IMPACTS OF THE M8.2 EARTHQUAKE OFFSHORE CHILE April 1-2, 2014 Walter Hays, Global Alliance for...
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Transcript of IMPACTS OF THE M8.2 EARTHQUAKE OFFSHORE CHILE April 1-2, 2014 Walter Hays, Global Alliance for...
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IMPACTS OF THE M8.2 EARTHQUAKE OFFSHORE
CHILEApril 1-2, 2014
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna,
Virginia, USA
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SOUTH AMERICA AND CHILE
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The 20-km-deep (12-mile-deep) quake was located approximately 100 km (60 mi) offshore from Iquique,
96 miles from Arica, and 210 km (128 mi) from Tacna.
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CHILE’S CITIES (NOTE: IQUIQUE)
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TSUNAMI WARNING CENTER
• The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center immediately issued a tsunami warning for coastal areas of Chile, Peru, Nicaragua, and Ecuador.
• A tsunami watch issued for parts of the west coasts of the United States, Mexico, Colombia, Panama, and Costa Rica, was later withdrawn.
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EXPERIENCE IS A GREAT TEACHER
"The whole population is used to earthquakes, and in a very strong earthquake, everybody knows to
evacuate to the hills without being told."
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THE MEDIA: AN UNEXPECTED BENEFIT
• For 15-20 days before the M8.2 event, several hundred small earthquakes occurred.
• Hearing the media talk about the possibility of a big earthquake and tsunami helped many Chileans to anticipate and adapt quickly to the impacts of the M8.2 event.
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The seismic waves reached Chile’s coastal communities in about ½ minute; the 2-m (6 ft) tsunami generated in
the hypocentral region reached them in about 45
minutes
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LOCAL EARTHQUAKE IMPACTS
• Six deaths reported.
• The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction noted in 2011 that the "strict building codes in Chile...continue to play a large part in protecting lives of people."
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PERU
• In Peru, the earthquake caused temporary power outages and evacuations in some southern towns, but did not cause serious damage or injuries.
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GOOD INITIAL REACTIONS
• Sirens and text messages warned Chilean residents of the possibility of a tsunami, triggering the exodus of more than 900,000 inland to "safe inland zones."
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TSUNAMI PROPAGATION FORECAST (Source: NOAA)
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PREDICTED TRAVEL TIMES (Source: NOAA)
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AS EXPECTED, THE TSUNAMI WAVES DID TO CAUSE ANY MAJOR IMPACTS AS THEY TRAVERSED THE PACIFIC
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LOCAL EFFECTS OF TSUNAMI
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LOCAL EFFECTS OF TSUNAMI
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LOCAL TSUNAMI IMPACTS
• More than 2,600 homes were damaged and fishing boats along the northern coast were smashed up.
• However, most infrastructure held up and mines in the world's No. 1 copper producer were functioning normally.
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INITIAL IMPACTS
• At least three fires broke out in the port city of Iquique
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FIRES IN IQUIQUE
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THE LOCAL OFFICIALS WERE PREPARED
• Police, military, and firemen came onto the streets immediately.
• This decisive action served to calm the people.
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SOLDIER ON THE STREET
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ECONOMIC IMPACTS
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PRELIMINARY LOSS ESTIMATES
• “Economic losses are expected to be much lower than the $30 billion from the 2010 quake, which affected the more densely populated central region”
• "The small tsunami triggered by the quake is not expected to have caused significant damage.“(Source: Munich Re).