In this section you will learn how the President and

Congress began to set up the new government.

PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS

• Source of income for government.

• President’s need for aid and advice.

• Tariffs

• Cabinet appointments

George Washington was inaugurated on April 30, 1789

in New York City, then the nation's capitol.

George Washington

John Adams of Massachusetts became Washington’s Vice

President.

John Adams

The Federal Judiciary Act of 1789, created a Supreme Court with five associate justices and one chief justice. Over time the

number has grown to nine.

John Jay was appointed by Washington as the Supreme

Court’s first chief justice.

John Jay

FOR UNDERSTANDING

PROBLEM: Source of income for government.SOLUTION: ______

• 1) Income taxes

• 2) Application of immanent domain

• 3) Donations

• 4) Tariffs

______ was inaugurated on April 30, 1789 in New York

City, then the nation's capitol.

• 1) Thomas Paine

• 2) John Adams

• 3) George Washington

• 4) Alexander Hamilton

______ of Massachusetts became Washington’s Vice

President.

• 1) John Adams

• 2) Alexander Hamilton

• 3) Thomas Jefferson

• 4) John Jay

The ______ of 1789, created a Supreme Court.

• 1) President’s cabinet

• 2) Federal Judiciary Act

• 3) Hamilton Plan

• 4) Virginia Plan

The Supreme Court of 1789 was characterized by:

• 1) Eight associate justices and one chief justice.

• 2) Nine Federal Court justices and one chief justice.

• 3) A tribunal of three Supreme Court justices.

• 4) Five associate justices and one chief justice.

______ was appointed by Washington as the Supreme

Court’s first chief justice.

• 1) John Adams

• 2) James Madison

• 3) John Jay

• 4) Henry Knox

Congress created three departments and Washington

staffed them with Edmund Randolph as attorney general,

Henry Knox as secretary of war, Thomas Jefferson as

secretary of state, and Alexander Hamilton as the secretary of the treasury.

The new government’s department heads came to be called Washington’s cabinet, and the president called upon

them for advice.

Hamilton created a financial plan to pay back the nation’s war debt to France, the Netherlands, and Spain,

as well as strengthen the power of the government. He proposed three steps

to improve the nation’s finances:

• Paying off all war debts

• Raising government revenues

• Creating a national bank

Hamilton proposed raising money by placing a tax, called a tariff, on imported goods.

Hamilton wanted to create a national bank citing the “necessary

and proper” clause of the Constitution, but Madison and

Jefferson felt that it was not constitutional to do so. Both sides argued their point to Washington, with Hamilton emerging the victor.

Article I, Section 8, Clause 18:

The Congress shall have power …To make all laws which shall be

necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this

the government of the United States, or in any department or officer

thereof.

FOR UNDERSTANDING

PROBLEM:President’s need for aid and advice.SOLUTION: ______

• 1) Popular opinion

• 2) Cabinet appointments

• 3) Congressional opinion

• 4) Public debates

Washington’s attorney general was ______ .

• 1) Edmond Randolph

• 2) Thomas Jefferson

• 3) John Jay

• 4) Alexander Hamilton

Washington’s secretary of war was ______ .

• 1) John Knox

• 2) Thomas Jefferson

• 3) John Jay

• 4) Edmond Randolph

Washington’s secretary of state was ______ .

• 1) Edmond Randolph

• 2) Alexander Hamilton

• 3) John Knox

• 4) Thomas Jefferson

Washington’s secretary of the treasury was ______ .

• 1) Edmond Randolph

• 2) John Knox

• 3) Alexander Hamilton

• 4) John Jay

Washington’s department heads came to be called Washington’s ______ .

• 1) “ Big Three”

• 2) bureau

• 3) Federalists

• 4) cabinet

Which of the following was not one of Hamilton’s proposed three steps to improve the nation’s finances:

• 1) Creating a national bank.

• 2) Paying off all war debts.

• 3) Raising government revenues.

• 4) Imposing a federal income tax.

Hamilton proposed raising money by placing a tax, called a ______, on imported goods.

• 1) duty

• 2) tariff

• 3) ratification

• 4) debt

Hamilton wanted to create a national bank citing the ______

clause of the Constitution.

• 1) “necessary and proper”

• 2) “subordinate”

• 3) “banking”

• 4) “fair and equal”