IIRS EDUSAT Based Outreach Program Course... · List of IIRS Faculty members involved (2007 ......
36
IIRS EDUSAT Based Outreach Program IIRS/EDUTRG/VER 6.0 Implementation Document EDUSAT Distance Learning Program ―Basics of Remote Sensing, Geographical Information System & Global Positioning System‖ Pune Univ. MKU Baramulla Univ. JSAC Panjab Univ. Guru Ghasidas Univ. NIT Warangal Thanjavar Univ. Jammu Univ. RTM Nagpur Univ. BHU Allahabad Univ. Sagar Univ. Anna Univ. Shivaji Univ. Jadavpur Univ. FRI MPCOST Banasthali Univ. Ajmer Univ. Tripura Univ. ADM College Delhi Univ. TISS Kashmir Univ. PSG College Rajiv Gandhi Univ. WCE, Sangli Mizoram Univ. SPCC, Goa JMI Gauhati Univ. Bharathiar Univ. IARI, Delhi Tezpur Univ. Amrita Univ. JNU Gujarat Univ. HARSAC, Hissar NBPGR, Delhi Manipur Univ. IIT-R BIT CEPT Univ. GJU IARI, Delhi Presidency College Univ. of Madras HNB Univ. MG Sc. Inst. GNK College Mysore Univ. Assam Univ. Kurukshetra Univ. For UG/PG Student in Universities/ Institutions Under the aegis of National Natural Resources Management System, DOS With Technical Support from CEC, New Delhi &SAC, Ahmedabad TWO-WAY CONTACT TWO-WAY CONTACT EDUSAT
Transcript of IIRS EDUSAT Based Outreach Program Course... · List of IIRS Faculty members involved (2007 ......
IIRS EDUSAT Based Outreach Program
IIRS/EDUTRG/VER 6.0
Implementation Document
EDUSAT Distance Learning Program
―Basics of Remote Sensing, Geographical Information System &
Global Positioning System‖
Pune Univ. MKU Baramulla Univ. JSAC Panjab Univ. Guru Ghasidas Univ.
NIT Warangal Thanjavar Univ. Jammu Univ. RTM Nagpur Univ. BHU Allahabad Univ.
Sagar Univ. Anna Univ. Shivaji Univ. Jadavpur Univ. FRI MPCOST
Banasthali Univ. Ajmer Univ. Tripura Univ. ADM College Delhi Univ. TISS
Kashmir Univ. PSG College Rajiv Gandhi Univ. WCE, Sangli Mizoram Univ. SPCC, Goa
JMI Gauhati Univ. Bharathiar Univ. IARI, Delhi Tezpur Univ. Amrita Univ.
JNU Gujarat Univ. HARSAC, Hissar NBPGR, Delhi Manipur Univ. IIT-R
BIT CEPT Univ. GJU IARI, Delhi Presidency College Univ. of Madras
HNB Univ. MG Sc. Inst. GNK College Mysore Univ. Assam Univ. Kurukshetra Univ.
For UG/PG Student in Universities/ Institutions
Under the aegis of National Natural Resources Management System, DOS
With Technical Support from CEC, New Delhi &SAC, Ahmedabad
TW
O-W
AY
CO
NT
AC
T
TW
O-W
AY
CO
NT
AC
T EDUSAT
This compilation © 2011 is funded by the Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS) Outreach
Program. Reproduction of this volume or any parts thereof (excluding short quotations for the
use in the preparation of reviews and technical and scientific papers) may be made only after
obtaining the specific approval of the publisher. The facts appearing in this volume are only
indicative. Authors retain all rights to the content.
Version
6.0 – 4 July 2011
Editors
PLN Raju ([email protected])
Prasun Kumar Gupta ([email protected])
Geoinformatics Division
Indian Institute of Remote Sensing
Indian Space Research Organisation
Published by
EDUSAT Team
Indian Institute of Remote Sensing
EDUSAT Studio & Control Room 2007-2011
Indian Institute of Remote Sensing
Indian Space Research Organisation
Dept. of Space, Govt. of India
#4 Kalidas Road, Dehradun
Uttarakhand 248001, India
Tel: +91 135 252 4130
Fax: +91 135 274 1987
e-mail: [email protected]
IIRS WEB Homepage: http://www.iirs.gov.in
Table of Contents 1. About Indian Institute of Remote Sensing ............................................................................................ 1
2. About EDUSAT ....................................................................................................................................... 2
3. EDUSAT Network .................................................................................................................................. 3
4. Why EDUSAT based training? ............................................................................................................... 4
5. Utilization of EDUSAT bandwidth by IIRS .............................................................................................. 5
6. Course Overview ................................................................................................................................... 7
7. CEC-UGC role in implementation of the program .............................................................................. 11
8. Initial Setup ......................................................................................................................................... 11
9. Online Learning Management System “TrainNet” ............................................................................. 12
10. Future Plan ...................................................................................................................................... 13
11. List of IIRS Faculty members involved (2007 – 2011) ..................................................................... 13
12. List of Guest Faculty members involved in EDUSAT Course (2007-2011) ..................................... 20
13. List of Participated Universities (2007 – 11) ................................................................................... 21
14. Feedback from the Universities ...................................................................................................... 26
15. Annexure 1: Total Number of Participants in EDUSAT Course (Till 2010) ...................................... 29
16. Annexure 2: Abbreviations ............................................................................................................. 32
Table of Figures and Tables Figure 1 - Development & Launch of EDUSAT .............................................................................................. 2
Figure 2 - Regional Beams & National Beam ................................................................................................ 2
Figure 3 : Potential Uses of EDUSAT ............................................................................................................. 3
Figure 4 : Total Number of Participants in 5 years ....................................................................................... 5
Table 1 : IIRS - EDUSAT Summary of Courses till 2011 .................................................................................. 6
Table 2: IIRS EDUSAT Course Curriculum ...................................................................................................... 7
Table 3: EDUSAT Advance Course Curriculum .............................................................................................. 8
Table 4: List of Faculty of EDUSAT Basic Course ......................................................................................... 13
Table 5: List of Guest Faculty of EDUSAT Course ........................................................................................ 20
Table 6: Participant Universities ................................................................................................................. 21
Table 7: Total Number of EDUSAT Course Participants .............................................................................. 29
Table 8: Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................ 32
1
EDUSAT Distance Learning Program
Basics of Remote Sensing, Geographical Information
System & Global Positioning System
1. About Indian Institute of Remote Sensing
Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (Indian Space Research Organization, Department of Space,
Government of India) is a premier training and education institute dealing with Remote Sensing,
Geoinformation Science & GPS Technology and their Applications. Since April 30, 2011IIRS
has become a unit of ISRO. IIRS endeavor has been to train thematic experts from user
community including academic institutions in Remote Sensing(RS) & Geographical Information
System(GIS) technology/applications at Post Graduate level with the overall goal of ‗technology
transfer‘ and user awareness. The Institute has evolved many programs which are tuned to the
different needs of various target groups.
IIRS conducts a variety of courses for the different categories of users including fresh
postgraduate students viz., M. Tech., M.Sc., PG Diploma Courses, 4 months Certificate Courses,
2 months NNRMS sponsored courses for University Faculty, 2 weeks on demand Special
Courses and 1 week duration Overview Course for Decision Makers.
IIRS has trained more than 7800 scientists/engineers including 725 foreign students from various
countries of Asia and Africa. The participants from African nations have also benefited under
SHARES Fellowship Program of the Department of Space, ITEC/SCAAP Fellowship Scheme of
the Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India, and other Fellowship Schemes etc. In
addition, IIRS houses state of the art infrastructure facilities for both RS and GIS. It has
experienced and internationally known teaching faculty with specialization in RS & GIS
Technology and its applications. IIRS is the host institute as well as, headquarters for the Centre
for Space Science and Technology Education for Asia and Pacific (CSSTE-AP) region under
United Nations. It is first of its kind established in the region and conducts regular postgraduate
and short courses in Remote Sensing and GIS every year since 1996.
It should be noted that, IIRS has been recognized by National Natural Resources Management
System (NNRMS) to conduct specialized courses for the duration of 8 weeks every year for
University faculty at Postgraduate level so that they are able to impart education on specific
subjects on Remote Sensing and GIS in their area of specialization and/or start new programs
like M. Tech/ M. Sc/ Postgraduate diploma with emphasis on RS & GIS application in their
institutions. IIRS has trained more than 575 University faculty spread all over India. Many
universities have been benefited from the IIRS training programs and have started RS & GIS
courses at postgraduate level with institutional support from IIRS.
2
2. About EDUSAT
EDUSAT is the first Indian satellite built
exclusively for serving the educational sector and
was launched successfully by GSLV-F01 on 20-
9-2004 (Figure 1: Development & Launch of
EDUSAT). It is mainly intended to meet the
demand for an interactive satellite based distance
education system for the country. It strongly
reflects India‘s commitment to use space
technology for national development, especially
for the development of the population in remote
and rural locations. The 1950 kg EDUSAT was
launched from Satish Dhawan Space Centre
(SDSC) SHAR, Sriharikota, into a
Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) by
ISRO‘s Geosynchronous Satellite Launch
Vehicle (GSLV).
The satellite is co-located with KALPANA-1
and INSAT-3C satellites at 74 deg East
longitude. Compared to the satellites launched in
the INSAT series so far, EDUSAT has several
new technologies. The spacecraft is built around
a standardized spacecraft bus called I-2K. It has
a multiple spot beam antenna with 1.2 m
reflector to direct the Ku band spot beams
precisely towards their intended regions of
India, a dual core bent heat pipe for thermal
control, high efficiency multi-junction solar
cells and an improved thruster configuration for
optimized propellant use for orbit and
orientation maintenance. The satellite uses
radiatively cooled Ku band Traveling Wave
Tube Amplifiers (TWTAs) and dielectrically loaded C-band Demultiplexer for its
communication payloads. EDUSAT carries five Ku-band transponders providing spot beams,
one Ku-band transponder providing a national beam and six Extended C-band transponders with
national coverage beam (Figure 2: Regional Beams & National Beams). (http://www.isro.gov.in)
The 5th
& 6th
courses conducted by IIRS were using the INSAT 4CR satellite.
Figure 1 - Development & Launch of EDUSAT
Figure 2 - Regional Beams & National Beam
3
3. EDUSAT Network
In the first phase of pilot projects, a Ku-band
transponder on-board INSAT-3B, already in orbit, was
used. In this phase, Visveswaraiah Technological
University (VTU) in Karnataka, Y B Chavan State
Open University in Maharashtra and Rajiv Gandhi
Technical University in Madhya Pradesh were
covered. In the second phase, EDUSAT is being used
in a semi-operational mode and at least one uplink in
each of the five spot beams will be commissioned.
About 100-200 classrooms will be connected in each
beam. Coverage will be extended to the whole of India
through spot beams and the Ku-band national beam
will also be used to connect a few national institutions. The Hub for National Beam has been
established at Ahmedabad.
The National Beam is planned to be used for:
Indira Gandhi National Open University —100 terminals across the country and another
20 terminals in the North East for teachers‘ training.
National Council for Educational Research and Training — 100 terminals for Secondary
and Higher Secondary Education and Teachers Training.
Indian Institutes of Technology at Kharagpur and Chennai — 70 and 5 terminals
respectively
Institute of Electronics and Tele-communication Engineers — 18
DST/National Council of Science Museums — 25
Centre for Environmental Education — 5
Regional Beams of EDUSAT were planned to be as follows:
Southern Beam: Anna University, Chennai (260 nodes), Annamalai University, Chennai
(57 nodes), Gandhigram Rural Institute, Dindigal(90 nodes), Bharathidasan University,
Tiruchirapalli (22 nodes),Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, Tamilnadu (442 nodes)
Western Beam: Gujarat Government, Department of Education (148 nodes), Maharashtra
Knowledge Corporation Ltd (50 nodes), July 2005 Depar tment of Higher Education, MP
(50 nodes), Tribal Development, MP (50 nodes), BITS, Pilani (20 nodes), Technical
Education Board, Rajasthan (91 nodes) and Blind People‘s Association, Ahmedabad (25
nodes)
Northern Beam: State Institute of Educational Technology (67 nodes), Guru Nanak Dev
Figure 3 : Potential Uses of EDUSAT
4
University (GNDU), Amritsar (40 nodes), Tapar Institute of Engineering and
Technology, Patiala 10 nodes), Department of Training and Technical Education,New
Delhi (40 nodes), UP Rajashri Tandon Open University, Allahabad (55 nodes)
Eastern Beam: West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata (40 nodes), Vidyasagar
University, Midnapore, West Bengal (10 nodes), Netaji Subhas Open University, Kolkata
(90 nodes), Jarkhand Education Project Council, Ranchi (192 nodes)
North-Eastern Beam: Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat (18 nodes), Arunachal
University, Itanagar (13 nodes), Manipur University, Imphal (200 nodes), Nagaland
University, Kohima (10 nodes), Sikkim Government Law College, Gangtok (20 nodes)
The IIRS EDUSAT based program is broadcast on the National beam covering all
universities within the geographical bounds of Indian sub continent.
4. Why EDUSAT based training?
Contact based training though advantageous and beneficial, is not always possible for many to
attend due to time limitations, financial constraints and importantly day-to-day commitments at
work place. There are many types of training courses, which can be attended from a distance
with different types of technology and tools. The first among them is the distance education
(correspondence courses) supported either with or without study centers. The next one is
―Internet based courses‖ replacing the conventional correspondence courses. The advanced type
of courses are ―e-learning‖ where the student can avail the content of the course through the
internet, stream the lectures using the internet and have interaction with teachers on a specified
date. They can be provided with FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) and quiz materials for easy
learning. The students can appear for examinations on a specified date and location.
The EDUSAT based training also follows more or less e-learning method and provides direct
interaction with the teacher/expert when the lecture is delivered using EDUSAT satellite
communication. It is advantageous because of its good quality reception and interactions are not
constrained due to bandwidth problems of Internet.
5
5. Utilization of EDUSAT bandwidth by IIRS
The use of Remote Sensing (RS), Geographic Information System (GIS), Global Positioning
System (GPS) and associated geo-spatial technologies is increasing rapidly, creating an urgent
demand for trained manpower. IIRS proposes to utilize the EDUSAT facility to strengthen
institutions by sharing IIRS faculty expertise in running Geoinformatics programs, train students
at undergraduate / postgraduate level at institutions that have established Geoinformatics facility
with the funding support from NNRMS and other institutions/organizations that regularly
approach IIRS for Geoinformatics expertise.
Under the EDUSAT training program,
IIRS has established its own Teaching
end Studio and Uplinking facility in
the campus under national beam
coverage of EDUSAT and link with
the users. The First training course
was conducted for 12
universities/institutions on ―Basics of
Remote Sensing, Geographical
Information System and Global
Positioning System‖ for 6 weeks
duration during January 29 – 09 April
2007 with participation of 349 students
registered for this course. In the
second course the number of universities rose to 22. It was conducted during September 19 –
December 3, 2007 and 931 participants benefitted from the course over the years 2008, 2009 and
2010, 3 more courses were conducted with participation of around 4000 students from 50 Indian
Universities as indicated in Table 1and Figure 4.
Viewing the increasing demand for specialized courses, a 6th
EDUSAT based course on
―Advances in Geoinformatics‖ was organized from 14th
Feb to 9th
March, 2011 in which 13
universities participated.
Figure 4 : Total Number of Participants in 5 years
6
Table 1 : IIRS - EDUSAT Summary of Courses till 2011
EDUSAT Course Summary
First Course
Second
Course
Third
Course
Fourth
Course Fifth Course Sixth Course Total
No. of Lecture Hrs. 45 34 36 35.3 41.1 10 201.4
Hrs. of Interactive
Session 15 17.5 18 12 10.2 3 75.7
Total Hrs 60 51.5 54 47.3 51.3 13 277.1
Total No. of
Participants 349 931 915 931 982 179 4287
Total Universities
Participated 12 22 40 48 26 10 55
Total Universities
Interacted 9 18 25 20 13 6
Course Duration 29Jan07-
9Apr07
19Sep07-
03Dec07
25Aug08-
20Nov08
12Aug09-
30Oct09
4Oct10-
9Dec10
14Feb11-
9Mar11
7
6. Course Overview
Course Structure and Curriculum
The training course on ―Remote Sensing, Geographical Information System and Global
Positioning System‖ for university students is structured into four modules as detailed below:
Module 1 Remote Sensing & Digital Image Processing 2 Weeks
Module 2 Global Positioning System 1 Week
Module 3 Geographical Information Systems 2 Weeks
Module 4 Applications and advances 1 Week
Total 6 Weeks
The details of course curriculum for basic course for each topic is given in the following table: Table 2: IIRS EDUSAT Course Curriculum
S.No. Course Curriculum Duration
1
Remote sensing
Principles of Remote Sensing
Platforms and sensors
Thermal Remote Sensing
Microwave Remote Sensing
Spectral Signature properties of Soil, Water and
Vegetation
Atmospheric interactions of EMR
Elements of Interpretation
Indian Remote Sensing Satellite programs
Satellite data reception, products generation and ordering
procedures
Digital image analysis
Pre-processing, enhancement techniques and
Classification
algorithms(Supervised and Unsupervised)
2 Weeks
Total 21 hrs
Lectures – 9 hrs;
Interaction / Discussion –
8 hrs i.e., 30 minutes each
after one hour lecture
Demonstration / hands
on – 4 hrs, i.e. 30 min
each after one hour
practical demonstration
and discussion
2
Global Positioning System
Overview of GPS/other Navigation System Signals,
constellation and
functionality
Navigation Principles, code and carrier wave
measurements
GPS Errors
Principles of Differential GPS
Surveying Methods and integration with GIS themes
Application case studies
Comparison of different navigation systems
1 Week
Total 6 hrs
Lectures – 2 hrs;
Interaction /
Discussion – 2 hr i.e. 30
Minute each after one
hour lecture
Demonstration / hands
on - 2 hr, i.e. 30 Minute
each after one hour l
demonstration and
discussion
8
The course curriculum of advance course is as given below:
Table 3: EDUSAT Advance Course Curriculum
1. Advances in Geoinformatics
Indian Space Program- Present & Future
Earth Observation & Geoinformatics Technological
Trends
Spatial Databases
Geo Data Modelling
Programming & GIS Customization
Web GIS
Mobile Mapping
3D GIS & Visualisation
Tele Matics & Transportation Systems
Spatial Decision Support System
Open Source GIS(OSGEO Live Demonstration)
4 weeks
Total 15hrs
3
Geographical Information System
Overview of GIS
Spatial Data Models (Vector and Raster Models)
Data formats and structures
Non-Spatial data models (Hierarchical, Network and
RDBMS data
models)
Inputting, editing and topology creation
Hardware and Software requirements for GIS
Coordinate systems, Datum and Projections
Spatial Analysis (Vector as well as Raster)
Digital Elevation Models and applications
Network analysis
Web resources for GIS
2 Weeks
Total 21 hrs
Lectures – 9 hrs;
Interaction / Discussion –8 hrs
i.e., 30 minutes each
after one hour lecture
Demonstration / hands
on – 4 hrs, i.e. 30 min
each after one hour
practical demonstration
and discussion
4
RS and GIS Applications
Operational Remote Sensing Applications in India.
Agriculture– Total area and crop type, yield forecasting,
Agrometeorology.
Soil survey and Mapping, Land evaluation and Soil
Conservation
Planning.
Forest Inventory, Ecosystem analysis & Biodiversity
characterization and
management.
Geology and Geomorphology, Hydrogeology &
Engineering Geology with emphasis on Landslide
Studies.
1 Week
Total 12 hrs
Lectures – 8 hrs;
Interaction /
Discussion – 4 hr i.e. 30
Minute each after one
hour lecture
9
Course curriculum is under constant revision. Further changes in the course curriculum are
underway. Newer concepts and newer ideas are being thought of being taught for the benefit of
the student/user community.
Who can attend the training?
The registered students who are undergoing final year undergraduate/ postgraduate courses are
entitled to apply for the training program. Their applications have to be duly sponsored by the
respective university/institute/college and forwarded through coordinators from the respective
centers. Accommodation of individuals is not entertained.
To benefit a wider audience, full time faculty and research /Ph.D scholars may also be registered
on case to case basis.
Registration of participants
The eligible candidates need to apply for the course well in advance through the resource
faculty/focal point at one of the university/institute that is identified to receive the training
program. Candidates are advised to visit the IIRS website (http://www.iirs.gov.in/) for updated
information on how to apply for the course. Fourth course onwards an online registration system
was introduced, which allowed paper-less registration for the EDUSAT course. Participants have
to login to IIRS EDUSAT registration and register against their university. The computerized list
will be send to the university coordinators for approval.
Course fee involved
There is no fee for this course. University / institution involved to conduct the course may charge
the students to recover the operational expenses, if required. IIRS does not play a role in this
connection.
Award of certificates
IIRS will award certificates to the registered candidates who successfully complete the training
program, in person at the institute or will be dispatched to the individuals. The participants
should meet the minimum attendance and marks required to be awarded the certificate. The
University/Institution /College Coordinators will be responsible to complete the required
formalities in this regard.
10
MOU requirements to avail the EDUSAT based training program
The participating Universities / Institutions are required to confirm their participation in this
program and agree to the following broad terms and conditions:
University/Institute shall support its own EDUSAT classroom facility for the planned
training.
University/Institute shall meet the financial requirements on its own for the expenditure
incurred on the training at their place.
Identified focal point at the University/Institute shall coordinate the day-to-day activity
requirements of the planned training program.
University/Institute will be responsible for arranging the EDUSAT classroom for the
schedule training program, registering students for the training, attendance of the students
and taking care of all needs, as and when required.
Institute/University coordinator shall collect feedback at the end of each module for
improvements to me made in future courses.
Attendance and Grading FAQ’s
Q: How much attendance in required from a student joining the course?
A: 75% Totally for 4 modules.
Q: Should it be counted for each module separately or in total?
A: 60% for each module and 75% in total.
Q: If someone joined late, his/her attendance be counted from the date of joining?
A: No. The basic criterion is that the attendance is being monitored and reported from the
beginning of the course.
Q: What is percentage of marks to qualify for the certificate?
A: 40%
Q: Should it be calculated for individual module or all the modules in aggregate?
A: Individual modules.
Q: One-half of the marks can be rounded up to one mark or should remain as such?
A: In the evaluation of a complete paper if the participant achieves one-half marks in the total, it
may be rounded up to one mark.
Feedback mechanism
A feedback mechanism is planned in which the students and all others concerned are advised to
give their feedback at any time during the course. A feedback form through IIRS website can be
utilized to send the feedbacks to the coordinator of the EDUSAT program. A formal feedback
11
will be obtained from all the participants by the respective University coordinator, on completion
of the course and will be utilized for improving the future courses.
Workshop on “Experience/Feedback of EDUSAT Program”
A workshop may be held at the end of each course in order to assess various aspects, such as,
meeting the overall objective of the course, course content, and lecture delivery, completion of
practical, regular interactive sessions, online quiz and assessment procedures and plan for the
future training courses. It can be organized at IIRS or at any one of the participating universities /
institutions.
Sponsorship of the program
National Natural Resources Management System (NNRMS), Department of Space (DOS) has
sponsored the training program, for conducting it at IIRS.
Contact person at IIRS
The total project is divided into three parts: Initiation, setting-up the EDUSAT teaching end,
Classrooms at universities, and implementation using the facilities. Shri P.L.N. Raju, Head
Geoinformatics Division has been identified as the Project Manager with overall responsibilities
of the EDUSAT based Training Program. He will be assisted by Shri Prasun Kumar Gupta,
Scientist/Engr. ―SC‖, Geoinformatics Division, IIRS in up-gradation and standardization of
services under EDUSAT.
7. CEC-UGC role in implementation of the program
EDUSAT is the first satellite designed, developed and launched solely for education, as a joint
initiative of ISRO and MHRD (Ministry of Human Resource Department). It is intended to
provide interactive satellite based higher education at country level, to be implemented by
IGNOU, AICTE, ICAR, NCERT and UGC. IIRS will be utilizing UGC network through CEC
(Consortium for Educational Communication), for the identified institutions and universities.
Most of these institutions have already established SITs (Satellite Interactive Terminals) required
for the proposed training. CEC will be providing the required slot of time for conducting the
program on the national beam.
8. Initial Setup
The EDUSAT based course was implemented in three phases over a period of three years (2007-
2009). The implementation plan envisaged at the beginning of the program constituted of one
phase a year. It began by identifying universities/institutions, formulation of the syllabus and
setting up of a teaching studio at IIRS. The program was an instant success as soon as it went on
air. The workshop at the end of the program gave valuable feedback. The second phase
constituted to upgrading the course curriculum and expanding the list of participating
12
universities/institutions. The final phase dealt with finalizing the course curriculum and
finalizing the set up to run an IIRS certificate program on yearly basis.
9. Online Learning Management System “TrainNet”
Till the 5th EDUSAT based course conducted by IIRS, open source video streaming software
―VLC‖ was used to transmit the instructional content. In this process, the slides of the lectures
were down converted to SD (Standard Definition) video resolution (640 pixels X 480 lines),
often leading to drastic loss in clarity of lecture content. Combined with unmanaged satellite
bandwidth, the output at student‘s end took a major toll on the audio and video quality received
especially during bad weather and heavy rains.
Problems such as interrupted learning, deterioration in student interest and incomplete
knowledge transfer were highlighted multiple times in the feedback received after the course and
during the workshops.
DECU/SAC Ahmedabad took the decision to implementation an online Learning Management
System called ―TrainNet‖ teacher/student software at all teaching/classroom ends across India on
the EDUSAT National Beam.
IIRS EDUSAT implemented the software and ran a one month program (on trial basis) to
evaluate the capabilities of the new software and also introduce it to the teaching faculty.
The TrainNet system is comprised of a suite of powerful software applications for delivery of
instructional and informational content. With TrainNet, the teacher can not only present the
content through a variety of channels, but also interact directly with the students in real time.
The control console, i.e, the Teacher application of TrainNet software is part of an interactive,
collaborative learning experience. Live feedback from the students makes the lesson more
dynamic and more effective. On the teacher‘s side, the presentation includes any or all of the
following elements:
• Live video and audio
• Slides prepared by the Course Builder application
• Live whiteboard.
• Live text chat
• Exchange of files or messages via e-mail
• Quizzes, either prepared in advance or on the spot
• Instant feedback of quiz results
In addition, the teacher has the power to control certain aspects of the operation of the students‘
own PCs in order to manage the environment of the virtual classroom, such as during a quiz.
These features include:
• Opening or closing applications residing on the students‘ PCs
• Changing the size of the video display containing the live feed from the studio
• Activating or deactivating part of the students‘ feedback interface, including mouse and
keyboard.
It was found that with efficient bandwidth management and better quality content being
transmitted to the students, TrainNet has better potential in delivering video based educational
content through the satellite medium.
13
10. Future Plan
After successful completion of EDUSAT implementation at IIRS, it is now planned to reach out
to maximum number of universities. To expand its operations, IIRS EDUSAT also plans to
implement internet based courses so as to cater to working professional and part time students.
11. List of IIRS Faculty members involved (2007 – 2011)
Table 4: List of Faculty of EDUSAT Basic Course
S. No.
Photo
Name; Designation and Department; Area Of Specialization; Contact Details
I. Remote Sensing Module
1
Dr. P. S. Roy
Director IIRS and Director CSSTEAP
Satellite Remote Sensing, Geo-Information Science and Technology
0135-2524101
2
Ms. Shefali Agrawal
Head, Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing Division(PRSD)
Remote Sensing, Image Analysis & Satellite Photogrammetry and
LIDAR data proccessing
0135-2524112
3
Ms. Minakshi Kumar
Scientist/Engr. ‘SE’,PRSD
Image Processing & Remote Sensing
0135-2524116
4
Ms. Heena Pande
Scientist/Engr. 'SD',PRSD
Photogrammetry and Image Analysis
0135-2524117
14
5
Ms. Poonam Seth Tiwari
Scientist/Engr. 'SE', PRSD
Photogrammetry and Image Processing
0135-2524117
6
Dr. Yogesh Kant
Scientist/Engr. ‘SE’, Marine & Atmospheric Science Division
RS application to studies in land surface processes RS & GIS
application to Environmental Physics, Studies in Aerosol
Characterization
0135-2524228
7
Shri Shashi Kumar
Scientist/Engr. ‘SC’, Geoinformatics Division
Microwave Remote Sensing, Modelling
0135-2524132
15
II. GPS Module
1
Shri P. L. N. Raju
Head, Geoinformatics Division
Geoinformatics, 3D visualization, Spatial Data Infrastructure and RS
policies
0135-2524123
2
Shri Ashutosh Bhardwaj
Scientist/Engr. 'SE',PRSD
Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing, GPS, LIDAR
0135-2524166
3
Dr. B. D. Bharath
Scientist/Engr. 'SE',HUSAG
Architecture and town planning
0135-2524191
16
III. GIS Module
1
Shri P.L .N. Raju
Head, Geoinformatics Division
Geoinformatics, 3D visualization, Spatial Data Infrastructure and RS
policies
0135-2524123
2
Dr. Ram Mohan Rao
Scientist/Engr. ‘SD’, Geoinformatics Division
DBMS, Internet GIS & Security Challenges
0135-2524129
3
Dr. Sameer Saran
Scientist/Engr. ‘SE’, Geoinformatics Division
Decision Support System, RDBMS,GIS
0135-2524128
4
Shri P. K. Gupta
Scientist/Engr. ‘SC’, Geoinformatics Division
Programming and application development, open source and modeling
0135-2524125
5
Ms. Vandita Srivastava
Scientist/Engr. ‘SE’, Geoinformatics Division,
Image Processing,Spatial analysis and Modeling, Information
Extraction
0135- 2524127
17
IV. RS & GIS Application
1
Dr. S.K. Saha
Head ,Agriculture and Soils Division
Agricultural Remote Sensing
0135- 2524337
2
Dr. P. K. Champati Ray
Head, Geosciences Division
Mathematical Geology, Geological hazards and data processing
0135-2524156
3
Ms. Sadhana Jain
Scientist/Engr. ‘SE’, HUSAG
Architecture and Town Planning
0135-2524190
4
Dr. S.P. Agarwal
Head, Water Resources Division
Hydrological Modelling and Watershed management
0135-2524162
5
Dr. D. Mitra
Head, Marine & Atmospheric Sciences Division
Geomorphology and Coastal Management
0135-2524181
6
Dr. S.P.S. Kushwaha
Head, Forestry & Ecology Division
Forest Remote Sensing and Ecology
0135 – 2524170
18
7
Dr. M. C. Porwal
Scientist ‘SG’ & Programme Coordinator(Academic) Office/ Forestry
& Ecology Division (Adjunct Faculty)
Forest Resources Analysis, Biodiversity, Geoinformatics
0135 – 2524173
8
Dr. Sarnam Singh
Scientist/Engr. 'SG', Forestry & Ecology Division
Biodiversity
0135 – 2524174
9
Dr. Suresh Kumar
Scientist/Engr. 'SF', Agriculture & Soil Division
Soil Survey & Land Evaluation, Soil Erosion Modeling, Watershed
Management
0135-2524137
10
Dr. N.R. Patel
Scientist/Engr. 'SE', Agriculture & Soil Division
Agro meteorology
0135-2524138
11
Shri I. C. Das
Scientist/Engr. ‘SE’, Geosciences Division
Geological Remote Sensing, Landslide & Ground Water
0135-2524155
12
Dr. Sandeep Maithani
Scientist/Engr. 'SE', HUSAG
Civil Engineering and town planning
0135-2524189
19
13
Shri Praveen Thakur
Scientist/Engr. 'SD', Water Resources Division
Civil Engineering, Hydrological Modelling, Planetary Research
0135-2524166
20
12. List of Guest Faculty members involved in EDUSAT Course
(2007-2011)
Table 5: List of Guest Faculty of EDUSAT Course
1
Dr. K. Radhakrishnan
Chairman, Indian Space Research Organisation, Chairman, Space
Commission,Secretary, Department of Space, Government of India
Space Technology, applications and space program Management.
2
Dr. George Joseph
Former- Director , CSSTEAP & Former- Director SAC
Remote Sensing, Sensors
3
Dr. V. Jayaraman
Former Director , National Remote Sensing Centre
Spacecraft Systems engineering, applications development and
policy/regulatory frameworks
4
Dr. P. S. Roy
Director IIRS and Director CSSTEAP
Satellite Remote Sensing, Geo-Information Science and Technology
0135-2524101
5
Dr. V.K.Dadhwal
Outstanding Scientist & Director, National Remote Sensing Centre
(NRSC)
Crop Modelling, Remote Sensing Applications in Agriculture,
Terrestrial Carbon Cycle, Land Cover Land Use Change Modelling ,
Land Surface Process
21
6
Dr. M.J. Kark
Chairman of the Department of Geo-Information Processing, ITC, The
Netherlands
Geoinformation Processing,Geovisualisation
+31 (0)53 4874463
7
Maj Gen(Dr)B Nagrajan
Additional Suveyor General, Indian Institute of Surveying &
mapping, SOI Hyderabad
Cartography and Map projection
040-27201181
8
Dr. R. Nagaraja
Group Director, NRSC Data Centre
Satellite Data Products, Acquisition & Processing
9
Dr. K.S. Rajan
Head, lab for Spatial Informatics, Associate Prof., IIIT, Hyderabad
Application of GIS & Remote Sensing to Sustainable Environmental
Issues
040- 6653 1000 Ext: 1276
10
Dr. R. D. Garg
Assistant Professor, IIT Roorkee
RS, GIS, DIP Surveying, GPS, SAR Interferometry
01332-28583
13. List of Participated Universities (2007 – 11)
Table 6: Participant Universities
S.No Universities
Coordinator
Contact Details
1 Pune University
Prof. B.C.Vaidya/
Meenakshi Gadekar
(O) :020-25693370
22
2 NIT Warangal
Dr. Deva Pratap
09848573005
3 Sagar University Dr. R.K. Rawat
(M) : 09425655335
(O) : 0758-2265441
4 Banasthali University
Ms. Archana Mangal
(M) : 09352322054
(O): 01438-228648,228647
(R) : 01438- 228573
5 Kashmir University
Dr. Feroz Dar
(M) : 09797215426
.in
6 Jamia Milia Islamia
Dr. S.M. Rashid/
Dr. Masood Siddiqui
(M) : 09891460383
(M):09990948270(Dr.
Masood)
7 JNU
Dr. Milap Punia
(M) : 09968340401
(O) : 011-26704196,
26704531
8
BIT Ranchi
Dr. M.S. Nathawat/
Mr. Nitish
(M) : 09431107292
(O) : 0651- 2276003
(M) : 09234731457(Nitish)
9
HNB University
Prof. C.M. Sharma
(M) : 9412079937
(O) : 01346- 252055
10
IIT Roorkee
Dr. R.D. Garg
(M) : 9412954222
11
MKU
Dr. P. Ilangovan
(M) : 09442643430
(O) : 0452-2458471 ext 245,
0452-2458257
12
Thanjavar University
13
Anna University
Dr. S. Sanjeevi (M) : 09444782949(O) : 044-
22203311
.uk
14 Ajmer University
Dr. Sarvesh Palria
(M) : 09414555898
(O) : 0145-2788144
15 PSG College Mr. Ranganathan (M) : 09843847072
23
(O) : 0422-4397123, 4397901
16
Gauhati University
Dr. Shyamanta
Chakraborty
(M) : 0985997618
(O):0361-2570599
17 EMMRC
Ahmedabad, Gujarat
University
Dr. Dinesh Goswami
(M) : 09909911419
(O) : 079-
40262414,40262400,
26302409, 26309278
18
CEPT University
Prof. Anjana Vyas/
Darshana Rawal
(M) : 09825522844
(O) : 079- 26302470 (Ext.
132) [email protected]
[email protected] 19 MG Science Inst.
20 University of Madras
Dr.V.Madha Suresh/
Dr. G. Bhaskeran
(M) : 09444205566
(M) : 09444414688(Dr.
Bhaskeran)
21 Barmulla University Mr. Tariq A. Chalkoo (M) : 09419044980
22 Jammu University Dr.Avtar Singh
Jasrotia
(M) : 09419133793
23 Shivaji University Shri. S.S. Panhalkar (M) : 09011774456
(O) : 0231-2699194
24
Tripura University Dr. Nibedita Das (M) : 09436134923
(O) : 0381-2375330
m
25 Rajiv Gandhi University
Prof Ramesh Chandra
Joshi
Dean
Office : 0360-2277322
Res. : 0360-2277283
26 Bharathiar University (O):0422-2422222,2422321,
2422234
24
27 HARSAC, Hissar
Dr. K.E. Mothi
Kumar
(M) : 09416288045
(O) : 01662-231045
28 Guru Jambeshwar
University
29 Guru Nanak Khalsa College
30 Kurukshetra University
Mrs. Rajeshwari
(M) : 09255150770
om,
31 Jharkhand Space
Application Center
Dr. A.T. Jeyaseelan/
Dr. Neeraj Kumar
Sharma
(M) : 09430357742 ,
09431114145
(O) : 0651-2401719
ov.in
(O) : 0651 – 2401719
(M) : 09431574367 (Dr. NK
Mishra)
32 ASC College, RTM
Nagpur University
Shri Y.D. Khare
(O) : 0712-2546637, 2522456
Fax No: 2532841, 2500736
33 Jadavpur University
Shri Anirban
Mukhopadhyay
(M) : 09831432302
34 ADM College,
Nagapattinam
Mrs. R. Priscilla
(O) : 04365-249261, 249126
Fax No: 04365- 248096
35
Walchand College of
Engineering
Shri Suneel Vasant
Chikurde
(M) : 09890618430
36 IARI, Delhi
Dr. R.N. Sahoo/
Mrs. Kalpana Kamble
(M) : 09868206724
(M) : 09899179897(Kalpana)
(O) : 011-
25841178,25848853,2584301
4,
Fax: 011- 2584 2321
37 National Bureau of
plant genetic
Resources, New Delhi
38 Indian agriculture
statistics research
institute, New Delhi
39 EMMRC Mysore
University
Prof. A.
Balasubramanian
(M) : 09449086819
(O) : 0821- 2419562
Fax No: 0821- 2419366
mysore.ac.in
40 Presidency College
Ms. Gour Gopal Ray
(M) : 09231580079
25
41 Panjab University,
Chandigarh
Prof. Surya Kant
(O) : 0172-2534258, 2534268
(M) : 09814666492
Fax No : 0172 – 2727714
42
Banaras Hindu
University
Dr. Sanjay Kumar
Tiwari
(O) : 0542 – 2369460,
2307135
(M) : 9453038452
Fax No : 0542 – 2369460
43 Forest Research Institute Shri Amit Asthana/
Dr. S.D Sharma
(Coordinator)
(M) : 9410153241 (Amit
Asthana)
(M) : 9412059308 (SD
Sharma)
44 Delhi University (Kirorimal
College)
Dr. Seema M. Parihar
(M) : 09810333191
(O) : 0120-27662812
(R) : 0120-2606829
E-Mail:
45 Mizoram University
Shri. C Lalnuntlunga
(M) : 09862555802
(O) : 0389- 2330109
46 Tezpur University,
Napaam, Assam
Shri S.I. Singh (O) : 03712-267109
(M) : 09435381365
Fax No :91-3712-267114
47 Manipur University
Dr. Arun Kumar
(M) : 09862027955
(O) : 0385- 2435173
48
Sikkim Government
College
Shri. Rabin Chhetri
(Dept. of Physics)
(O) : 03592 – 231917
(M) : 09434203584,
09832315981
49
Assam University,
Silchar
Dr. Angshu Maan
Sen
(O) : 03842-270826
(R) : 03842-234740,
(M) : 09435700730
Fax No: 03842 – 270802,
270849
50 Amrita Vishwa
Vidyapeetham Univ.,
Coimbatore
Dr. Geetha P
(O) : 0422-2656422/ 2422
(M) : 09843060402
26
51 Guru Ghasidas University Prof. M.S.K. Khokhar (M) 09425541789
52 Allahabad University Prof. Alok Dubey
(O) : 0532 – 2501560
9415316745
53 MP Cost(Madhya Pradesh
Council of Science &
Technology)
Dr. A.K. Arya/
Shailendra Dabi
09981453795 (M)
09893639875
54 SPChowgule
College (Chowgule College of
Arts and Science), Goa
Shri. Akshay Agashe 09921499459
55 University of Rajsthan Seema Jalan [email protected]
14. Feedback from the Universities
In2007, 2009 and2010, three workshops have been conducted to gather feedback from
participating universities and there by conduct the future courses with improvements. The
feedback received from 2nd
& 3rd
workshop participants is as given below:
Second EDUSAT Workshop Feedback
After 3 successful broadcasts of the program all the participating universities and new
universities expressed their desire to continue their affiliation with the IIRS EDUSAT training
courses in the future. There were suggestions to present the lectures/presentations in multi
lingual mode, if possible. It was communicated clearly by all participants that the EDUSAT
program is very beneficial as the participants are exposed to National level operational activity in
RS & GIS. A national level calendar for IIRS EDUSAT Program needs to be worked out and
mandatory UGC guidelines have to be made for participation in EDUSAT programs. The
success and effectiveness of this program was demonstrated when the request to run the
EDUSAT training program twice in a year was expressed in unequivocal voice. Other points of
feedback included providing motivation/incentive for University Coordinator, further
standardizing the evaluation procedure for awarding certificates, compulsory attendance to all
registered participants and use of advanced technologies like pod casting for propagation of
EDUSAT training programs.
Feedback prior to 3rd EDUSAT Workshop
All the EDUSAT program participants expressed that it was a unique opportunity for them to be
interacting with eminent scientists of ISRO centers. The lecture content, presentations and
demonstrations was reported to be excellent. The method of teaching, interactions, quiz sessions
and examination formats was appreciated and liked by the student community. The problems
27
faced in the initial transmission/broadcast phases were numerous, and the same was reflected in
the statement from university coordinators. While the technology used in the transmission of
EDUSAT programs was still in its nascent phases, issues like unclear speech & video and
undecipherable text of presentations on projector/TV sets was faced by all. We also received
requests to extend the duration of courses, schedule the broadcasts keeping regional holidays in
mind, date formatting files and documents kept on FTP server directories, providing study
materials in advance and maintaining internet groups of participating students.
Feedback analysis of 3rd EDUSAT Workshop
Are the objectives of the course fulfilled?
Co-ordinator and students feel that the objective of the course is fulfilled.
Program organization and methods
Delivery system, content, inter activeness, relevance in Module I, II and three are rated
very good to good both by co-ordinators and students.
Duration of the course
Most of the co-ordinators feel the duration of the course is just short and some feels it is
short. Most of the students feel the duration is short.
Quality of reception of program transmission
Co-ordinators and students feel that the quality is good to very good
Technical difficulties faced in operation
Interruption of signals at times, occasional loss of clarity (both audio and video), problem
in recording the transmission, Discontinuity during rains, sometimes there is difficulties
in down linking in remote places.
Suggestions for new time slots of transmissions
Afternoon transmission is preferred by most of the co-ordinators (Preferred time
suggested 1600-1800 hrs).
Co-ordinator opinion
o Do the participants show interest in the program?
Yes, very much
o Are the participants able to assimilate the contents?
Most of them feel it is ―yes‖, some of them feel ―not so much‖ but the lecture
material is good for understanding the contents. Some one feels that the
interaction time after lecture should be increased to 30-40 minutes.
Students Opinion
o Whether the co-ordination/organization of the program at respective centres ok?
Yes, Good to very Good
o How to improve the program organization?
By improving the participants and lectures interactions.
More time to applications may given then theory.
Lectures should be more illustrative with examples.
Formation of a group mail id for the students and the co-ordinators for
improving the interactions.
Strengths
Learned and experienced resource persons.
Well written course material.
28
Students get another certificate apart from their regular course.
Weaknesses
Frequent changes in the transmission time.
Amount of content is more than the time available to assimilate.
Arrangement of practical classes in the students end to give more exposure on
software.
Interaction is less.
Timely distribution of certificates.
Reading material for third and fourth module not available completely.
Suggestions
Arrangement of repeat telecast.
Providing infrastructural and financing support.
Fixed time of transmission.
More interactions.
All questions and answers to be put in the website or to be provided in
hard/soft copies.
More emphasis on practical classes.
More ―Demos‖ in the module.
Honorarium to the university co-ordinators by the respective universities.
Upgrade the certificate program to PG Diploma program.
Course fee for maintenance and infrastructure.
Reading material to be available at the beginning of the module.
Transmission and related infrastructure to be improved.
29
15. Annexure 1: Total Number of Participants in EDUSAT Course (Till 2010)
Table 7: Total Number of EDUSAT Course Participants
S.No Name of University
No. of
Students
(1st
course)
No. of
Students
(2nd
course)
No. of
Students
(3rd
course)
No. of
Students
(4th
course)
No. of
Students
(5th
course)
No. of*
Students
(6th
course)
Grand
Total
1 Pune University 61 65 64 -- 62 -- 252
2 NIT Warangal 21 33 -- -- 18 -- 72
3 Sagar University 21 32 30 28 35 8 154
4 Banasthali University 62 14 139 05 8 2 230
5 Kashmir University 22 16 -- 20 -- -- 58
6 Jamia Milia Islamia 12 02 -- 20 86* -- 120
7 JNU 25 37 36 18 31* -- 147
8 BIT Ranchi -- 75 50 53 62* -- 240
9 HNB University -- 16 -- -- -- -- 16
10 IIT Roorkee -- 05 05 02 16 12 40
11 MKU 26 25 41 36 49 18 191
12 Thanjavar University -- 17 -- -- -- -- 17
13 Anna University 12 27 27 -- -- -- 66
14 Ajmer University -- 62 60 -- 15 -- 137
15 PSG College -- 108 31 -- -- -- 139
16 Gauhati University -- 49 29 02 9 -- 89
17 EMMRC Ahmedabad, Gujarat
University -- 06 113 28 -- -- 147
18 CEPT University -- 142 -- 121 -- -- 267
19 MG Science Insitute -- 06 -- -- -- -- 6
20 University of Madras -- 26 -- 18 -- -- 44
21 Baramulla University -- 40 -- 12 -- -- 52
22 Jammu University -- 52 -- 24 32 28 136
30
23 Shivaji University -- -- 102 -- 60 -- 162
24 Tripura University 14 -- -- -- -- -- 14
25 Rajiv Gandhi Univ. 14 -- 19 17 -- -- 50
26 Bharathiar University -- 11 -- -- -- -- 11
27 HARSAC, Hisar -- 05 18 14 38 28 103
28 Guru Jambeshwar Univ -- 10 -- -- -- -- 11
29 Guru Nanak Khalsa College -- 02 -- -- -- -- 2
30 Kurukshetra University -- 23 02 01 -- -- 26
31 Jharkhand Space Application Centre -- -- 08 03 6 17
32 Nagpur University -- 02 45 -- -- - 47
33 Jadavpur University -- -- 14 30 26 28 98
34 The New College, Kolhapur -- -- 02 -- -- -- 2
35 ADM College, Nagapattinam -- -- 43 -- -- - 43
36 Walchand College of Engineering -- -- 11 82 42 -- 135
37 IARI, Delhi -- -- 26 38 23 -- 87
38 National Bureau of plant genetic
resources, New Delhi -- -- -- -- -- -- 0
39 Indian Agriculture statistics
research institute, New Delhi 1 -- 1
40 EMMRC Mysore University 59 -- -- -- -- -- 60
41 Presidency College -- 23 -- -- -- -- 23
42 Panjab University -- -- -- 70 57 -- 127
43 BHU, Varanasi -- -- -- 45 63 -- 108
44 FRI , Dehradun -- -- -- 56 27 -- 83
45 Mizoram University -- -- -- 93 -- -- 93
46 Tezpur Univ.,Assam -- -- -- 11 -- -- 11
47 Manipur University -- -- -- 15 -- -- 15
48 Assam University, Silchar -- -- -- 10 24 -- 34
49 Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
University -- -- -- 33 78 -- 111
50 Delhi University -- -- -- 26 18* -- 44
51 Guru Ghasidas University -- -- -- -- 39 23 62
31
52 Allahabad University -- -- -- -- 22 -- 22
53 MP Cost (Madhya Pradesh Council
of Science & Technology) -- -- -- -- 20 30 50
54
SPChowgule
College (Chowgule College of Arts
and Science), Goa
-- -- -- -- 13 2 15
55 University of Rajsthan -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Total 349 931 915 931 982 179 4287
*Further details awaited
32
16. Annexure 2: Abbreviations
Table 8: Abbreviations
CEC Consortium for Educational Communication
CSSTE-AP Centre for Space Science and Technology Education in Asia Pacific
DOS Department of Space
GIS Geographical Information System
GPS Global Positioning System
IGNOU Indira Gandhi National Open University
IIRS Indian Institute of Remote Sensing
INSAT Indian National Satellite
ISRO Indian Space Research Organization
ITEC International Technical and Economic Cooperation
NITTTR NITTTR National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research
NNRMS National Natural Resources Management System
NRSC National Remote Sensing Centre
ROT Receive Only Terminal
SCAAP Special Commonwealth African Assistance Plan
SIT Satellite Interactive Terminal
UGC University Grants Commission
