INARCH workshop, 24 Characterization of snow processes …...Maipo en San Alfonso Maipo en las...
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Characterization of snow processes and their implications on runoff generation. Semi-arid Andes - Central Chile Yohann Videla-Giering 1,4 John Pomeroy 2 and James McPhee 3,4 Abstract Understanding the role of physical processes on the volume and residence time of extratropical Andean snowpack is critical for successful water resources management in Central Chile. The lack of direct, long term observations, motivates the use of hydrological modeling for hypothesis testing and process understanding, with the aim to achieve robust hydrological predictions under global change scenarios. To this end, we force the CRHM model with data from the Era-Interim re-analysis for the 2000-2017. Study Area: Morales & Yeso Basins 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Apr Jun Aug Oct Dec Feb Pp [mm] T [ºC] Yeso Embalse Estation - 2500 masl. Precipitation Temperature 0 100 200 300 400 Abr Jun Ago Oct Dic Feb Runoff [m3/s] Maipo en San Alfonso Maipo en las Melosas Volcán en Queltehues Olivares antes de junta con Río Colorado Maipo en el Manzano • Basin-averaged elevation: 3300 masl 27.5 Km 2 61.3 Km 2 5000 Km 2 Yeso Basin Morales Basin Maipo Basin Approach: Hydrological model - CRHM ሻ ( + + ∆ℎ = = = + + ℎ + + + −2 Downscale HRU’s Generation Hydrological modelling 0 100 200 300 400 SWE [mm] Soil Temp Shortgrass and Srhubs Normal cond. +2ºC Temp Soil +3º Temp Soil Performance: SWE, IWE & Hydro-Signatures Energy Balance: Climate sensitivity SWE: Snow cover & Snow Extend • Relevant soil water storage component in narrow valley bottoms Approach: Hydrologic Model Structures 376 512 413 461 421 416 0.72 0.68 0.56 0.53 0.52 0.45 SWE [mm] & Snow Depth [cm] Average Wavelength [μm] 0 10 20 30 40 50 58 Fresh snow Old snow Soil Jully - NIR 720[μm] Conclusions • 80% of summer runoff (DJF) comes from glacial melting. • Snow and ice melt contribute to runoff throughout the entire year, dispelling the notion of distinct accumulation and melt seasons. • Notorious change in snow line and season length during 2010 - 2015. • Stabilization of SCA over 2650 meters. • Temperatures during and after snowfalls explain Snow Extend Runoff: Water Fluxes & Storage Material and Methods Results 1 Department of Geology, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, 2 Centre for Hydrology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. 3 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Universidad de Chile. 4 Advanced Mining Technology Center, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. [email protected] - [email protected] - [email protected] 4 th INARCH workshop, 24 th – 26 th October 2018, Santiago and Portillo, Chile
Transcript of INARCH workshop, 24 Characterization of snow processes …...Maipo en San Alfonso Maipo en las...
Characterization of snow processes and their implications on runoff generation.Semi-arid Andes - Central Chile
Yohann Videla-Giering 1,4 John Pomeroy2 and James McPhee 3,4
Abstract Understanding the role of physical processes on the volume and residence time of extratropical Andean
snowpack is critical for successful water resources management in Central Chile. The lack of direct, long term
observations, motivates the use of hydrological modeling for hypothesis testing and process understanding,
with the aim to achieve robust hydrological predictions under global change scenarios. To this end, we force the
CRHM model with data from the Era-Interim re-analysis for the 2000-2017.
Study Area: Morales & Yeso Basins
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Apr Jun Aug Oct Dec Feb
Pp [mm]T [ºC]Yeso Embalse Estation - 2500 masl.
Precipitation Temperature
0
100
200
300
400
Abr Jun Ago Oct Dic Feb
Runoff[m3/s]
Maipo en San Alfonso Maipo en las Melosas
Volcán en Queltehues Olivares antes de junta con Río Colorado
Maipo en el Manzano
• Basin-averaged elevation: 3300 masl
27.5
Km2
61.3
Km2
5000
Km2
Yeso Basin
Morales Basin
Maipo Basin
Approach: Hydrological model - CRHM
ሻ𝜕(𝜌𝑐𝑇
𝜕𝑡+ 𝜌𝑙𝑐𝑙𝑉𝑙
𝜕𝑇
𝜕𝑍+ ∆ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑀𝑖𝑙 =
𝜕
𝜕𝑍𝑘𝑒𝑓𝑓
𝜕𝑇
𝜕𝑍
𝑑𝑄
𝑑𝑡= 𝛥𝑄 = 𝑅𝑛 + 𝑄𝑒 + 𝑄ℎ + 𝑄𝑔 + 𝑄𝑚 + 𝑄𝑑
𝑘𝑊
𝑚−2
Downscale HRU’s Generation Hydrological modelling
0
100
200
300
400
SWE
[mm
]
Soil Temp Shortgrass and SrhubsNormal cond.
+2ºC Temp Soil
+3º Temp Soil
Performance: SWE, IWE & Hydro-Signatures
Energy Balance: Climate sensitivity
SWE: Snow cover & Snow Extend
• Relevant soil water storage component in narrow valley bottoms
Approach: Hydrologic Model Structures
376
512
413
461
421
416
0.72
0.68
0.56
0.53
0.52
0.45
SW
E [
mm
] &
Sn
ow
Dep
th[
cm]
Aver
age
Wav
elen
gth
[µm
]
0
10
20
30
40
50
58
Fresh snow Old snow
Soil
Jully - NIR 720[µm]
Conclusions
• 80% of summer runoff (DJF) comes from glacial melting.
• Snow and ice melt contribute to runoff throughout the entire year, dispelling the
notion of distinct accumulation and melt seasons.
• Notorious change in snow line and season
length during 2010 - 2015.
• Stabilization of SCA over 2650 meters.
• Temperatures during and after snowfalls
explain Snow Extend
Runoff: Water Fluxes & Storage
Material and Methods Results
1 Department of Geology, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, 2 Centre for Hydrology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. 3 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Universidad de Chile. 4
Advanced Mining Technology Center, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. [email protected] - [email protected] - [email protected]
4th INARCH workshop, 24th – 26th October 2018, Santiago and Portillo, Chile
