness

• Conductive deafness– Middle ear issues– Block the normal transfer of vibrations from the

tympanum to the oval window– Caused by scarring or perforation of tympanum or

ossicle immobilization• Nerve deafness

– Cochlea issues– Receptors do not respond or reach their

destinations