Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease - National Kidney Foundation
Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the...
Transcript of Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the...
![Page 1: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys
![Page 2: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Hypertension and How it Effects your Kidneys
![Page 3: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is hypertension?
A common, long term, condition
Narrowing of blood vessels; increasing resistance to blood flow
When hearth pumps blood through the narrow vessels, blood pressure goes up
![Page 4: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Categories of Hypertension
![Page 5: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Causes of hypertension• Primary hypertension
95% of causes of hypertension is unknown.
• Secondary hypertension
5% is caused by an underlined condition such as: Sleep Apnea, Kidney problems, Adrenal gland tumors,
Thyroid problems, Birth defects, Certain medications, Illegal drugs (cocaine and amphetamines), Poor diet, Alcohol, and Smoking use
![Page 6: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Risk Factors
Increasing Age Common in men Common in African-Americans Tends to run in families Overweight and obese Inactive lifestyle Smoker/excessive alcohol High intake of sodium Stress Certain chronic conditions (kidney dieses, diabetes, and sleep apnea)
![Page 7: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Complications of Uncontrolled Hypertension
Damage of arteries
Enlargement of the Heart
Heart Failure
Stroke
Visual Disturbances
Sexual Dysfunction
KIDNEY FAILURE
![Page 8: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What is Kidney Failure?
A condition in which the kidneys lose the ability to remove waste and balance fluids.
![Page 9: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Stages of Kidney Failure
![Page 10: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Aftermath of Kidney Failure
Dialysis
3-4 hour treatments, 3-4 days per week
Effects lifestyle, ability to work, family dynamics, body image, decreases energy
![Page 11: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Prevention
Lifestyle Modifications Healthy diet, daily exercise, and clean social habits
![Page 12: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Diet
ALL VEGETABLES• Avoid potatoes and
French fries.
WHOLE GRAINS• Brown rice• Whole Wheat Bread• Whole Wheat Pasta• Limit white rice and
white bread.
HEALTHY PROTEIN• Chicken• Fish• Avoid red meat, cold cuts,
and all processed meats!
All fruits are healthy choices.
At least 8 cups of water a day.
![Page 13: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Exercise
30 mins a day of exercise or brisk walking
Join a gym if feasible
![Page 14: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Social Habits
Decrease alcohol Intake
White Wine vs Red Wine
![Page 15: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Social Habits Smoking Cessation
Chantix Nicotine Patch Decrease in Cigarettes or Cigars until you reach ‘0’
per day
![Page 16: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Social Habits
Meditation De-stress tactics
![Page 17: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Social Habits
Avoid Fast Food Choose the right path by making healthier decisions.
![Page 18: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Medication Compliance
Take medications as prescribed
Getting prescriptions refilled in a timely fashion
Do not miss doses
Do not double up on a dose if a dose is missed
Monitor Blood Pressure routinely
Keep a log of your blood pressure & take with you to appointments.
![Page 19: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Impact of Diabetes on the Body
![Page 20: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
ØDiabetes is a disease that affects your body’s ability to produce or use insulin
ØThe 2 most common types:
1. Type 1
2. Type 2
What is diabetes?
![Page 21: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Types of Diabetes
ØType 1• Usually diagnosed in
children and young adults.• The body is not able to
make insulin.
ØType 2• This type occurs because the
body does not use enough insulin or use the insulin properly.
![Page 22: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Mechanisms of Diabetes
Ø Diabetes is due to one of two mechanisms:
1. Insufficient production of insulin
2. Inadequate sensitivity of cells to the action of insulin.
![Page 23: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Common Causes of Diabetes?
ØFactors you can control:
• Poor lifestyle
• Obesity
• Unhealthy diet
• Gestational Diabetes
![Page 24: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
What Causes Diabetes? (cont’d)
ØFactors that you cannot control:
• Hereditary • Auto-Immune• Increasing Age
![Page 25: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Complications of Diabetes
ØEye problems, such as Retinopathies
ØHeart disease
ØStroke
ØKidney disease
ØNerve damage
ØFoot problems
![Page 26: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Diabetes and Eye Problems
ØDamage of tiny blood vessels in the kidneys, fingers, feet and eyes.
ØScar tissue and detached retina.
Ø“sugar cataracts”
![Page 27: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Diabetes and Heart Disease
ØPlaque formation in blood vessels leads to narrow vessels
Ø Improper circulation of blood will lead to a heart attack
Ø Individuals with diabetes are 2-4 times more likely to have a heart attack than those without the disease (CDC, 2017).
![Page 28: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Diabetes and Nerve Damage
ØDiabetes affects nerve fibers in the body, mainly the ones in the legs and feet.
ØNerve damage causes numbness and tingling.
![Page 29: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Diabetes and Kidney Disease
ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017).
Ø Injured blood vessels in kidneys are unable to filter blood properly.
ØWeight gain and ankle swelling from retention of excess water and salt.
ØProtein may build–up in the urine, and waste materials will build up in the blood.
![Page 30: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Signs of Kidney Disease
ØEarly Signs• Increased excretion of
albumin in the urine.
• Weight gain and ankle swelling may occur.
• Elevated blood pressure
Ø Late Signs • Nausea, vomiting, a loss
of appetite
• Weakness, increasing fatigue, itching, muscle cramps (especially in your legs)
• Anemia (a low blood count).
![Page 31: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Prevention of Diabetes
ØManage your diabetes by ABC
• A for A1C Test. Average blood glucose levels over the past 3 months. The goal is below 7%.
• B for Blood PressureThe blood pressure goal is below 140/90 mm Hg.
• C for CholesterolMonitor your cholesterol levels. The goal is less than 70-100.
![Page 32: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Managing Diabetes ØKeep all your appointments
ØBring a log of your blood glucose readings as ordered by your provider
ØMake sure you visit your eye and foot provider yearly, and if you notice any changes (i.e. blurred vision, double vision) every year
ØUse all medications as prescribed
ØLifestyle and diet change with your provider
ØExercise at least 3 times a week for 30 mins per day
ØDental Check-up
![Page 33: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Conclusion
Get healthy and stay healthy
Live a better lifestyle
Make healthier food choices
Make time for yourself and exercise.
Take your medications as prescribed
Share your knowledge with someone else
![Page 34: Impact of Hypertension and Diabetes on Kidneys · Diabetes and Kidney Disease ØDiabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure in adults in the U.S. (CDC, 2017). ØInjured blood](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022050310/5f71f124866bb240e21cc06e/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
References
ØAmerican Heart Association. (2017). Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes. Retrieved from http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/Diabetes/WhyDiabetesMatters/Cardiovascular-Disease-Diabetes_UCM_313865_Article.jsp#.WqINaejwbIU
ØCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (2017). Diabetic Basics. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/research/index.html