India After WWI/ Ghandi January 28, 2014. Following WWI – India WANTS freedom 1919: England...
-
Upload
shauna-lawrence -
Category
Documents
-
view
212 -
download
0
Transcript of India After WWI/ Ghandi January 28, 2014. Following WWI – India WANTS freedom 1919: England...
India After WWI/ Ghandi
January 28, 2014
• Following WWI– India WANTS freedom
• 1919: England imposes stricter laws– No freedom of press
• 10,000 Indians protest– 379 die– 1100 wounded
Mohandas Ghandi• Unite people/ fight for change• From a middle class Hindu family• Lived in England/ studied law• 1891: moves to South Africa
– Learns NON-VIOLENT protest• Believes in:1. Hindu Non-violence/ respect for life2. Christian teachings of LOVE (even enemies)3. Civil disobedience: refuse to obey unjust laws
• Ghandi hopes: make world aware of British wrongdoing– Accept punishment/ no strike back
• Ghandi appeals to ALL Indians– Demands better treatment of untouchables– Reaches out to other religions (unite ALL Indians)
• Lives simply/ dress in white cotton cloth• Vegetarian• Fasted (no food)Salt March• 1930: British put a tax on salt
– India not allowed to make salt/ very $$$• Ghandi organizes a 200 mile march to sea to make salt• British arrested Ghandi & 50,000 others• Some British officers use VIOLENCE against protesters• British at home: do we want India anymore???
World War II• India does NOT want to fight for England (but does)• Agree to fight if they get their independence
– England says NOTrouble at HOME• Hindu/ Muslim Conflict• England LIKES India torn in religion conflict, BUT…• Talk about dividing India in half• Ghandi promotes everyone TOGETHER
– More power1942: England promises to grant independence after
WWII over1945: End of WWII• England is war-torn• Riots in India over religion/ Civil War possible
– No longer demand to keep India1947: England grants India independence• Partition India: divide it• Hindu population will live in INDIA• Muslim population will live in PAKISTAN
• Independence but still problems• Mass migration
– Hindus to India– Muslims to Pakistan
• Massive violence– 500,000 killed
• Ghandi refuses to celebrate India’s independence on August 15, 1947
• Ghandi reads prayers aloud from Bible, Koran, etc. (all religions)
January 1948: Ghandi assassinated• Hindu nationalist• Thinks that Ghandi is betraying Hindu
people by incorporating other religions