Improving Breast BiopsyImproving Breast Biopsyusingusing IVUS probes IVUS probes

Client: Dr. KelczClient: Dr. Kelcz Team: Megan BurokerTeam: Megan BurokerKevin JohnsonKevin Johnson

Advisor: Prof. Justin WilliamsAdvisor: Prof. Justin Williams Noelle SimaticNoelle SimaticJoe ZechlinskiJoe Zechlinski

University of Wisconsin - Madison Biomedical Engineering Design Courses

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Problem StatementProblem Statement

GoalGoal To improve biopsy yield by local imaging To improve biopsy yield by local imaging

during MRI and Ultrasound guided stereotatic during MRI and Ultrasound guided stereotatic biopsy procedure.biopsy procedure.

MotivationMotivation During biopsy procedures small tumors are During biopsy procedures small tumors are

often covered up by the biopsy needle often covered up by the biopsy needle yielding procedures with low specificity. yielding procedures with low specificity.

Guided Core BiopsyGuided Core BiopsyFirst visitFirst visit

Initial mammographic/MR Initial mammographic/MR imageimage

Positive diagnosis—Positive diagnosis—suspicious lesionssuspicious lesions

Second visitSecond visit Second MR image—insertion of Second MR image—insertion of

plastic clipplastic clip Third MR image—check Third MR image—check

placementplacement Needle InsertionNeedle Insertion

Exact location never Exact location never verifiedverified

Perform biopsyPerform biopsy

ResultsResults Pathological analysisPathological analysis

Design Alternative 1 Design Alternative 1 Optical FluorescenceOptical Fluorescence

Prof. Nimmi RamanujamProf. Nimmi Ramanujam

Photons excite tissuePhotons excite tissue

Molecules emit frequency shifted photonsMolecules emit frequency shifted photons

Fiberoptics record and transmit IR waves Fiberoptics record and transmit IR waves

Characteristic tissue responseCharacteristic tissue response NADH, FAD, and collagenNADH, FAD, and collagen

Design Alternatives 2 & 3Design Alternatives 2 & 3Intravascular Ultrasonic Probes Intravascular Ultrasonic Probes

Used to Image ArteriesUsed to Image Arteries Consist of Catheter & Consist of Catheter &

Ultrasonic ProbeUltrasonic Probe 2-3 mm in diameter2-3 mm in diameter Allow cross-sectional Allow cross-sectional

imaging of arteriesimaging of arteries Depend on reflection of Depend on reflection of

imaging areaimaging area Image 1-2 cm around probeImage 1-2 cm around probe Waves 20-30MhzWaves 20-30Mhz

Design Alternative 2Design Alternative 2 Ultrasonic Biopsy Needle Ultrasonic Biopsy Needle

Create a biopsy needle with a built in probeCreate a biopsy needle with a built in probe Allows for 360 degree imagingAllows for 360 degree imaging Would require a multi-transducer arrayWould require a multi-transducer array Needs to be sterile Needs to be sterile Requires redesign of IVUS probeRequires redesign of IVUS probe Could be modified to incorporate 3D ultrasonic Could be modified to incorporate 3D ultrasonic

micro arrays in the near futuremicro arrays in the near future

Design Alternative 3Design Alternative 3Catheter Based IVUS ProbeCatheter Based IVUS Probe

Use existing IVUS probesUse existing IVUS probes Insert probe between scansInsert probe between scans Allow for limited view outside Allow for limited view outside Use either rotational IVUS or multi-transducer Use either rotational IVUS or multi-transducer

typetype No new materials neededNo new materials needed

Design ComparisonDesign Comparison FiberopticFiberoptic Integrated IVUSIntegrated IVUS Catheter IVUSCatheter IVUS

PricePrice 2 2 0 0 10 10

MeasurementMeasurement 8 8 10 10 5 5

MRI Compatibility 10MRI Compatibility 10 7 7 7 7

Ease of UseEase of Use 7 7 10 10 7 7

Ethics of useEthics of use 2 2 9 9 9 9

TotalTotal 29 29 36 36 38 38

Future WorkFuture Work

TestingTesting PhantomsPhantoms Real specimensReal specimens

Possible re-build of IVUS probe into Possible re-build of IVUS probe into needleneedle

Rotational vs. multi-transducer models in Rotational vs. multi-transducer models in catheter based measurementcatheter based measurement

Questions?Questions?