IIPOC Q Bank

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Biomechanics-II

I. Essay: (3x10=30)1. Explain the biomechanics of Floor reaction orthosis2. Explain in detail the Biomechanics of Transfemoral prosthesis.3. Write an essay on gait deviations seen in transfemoral amputee and their causes.

II. Short answers: (8x5=40)1. Explain the screw home mechanism of anatomical knee joint.2. Write the biomechanical principles of 4-bar linkage polycentric prosthetic knee.3. Explain the terms “coxa vara and coxa valga” (Draw the diagrams)4. Explain the sagittal plane force system in thermoplastic KAFO that prevent the

flexion/ extension tendency of knee.5. What is kinematic chain and its type.6. Draw M-L force diagram in the stance phase of knee disarticulation prosthesis.7. In the given figure an individual exercising with a Delorme boot. The total weight of

the exercise equipment is 155 N. The distance fromthe knee centre to the line of action of the weight is 60 cm. find the moment of force tending to bend the knee

8. Write the biomechanical functions of patella.

III. Very short answers on: (10x3=30)1. Draw a neat diagram showing alignment of Canadian type hip disarticulation

prosthesis2. Define terms “cadence and Stride length”

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3. Define Antalgic and Waddling gait.4. Write in brief prescription principles for through knee prosthesis.5. What is free body diagram?6. Explain the causes for “Excessive knee flexion in Transtibial amputee” in between

heel strike to mid stance phase of gait.7. Define centre of gravity and its position in human body at anatomical position.8. Briefly explain the role of abductor mechanism in preventing pelvic drop towards the

unsupported side.9. Write notes on range of motion of hip joint.10. Explain any three temporal parameters of human gait.

Fundamentals of Electricity & Electronics

IV. Long answers: (3x10=30)1. Explain in detail about the conduction in intrinsic & extrinsic semiconductor.2. Explain operational amplifier and their ideal characteristics.3. Detail about the electronics measuring instruments.

V. Short answers: (8x5=40)1. Explain the resistor sensitive to strain and light2. Explain negative feedback & loop gain.3. Explain the architecture of Microprocessor.4. Find the total current,

5. What is transducer? Explain Photo-transducers in detail.6. Write notes on Electromyography and Myoelectricity.7. Write the description of 1φ & 3φ supply system and voltage involved.8. Explain in detail about transformer

VI. Very short answer on: (10x3=30)1. Define Ampere.2. What are the factors of Resistance?3. Define Ohm’s law.4. Write in brief types of myoelectrode.

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5. What is semiconductor?6. What is Sensors?7. Write any three safety procedure to be followed while servicing equipment.8. If the resistance of a 3.66 cm mangnin wire having 0.091 cm dia is 0.10 Ω, find out the

specific resistance. 9. How long does it take 50 μc of charge to pass a point in a circuit, If the current flow 15 mA.10 Explain Voltage series.

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Orthopaedics & Amputation Surgery

VII. Essay: (3x10=30)

1. Write about clubfoot and its pathoanatomy. Explain the conservative and nonconservative methods of management for clubfoot.

2. Define scoliosis. Write classification, assessment of scoliosis and orthotic management.

3. Classify dislocations. What are the treatment methods for congenital dislocation of hip?

VIII. Short answer on: (8x5=40)1. Explain Myositis ossification2. Write notes on tardy ulnar palsy.3. Define and explain the ankylosing spondylitis4. Explain the term prolapsed intervertebral disc and its pathology5. Explain tennis elbow and its causes.6. Explain the types of amputations.7. Explain the indications for amputation in detail.8. Explain torticollis.

IX. Very short answer on: (10x3=30)1. Explain why Disarticulation is preferred over the amputation through the shaft of

bone in childrens. 2. What is Osteointegration prosthesis?3. Write about ‘Van Nes rotation plasty’.4. Explain the radiological features of rickets.5. Write on neuropathic joint6. Explain plantar fasciitis.

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7. Explain on “trigger finger”.8. Explain swan neck deformity.9. How will you classify the congenital limb deficiency?10. Write briefly on carrying angle.

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Orthotics Science-II

X. Essay: (3x10=30)1. Define “Cerebral palsy” and discuss the orthotic management of Spastic diplegic

cerebral palsy child.2. Discuss the RGO with reference to its Design, Indication, types and working

principles.3. PC is 3- year old boy with spina bifida at the L3 level, mild hydrocephalus, and an IQ

of 90. During his first year he had four open-heart surgical procedures to correct congenital defect, and he could not be placed prone because of surgical incisions and drainage tubes. He developed head control at 27 months and independent circle sitting at 30 months. He can now creep reciprocally, pull to stand and is beginning to cruise along furniture. Develop a treatment plan and explain an appropriate orthosis for PC.

XI. Short answers: (8x5=40)1. Explain “Trilateral hip abduction orthosis”. (Draw a suitable diagram)2. Explain design, indications for” Cowboy brace” draw a neat labeled diagram.3. Explain Parapodium and its indications.4. Explain in brief A-frame orthosis. What are the advantages of using standing frames

by a paraplegic person?5. Discus the design, materials and indications for bilateral HKAFO.6. Explain about FRO and its Biomechanical principles.7. Write about “Perthes disease and its orthosis use”.8. What is Craig-Scott KAFO ( Draw a diagram)

XII. Very short answers on: (10x3=30)1. What is Spina bifida and its type.2. What are the orthotic principles in MMC3. Draw a diagram showing Coronal plane force system applied by KAFO, in the

correction of Genu Varum.4. Briefly explain a concept of Weight relieving orthosis.5. Explain in brief Ischial bearing above knee orthosis.6. Write a note on Leg length Discrepancy (LLD)7. Explain “Tone reducing Ankle foot orthosis”.

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8. What do you understand by twister orthosis9. Draw a neat labeled diagram of Toronto orthosis used in LCPD.10. What is paraplegia and enumerate orthosis given.

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Pathology

XIII. Essay: (3x10=30)

1. Describe the steps involved in wound healing. Differentiate between primary and secondary wound healing. Mention the factors involving in wound healing.

2. Define Necrosis. Mention its types and pathogenesis of each.3. Define shock. Mention its types and brief about each.

XIV. Write a note on: (8x5=40)1. Define embolism and mention its pathogenesis.2. Write the cellular events in acute inflammation.3. Describe the Stages of bone remodelling.4. Define oedema. Mention its causes.5. Differentiate between benign & malignant tumors.6. Define gangrene and mention its types.7. Define terms atrophy and hypertrophy. Mention the causes of atrophy.8. Explain about growth factors.

XV. Very short answer on: (10x3=30)1. Write brief note on Carcinogen and its type.2. Define Phagocytosis.3. What do you understand by term exudate.4. Explain metaplasia.5. Write the causes of hemorrhage.6. Define thrombosis7. What is dry gangrene?8. Describe the causes of cell injury.9. Define terms repair and regeneration.10. Enumerate the stages of fracture healing.

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Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

I. Essay: (3x10=30)

1. What is paraplegia? Discuss the complete rehabilitation management for the patient with Paraplegia.

2. Classify nerve injuries. What is the management of median, radial and ulnar nerve injuries?

3. Explain the practical and environmental difficulties faced by disabled persons while using aids and appliances.

II. Short Answers : (8x5=40)1. Differentiate institutional based Rehabilitation (IBR) and Community based

rehabilitation (CBR) 2. Explain in brief child milestone Development and what is delayed milestone?3. Explain the methods of stump bandaging for transfemoral residual limb.4. Write notes on postoperative management of above knee stump.5. Write about hemiplegia and its causes.6. Explain role of family in the rehabilitation of severely disabled child.7. Write notes on prevention of pressure sores in case of patient with sensory

impairment.8. Write notes on leprosy and its rehabilitation aspects.

III. Very short answer on: (10x3=30)1. Explain recreation for disabled.2. Define term learning and remembering.3. Write a short note on Short-wave diathermy.4. Write notes on Stretching exercises.5. Write short notes on hydrotherapy.6. Write about the MMT grade scale.7. Define traction and write its indication.8. Define terms isometric and isotonic muscle contraction.9. Explain swan neck deformity. 10. Explain Erb’s palsy.

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Prosthetics Science-II

XVI. Essay: (3x10=30)

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1. Discuss the prosthetic management of a bilateral Transfemoral amputee.2. Discuss the biomechanical difference between transfemoral and through knee

prosthesis with reference to following, a. Support point b. Lever armb. Stump- socket pressure distribution d. Power arm and Load arm

3. Explain in details the Canadian type hip disarticulation prosthesis and its alignment.

XVII. Short answers: (8x5=40)1. Describe OHC socket design?2. Explain about “Botta Technology” for through knee prosthesis.3. Explain ISNY/ flexible transfemoral socket.4. Draw a neat labeled M-L force diagram in Stance phase of Knee Disarticulation

prosthesis.5. Explain the “Pros and Cons of knee disarticulation stump” in terms of prosthetic

fitting?6. Write a note on Conventional stubbies. Explain its advantages and disadvantages.7. Write in brief the different types of Hip disarticulation prosthesis. (Draw the suitable

diagrams)8. Explain Anterior –Posterior plane stability in above knee prosthesis. (Draw suitable

diagrams)

XVIII. Very short answers on: (10x3=30)1. Write a note on Hip disarticulation amputation.2. What is Transpelvic level of amputation.( Draw a suitable diagram)3. What do you understand by Van Nes Rotation Plasty.4. Draw a neat labeled diagram of “Single-axis prosthetic foot”.5. Write a note on “Stride control strap” used in hip disarticulation prosthesis.6. Explain the term Voluntary knee stability in case of above knee amputee.7. Explain Saucer type Hip disarticulation prosthesis.8. How will you classify the congenital limb deficiency?9. Define gait deviations and enumerate any 5 deviations in TF amputee.10. Write a note on Instantaneous centre of rotation (ICR) with reference to 4-bar

linkage prosthetic knee joint.

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Workshop Technology & Engineering materials

XIX. Long answers: (3x10=30)1. Explain leather, production involved in leather, prevention of leather from environment.2. Explain general measuring instrument and files in workshop with neat sketch

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3. Explain polymer, production of polymer forming operation explain any two method with neat sketch

XX. Short answers: (8x5=40)1. Explain annealing, flame hardening, case hardening in heat treatment2. Explain production of powder metallurgy3. Explain lathe with neat sketch4. Explain grinding machine and explain any two types of grinding with neat sketch5. Explain heat oven, compressor, brazing6. Define Thermoplastic & thermosetting material and write any 3 difference between them. 7. Draw stress -strain curve diagram for metal and rubber.8. Explain the materials used in P & O.

XXI. Very short answer on: (10x3=30)

1. Draw and explain ball peen hammer.2. Explain structure of polymer with neat sketch.3. Define term “vulcanization of rubber”.4. Explain tanning of leather.5. Explain the purpose of heat treatment.6. Explain self centering chuck and four jaw chuck.7. Explain ceramic material.8. Write notes on composites.9. Explain quenching.10. Explain welding.

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Anatomy

XXII. Essay: (3x10=30)1. Define joint. What are the features & types of synovial joint?2. Describe in detail about median nerve and add a note on its applied anatomy.3. Explain the superficial and deep palmar arch. (Draw the suitable diagrams)

XXIII. Short answers: (8x5=40)1. Draw and explain femoral triangle.2. Explain lumbricals.3. Explain ulnar nerve in hand.4. Write notes on Popliteal fossa.5. Draw and explain talus bone.6. Write notes on Pericardium.

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7. Draw and explain Rectus abdominis.8. Define cell and its types.

XXIV. Very short answers on: (10x3=30)1. Write notes on Adductor canal and its contents2. Explain the branches of arch of aorta3. What is mesentry and mesocolon?4. Name the muscles present in the third layer of sole.5. Write a short note on Sciatica.6. Describe the contents of middle mediastinum.7. Explain the branches of radial nerve in spiral grove.8. Write notes on opening of diaphragm9. Explain about cervical rib.10. What do you know about recesses of Pleura?

Applied Mechanics & Strength of Materials

XXV. Long Answers: (3x10=30)1. A beam is freely supported over a span of 8 meters. It carries point load of 3 KN at 2

m from the left hand support and an u.d.l of 2 KN/m run from the centre to the right hand support. Construct shear force diagram (SFD) and Bending moment diagram (BMD).

2. The shaft running at 180 rpm has to transmit 100 Kw. The shaft should not be stressed beyond 60 N/mm2 and should not twist more than 1 degree in a length of 3m. Select a suitable diameter of shaft. (Take N=0.8x105N/mm2).

3. The following forces act a pointi. 20 N inclined at 30° towards North of east.ii. 25 N towards Northiii. 30 N towards North West andiv. 35 N inclined at 40° towards south of west.

Find the magnitude and direction of the resultant force using graphical method.

XXVI. Short Answers: (8x5=40)

1. The following forces act a pointv. 20 N inclined at 30° towards North of east.

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vi. 25 N towards Northvii. 30 N towards North West andviii. 35 N inclined at 45° towards south of west.

Find the magnitude and direction of the resultant force using analytical method.

2. Define friction and explain the types of friction in detail.3. A body of weight 300 N is lying on a rough horizontal plane having a “coefficient

of friction” as 0.3. Find the magnitude of the force, which can move the body, while acting at an angle of 25° with the horizontal.

4. On turning a corner, a motorist rushing at 20m/s, finds a child on the road 50m ahead. He instantly stops the engine and applies brakes, So as to stop the car within 10 m of the child. Calculate,

i. Retardation andii. Time required to stop the car

5. A wheel increases its speed from 45 r.p.m to 90 r.p.m in 30 seconds. Find,a. Angular acceleration of the wheel.b. No. of revolution made by the wheel in these 30 seconds

6. Explain following in detaili. Scalar with exampleii. Vector with exampleiii. Coplanar forcesiv. Concurrent forces.

7. Two forces of 80 N & 70 N acts simultaneously at a point. Find the resultant force, if the angle between them is 50°.

8. Cantilever 4 m long carries an u.d.l of 20 KN/m over half of its length adjoining the free end. Draw the bending moment diagram

XXVII. Very short answer on: (10x3=30)

1. Define Torsion.2. What is collinear forces & Coplanar forces.3. Define force and mention its unit.4. Define polygon law of forces.5. What is moment & mention its types.6. What is meant by Co-efficient of friction?7. Define speed and Velocity.8. Define acceleration and uniform acceleration.9. State “Lami’s theorem” and mention its equation.10. What is power and energy? Mention its units.

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Biomechanics-I

XXVIII. Essay: (3x10=30)1. Define term “Lever” and classify its different types. Give an example of each types of

lever with respect to human body.2. Define the term “Determinant of gait”. Explain the major determinants of human gait.3. Define joint. How will you classify the human skeletal joint?

XXIX. Short answers: (8x5=40)1. Explain the term equilibrium of lever2. Define Centre of gravity. Write a note on Displacement of Centre of gravity during

normal human gait.3. Explain three Rockers of human gait.4. Briefly explain the biomechanics of symes prosthesis at heel strike.5. Draw a free body diagram of stump socket force system in symes prosthesis at Push off

phase.6. Explain the biomechanics of leaf spring AFO.7. Briefly explain the biomechanics of normal foot.8. Two children sit on the opposite sides of a playground seesaw.

If Rohit, weighing 200 N, is 1.5 m from the axis of rotation, and Susie, weighing 190 N, is 1.6 m from the axis of rotation.Which end of the seesaw will drop?

XXX. Very short answers on: (10x3=30)1. Explain three point force system in the correction of forefoot adduction in CTEV.2. Define term Cadence3. Define term Stride length.4. Define Friction?5. Define Newton’s 3rd law of motion and its one example.6. Define term work and Energy.7. Define moment of force.8. Draw a diagram showing position of Ground reaction force (GRF) with respect to ankle,

and knee joint, at Heel strike phase.9. Define windlass mechanism in normal foot.

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10. A 23 kg boy sits 1.5 m from the axis of rotation of a seesaw. AT what distance from the axis of rotation must a 21 kg girl be positioned on the other side of the axis to balance the seesaw?

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Orthotics Science-I

XXXI. Essay: (3x10=30)1. Explain the measurement and casting procedure for Thermoplastic AFO.2. Explain different types of Ankle joint Stop used in Conventional AFO and their

indications.3. Discuss the biomechanics of solid ankle foot orthosis.

XXXII. Short answers:(8x5=40)

1. Describe Leaf spring AFO and draw a diagram.2. Write notes on “Ankle joint assist” in orthotics3. Write about the Klenzak ankle joint.4. Describe about Dennis Brown Splint.5. Explain the SMO (Supramalleolar orthosis). 6. What are stirrup and its types?7. Explain design, Indications for inside T- strap.8. P.A. is a 44 year old real estate agent, developed Peroneal nerve palsy in her left

lower extremity secondary to diabetic neuropathy. She would like to continue working, but her disability has made it very difficult to show clients new properties. Suggest an appropriate orthosis for P.A.

XXXIII. Very short answers on:(10x3=30)

1. Draw a neat labeled diagram of double action assist ankle joint.2. What do you understand by UCBL orthosis?3. Briefly explain the Shoe insert.4. Describe the components of CTEV.5. Brief the materials used in making lower limb orthosis.6. Write notes on Spiral AFO7. Write any four indications for solid AFO8. Brief the special considerations in designing CTEV shoes?9. Describe the purpose of the foot orthosis.10. Define orthosis and explain its function.

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Physiology

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XXXIV. Essay: (3x10=30)1. Define and classify synapse. Describe the mechanism of synaptic transmission

and elucidate its properties.2. Name the various ascending tracts. Trace the pathway of pain and describe the

gating mechanism.3. Describe the ionic basis of action potential and define the resting membrane

potential (RMP).

XXXV. Short answers:(8x5=40)

1. Explain the term muscle spindle & its functions.2. Write the properties of reflex.3. Explain about “Sarcotubular system”.4. Draw and explain the neuromuscular junction.5. Write notes on Neurotransmitters.6. Write the classification of Receptors7. Explain about Neuroglial cells.8. Write notes on nerve injury.

XXXVI. Very short answers on:(10x3=30)

1. Define cardiac output.2. Write the functions of blood3. What is reflex arc?4. Describe the types of neuron.5. Write the properties of skeletal muscle (any three)6. Define term Fatigue.7. Write the classification of nerve fiber.8. What do you understand by a term “Muscle tone”9. What is hyperalgesia10. Define referred pain.

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Prosthetics Science-I

XXXVII. Essay: (3x10=30)1. Describe different types of Symes prosthesis.(Draw the suitable diagrams)2. Explain different levels of partial foot amputation. (Draw the suitable diagrams) 3. Discuss the biomechanics of Symes prosthesis.

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XXXVIII. Short answers:(8x5=40)

1. What is Symes amputation? Explain the advantages of symes stump.2. Write a note on AFO with filler and its types.3. Explain Footbed with filler with respect to the following,

a. Indication b. Material used c. Design d. Biomechanical purpose.4. Define Ray amputation and explain its type.5. Draw a neat labeled diagram of following level of amputation

a. Lisfrank amputation b. Chopart amputation.6. Explain about shuttle lock suspension system.7. Explain about single axis prosthetic foot draw a neat labeled diagram.8. What do you understand by IPOP prosthesis? Explain its advantages.

XXXIX. Very short answers on:(10x3=30)

1. Write prescription criteria for following Symes prosthesis.a. Hidden panel b. Bifid symes prosthesis.

2. Write a note on Elephant boot prosthesis3. Briefly explain prosthesis for 1st ray amputation.4. Write about “Stove pipe Symes prosthesis”5. Draw a neat labeled diagram of internal keel SACH foot.6. Explain toe with filler and its indication.7. Write a note on functions of prosthetic foot.8. How will you classify the prosthetic foot?9. Enumerate types of prosthesis for Partial foot amputation.10. Write notes on Modified/External keel SACH foot.

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ANATOMY

Long Answers: (2x20=40)

1. Classify Synovial joints giving examples of each type. Describe the structure of a Synovial joint

2. Draw a labelled diagram of Lumbar PlexusOR

Explain the shoulder joint in detail; explain its ligament, muscles producing movement and Bursa around shoulder joint.

Short Answers: (Any 8) (8x5= 40)

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1. Flexion and Extension of Knee joint2. Lumbrical muscles of the foot3. Sciatic Nerve4. Erb’s Paralysis5. Cephalic Vein6. Biceps Brachii7. Ilio-psoas8. Femoral triangle 9. Flexor digitorum superficialis10. Atlanto- occipital joint

Very Short Type Answers (Answer all) (2x10= 20)

1. Muscles originating from coracoid process of scapula2. Sesamoid bone3. Branches of posterior cord of brachial plexus4. Major opening of diaphragm5. Bursae around knee joint6. Muscles producing protraction and retraction of scapula7. Name the Intrinsic muscles of hand8. Muscles attached in ischial tuberosity9. Name the types of pleura and recesses of pleura10. Name the ligaments of hip joint

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1. Bipolar neuron2. Sesamoid bone3. Branches of posterior cord of brachial plexus.4. Sternocleidomastoid muscle5. Bursae around knee joint.6. Muscles producing protraction and retraction of scapula. 7. Intrinsic muscles of hand

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8. muscles attached in ischial tuberosity9. Functions of cerebellum.10. Branches of Mandibular Nerve.

ENGINEERING DRAWING

Use first angle projections. Assume missing data, if any


1. Isometric view of a machine part is given in fig. below. Draw the following views to a suitable scale in first angle projection. (8+8+4=20)a) Front view looking in the direction of arrowhead “F”b) Side view looking in the direction of arrowhead “S”c) Top view looking in the direction of arrowhead “T”

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2. Draw a box coupling and Half-lap coupling for shaft of 30 mm. diameter.Short Answers: (8x5= 40)

3. Draw a free hand sketch of a hexagonal bolt & nut with washer & threads.

4. Draw a sketch of Ankle foot Orthosis ( KAFO) Medium size and enlist the different parts

5. Sketch an axilliary crutch.

6. Draw a sketch of Multiaxis foot and enlist the different parts

7. A line PQ 40 mm. long is parallel to V.P. and inclined at an angle of 30 degree to H.P. The end P is 15 mm. above H.P. and 20 mm. in front of V.P. Draw the projections of the line.

8. Under what conditions the use of a knuckle joint is recommended? Name at least three engineering applications of a knuckle joint.

9. What is difference between a shaft and an axle? Classify the shafts.

10. Construct an Ellipse given the maior axis as 130 mm and minor axis 90 mm using concentric circles method.

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Very Short Type Answers (2x10= 20)

11. What is the difference between plain scale and a diagonal scale?

12. Write down the names of 'Elements' used in dimensioning process.

13. Write the formula for calculation of subtended angle ' ѳ ' in the development of cone.

14. Define Eccentricity. What is the value for a parabola?

15. Draw possible front view for following plan

16. Thickness of the thread is measured along -----------------the line.

17. Show sectional view of a cylinder in which a hole is drilled along half the length.

18. The washer to be used with a bolt of major diameter d has thickness of -------- and diameter of-------

19. The figure below shows a rivet ready to be placed in the hole. Three regions are marked as 1, 2 and 3. Name them.

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20. A 2-start thread has a pitch of 1 mm. A nut is given one full rotation on the thread.What axial distance will the nut travel and what do you call this distance?

PHYSIOLOGY

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1. Name the Ascending tracts of the spinal cord. Describe the origin, course and termination of the ascending tracts in the dorsal white column of the spinal cord. What are the sensations carried out by these tracts?

OR

Write about physiological anatomy of Cerebellum, functions and Cerebellar function test.

2. (a) Describe the regulation of posture.(b) Describe the sequence of events occurring during skeletal muscle contraction and

relaxation

OR

Write about endocrine hormones secreted by pancreas, write about carbohydrate metabolism and role of pancreatic hormones in carbohydrate metabolism.

Short Answers: (Answer any 8) (8x5= 40)

1. Briefly discuss the Importance of autonomic nervous system2. Define muscle tone. Describe the structure and function of the muscle spindle3. How the body temperature is kept fairly close to normal level?4. Enumerate Steps involved in Neuromuscular transmission5. Active Transport6. Write about hypothalamus functions7. Pyramidal tract8. Insulin functions9. Thalamus function10. Hemi section of spinal cord11. Mechanism of pain12. Mechanism of touch perception

Very Short Type Answers (Answer All) (2x10= 20)

1. Define action potential

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2. Define diffusion3. Define synapse4. Define hormone5. Define systolic pressure6. Define receptors7. Define refractory period8. Mitochondria9. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum10. Superficial reflex

13. Ankle jerks and its applied aspects14. Na+ K+ Pump15. Accomodation reflex.16. Draw Diagram of conductive system of heart17. Lung Volumes18. Hypoxia19. CSF20. Intrapleural pressure21. Functions of Skin22. Referred pain

23. Explain the physiological anatomy of cerebellum and give details about the cerebellar function test

ORTHOTIC SCIENCE--- I


1. Define Orthotics Principle, force system and alignment in Ankle foot Orthotics.2. What is CTEV? Discuss the principles of prefabricated CTEV splint used in standard

practice in India?

Short Answers ( Any 8) (8x5= 40)

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3. UCBL4. Surgical shoe with straight medial border5. Explain various foot drop conventional orthosis with diagrams6. Elaborate different types of leather used in orthopedic foot wear and in Orthotics padding7. Diabetic foot8. Prescription of Orthosis9. Differentiate plastic & Metallic AFO10. Tibial fracture brace design11. Explain Upper ?


12. SMO13. Types of Arch support14. Heel pad15. Thomas heel16. T- Strap17. Custom FO18. calcaneo-valgus foot19. Internal shoe modification20. Surgical shoe21. Rocker bottom

PROSTHETIC SCIENCE--- I


1. Describe different types of socket design using available low cost materials in amputation?

2. Enumerate Prescription criteria, principles in management in symes prosthesis?

Short Answers: (8x5= 40)

3. What is alignment? Explain the various types of alignment in TTP with diagram.4. What is partial amputation? What are the Prosthetics managements available in our

country?5. Discuss the difference in Jaipur foot & ALIMCO SACH foot.

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6. Compare & Contrast, Conventional with Modular Transtibial prosthetics 7. ICRC technology8. STEN foot9. Early knee flexion10. Carbon Copy foot


11. POP12. Multi axis foot13. Open ended below knee socket14. Sleeve suspension15. Draw Chopart level of foot amputation16. Define Prosthetic Gait Deviation17. Measurements of Transtibial Socket18. Objective of Cast Modification19. Madras foot20. Importance of prosthetic Checkout

BIOMECHANICS-I


1. Explain Normal human locomotion with neat sketched Ray diagram 2. Compare & Contrast the Biomechanics of Normal & Pathological Foot

Short Answers: (8x5= 40)

3. Define fundamental qualities of human motion

4. Identify three anatomical concepts involved in the movement of body segment

5. Explain difference between Kinesiology & Biomechanics

6. What is EMG? How is it recorded & what are its applications7. Plantar arches and their function.8. Loading of the foot.9. Concurrent force system10. Explain Tensile forces with example

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Very Short Type Answers (2x10= 20)11. Angular motion12. Free body diagram13. Impulse14. Cadence15. Eccentric muscle contraction16. Force platform17. TKA Alignment18. Centre of mass 19. Tendon20. Range of Motion

WORKSHOP TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING MATERIALS

Long Answers: (Answer all) (2x20=40)

1. What are the mechanical properties of materials? Describe each in brief. On which factors these properties mainly depend, and why it is necessary to know these properties?

2. (i) Explain difference between polyester in thermoplastic and polyesters in thermosetting. List their two applications.(ii) Compare properties of polythene and polypropylene.

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1. Draw a typical stress-strain curve for a plastic. Write two interpretations of the curve.

2. Write in detail about Elastomers, their types and properties.

3. Define Creep. Describe its general creep behavior of plastics.

4. How does milling machine functions? How many types of milling machines are

there?

5. What is welding and how they are classified?

6. Differentiate between the soldering and brazing.

7. Describe any one process that is used to test the properties of the metal?

8. Briefly explain Viscoelastic behaviour of Plastics

9. Explain any two process of plastic molding


1. Define ‘polyesters’

2. Give one example each for thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers used in prosthetic industry.

3. Define ‘hardener’. Name a hardener for epoxy

4. What are synthetic rubbers?

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5. What is ‘Condensation Polymerization’?

6. Additive agents used in plastics

7. ‘Plastic Flow’ of metals

8. Define: I) Stress II) Stress-relaxation

9. ‘Mechanical Working’

10. What are monomers and isomers?

--------------X--------------

11. (i) Explain difference between LDPE and HDPE. List their two applications.

(ii) Compare properties of polythene and polypropylene.

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APPLIED MECHANICS & STRENGTH OF MATERIALS


1. (i) A block of weight 150 N is resting on a rough inclined plane as shown in Figure below. The block is tied up by a horizontal string which has a tension of 50 N. Find (i) the frictional force on the block (ii) the normal reaction of the inclined plane (iii) the coefficient of friction between the surfaces of contact. (10)

(ii) A tensile load of 40KN is acting on a rod of diameter 40 mm and of length 4 m. A bore of diameter 20 mm is made centrally on the rod. To what length the rod should be bored so that the total extension will increase 30% under the same tensile load. Take E=2x105N/mm2 (10)

2. (i) An I section has the top flange 100mm x 15mm, we6 150mm x 20mm and the bottom flange 180mm x 30mm. Calculate Ixx, Iyy and also radius of gyration about the centroidal axis.

(ii) An closely coiled helical spring made of steel wire 10mm diameter has 15 coils of 100mm mean diameter. Calculate the deflection and stiffness of spring under an axial load of 200N. Take C=0.08x106 Mpa.

(iii) The mean diameter of the closely coiled helical spring is 5 times the diameter of wire. It elongates 8mm under an axial pull of 120N. If the permissible shear stress is 40N/mm2. Find the size of the wire and number of coils in the spring. Take C= 0.8x106N/mm2


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1. What is Ergonomics? Explain the relation between human Science & Engineering science

2. What do you mean by temperature stresses? With a neat sketch explain the process of yielding in composite bar.

3. Buckling theory of Column4. Principle of failure5. What is the difference between mass moment of inertia and area moment of

inertia.6. Deflection theory of beams7. Equation for Torsional stress of circular shaft 8. Explain leaf spring. Define Endurance Limit9. What is the function of springs? What are the types of springs?10. Explain the procedure for drawing S.F and B.M for a cantilever beam and

simply support beam11. Find the Centroid of an unequal angle section 100x80x20


1. State parallelogram law of forces.2. Difference between open coil and closed coil springs3. Define centre of gravity4. Draw the indication for point load and UDL5. What is meant by coefficient of friction6. Define hooke’s law7. Classification of helical springs8. Yield point9. Limiting Factor10. Resolution of forces

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1. State parallelogram law of forces.2. Define angle of repose.3. State perpendicular axis theorem.4. Define impulse-momentum principle.5. State the equation of motion for translation6. Moment of Resistance7. Control theory 8. Yield point9. Limiting Factor10. Resolution of forces

BIO-MECHANICS -1

1. Classify different types of levers. Explain each one of them using figures and examples. (20)

2. Discuss the Principles of stability in references to human body. (20)

3. Short Notes (8x5=40)

a. Sagittal Plane movementsb. factors which determine the active tension in the musclec. Planes & Axesd. Newton’s Law of Motione. Centre of Gravityf. Connective tissuesg. Joint reaction force

4. Write in Brief: (10x2=20)

a) Accelerationb) Velocity

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c) Power d) Energye) Torquef) Medial, g) Anterior, h) Proximal, i) Superior j) Inferior

Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 marksANSWER ALL QUESTIONSI. Essay: (2X15=30)1. Describe the general features of the hip joint and functions of musclesassociated with the Hip joint.2. Describe the mechanics of respiration and the effect of exercise onrespiration.II. Short Notes: (10X5=50)1. Central and peripheral venous pressure.2. Features of a diarthodial joint.3. Functional position of wrist and hand.4. Patellofemoral joint.5. Lung volume.6. Degeneration and regeneration of nerves.7. Stance and swing phases of gait.8. Intervertebral disc.9. Lumber Pelvic rhythm.10. Tennis elbow.III. Short Answers: (10X2=20)1. Tenosynovium.2. Scoliosis.3. Gluteus medius gait.4. Spondylolisthesis.5. Torque.6. Kinematics.7. Pes planus.8. Lateral Prehension.9. Tenodesis action.10. Joint play.

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ORTHOTIC SCIENCE--- 1

1. Explain Metallic Ankle Foot Orthosis. 202. Describe the shoes and their component. Draw the figure 20

3. Write Short Notes ( 8x5=40)(a) Specification of Orthosis(b) Classification of Orthosis

(c) Various types of Mechanical Ankle joints with one example to each?

(d)Median Shank filler

(a) various materials used in Orthotics(b) difference between Prosthesis & Orthosis(c) Solid ankle Plastic AFO(d) Historical background of Orthotics in India

4. Write in Brief: (10x2 =20)a) Foot Orthosis (FO)b) Eversionc) Orthotistd) 3-point force systeme) orthotic assessmentf) MT Barg) Foot Archh) Stirrup Platei) Measurement of Calf Bandj) Foot Adduction

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PROSTHETIC SCIENCE--- 11. Draw a neat labeled sketch of SACH Foot and explain (20)2. Draw a neat labeled sketch of Jaipur Foot and explain (20)

3. Write short Notes (8x5=40)a) ICRC Transtibial Prosthesisb) Types of Transtibial Socket designsc) Historical developments in lower extremity Prostheticsd) Comparison of Endoskeletal and Exoskeletal Prosthesise) Transtibial Residual Limbf) Single Axis Footg) Cuff Suspensionh) Levels of partial foot amputation

4. Write in Brief (10x2=20)

a) Prostheticsb) Prosthesisc) Prosthetistd) Amputeee) Patellar Tendonf) Socketg) Modularh) Alignmenti) Ablationj) abscess

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Computer Science

I. Elaborate on: (3x10=30)

1. Explain the various graphic display devices.2. Discuss the computer memories and secondary storage devices.3. Explain in brief (a) wireframe modeling,(b) surface modeling (c) solid modeling?

II. Write notes on: (8x5=40)

1. Define network. Explain the types and uses.2. Define multimedia. Outline same of its applications.3. Write short notes on Internet and its uses.4. Write a note on MS-Excel and MS-PowerPoint.5. Write a note on WAN.6. Advantages and disadvantages of CNC7. Distinguish between chamfer and fillet?8. List the variety of CNC machines available for product machining?

III. Short answers on (10x3=30)

1. What are the Characteristics of a computer?2. Explain URL.3. Modem.4. HTTP.5. Difference between RAM and ROM.6. List out the operating system functions7. Mail merge8. State the function of CAD system?9. Write the need for VPOINT command in 3D modeling?10. Explain various options available in ZOOM command?

--------------------------XOX------------------------------

Mobility and Rehabilitation Aids


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1. Describe the biomechanics of wheelchair seating with appropriate sketches.2. Explain the variety of wheelchair cushions and their advantages. 3. Describe on tricycles with neat sketch.

II. Write notes on: (8x5=40)9. Why the wheelchair modifications are necessary? Give atleast five justifications.10. Write a note on rear wheels and tires of a wheelchair.11. Describe low level mobility aids with its examples.12. Write the prescription criterias for powered wheelchair.13. Describe the appropriate body measurements for Wheelchair prescription. Draw the

diagrams.14. Define slouched seating. What are the potential causes for slouched seating? What

wheelchair modifications you will consider for slouched seating?15. Explain the factors related with development of pressure sores for wheelchair users with

spinal cord injury.16. What are the peculiar features of sport wheelchair

III. Short answers on (10x3=30)11. Define mobility aids and its purposes.12. Write the design constructions and uses of parallel bar.13. Write a short note on crutch muscles.14. Define term “appropriate wheelchair”.15. Write a note on “tripod” walking stick.16. Explain four point gait.17. Explain why hollow metal tubing is used for ambulation aids.18. Is a frame with higher handles more or less stable than one with lower handles? Why?19. Write a note on educational toys.20. Relate the potential hazard of incorrectly used axillary crutches.

--------------------------XOX------------------------------

Mobility and Rehabilitation Aids


4. Describe the biomechanics of powered wheelchair with appropriate sketches.5. Explain the variety of wheelchair cushions and their advantages. 6. Describe various tricycles with neat sketch.

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II. Write notes on: (8x5=40)17. Why the wheelchair modifications are necessary? Give atleast five justifications.18. Write a note on rear wheels and tires of a wheelchair.19. Describe low height mobility aids with its examples.20. Write the prescription criteria for manual wheelchair.21. Describe the appropriate body measurements for Wheelchair prescription. Draw the

diagrams.22. Define slouched seating. What wheelchair modifications you will consider for slouched

seating?23. Explain the factors related with development of pressure sores for wheelchair users with

spinal cord injury.24. What are the peculiar features of sport wheelchair

III. Short answers on (10x3=30)21. Define developmental aids and its purposes.22. Write the design constructions and uses of parallel bar.23. Write a short note on crutch muscles.24. Define term “appropriate wheelchair”.25. Write a note on “tripod” walking stick.26. Explain four point gait.27. Explain why hollow metal tubing is used for ambulation aids.28. Is a frame with higher handles more or less stable than one with lower handles? Why?29. Write a note on educational toys.30. Relate the potential hazard of incorrectly used axillary crutches.

--------------------------XOX------------------------------

P & O Workshop Management


7. Define functional organization. What are the merits and demerits of functional organization?

8. Discuss the legal issues in rehabilitation.9. Elaborate on Essential consideration of prosthetic orthotic department planning.


25. Describe good working conditions in relationship to productivity.26. Explain old and modern methods of filing records in an office.

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27. Discuss the functions of management.28. Describe the importance of documentation in P & O clinics. Explain in detail the methods

of Documentation.29. Explain production planning and objectives of production planning.30. Describe different methods of cost accounting along with their features and limitations.31. Write a short note on Inventory control.32. Outline the areas of P&O workshop Management.


31. Briefly explain market research.32. What measures would you take to promote the sale of P&O product?33. Is economics a science or an art?34. What are the different labour welfare measures to be provided with industrial labour.35. What are the qualities required to become successful manager.36. Staff-Patient ratio in a P& O clinic.37. What are the essentials of good file system?38. Space requirement for starting an P & O unit in a 100 beded Rehabilitation setup.39. Maintenance of splinting materials.40. What are the causes of industrial accidents?

--------------------------XOX------------------------------

Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation


10. Describe in detail community based Rehabilitation mention advantages and disadvantages of community based rehabilitation.

11. Describe management and rehabilitation of Hemiplegic patient who is a bank manager.12. Classify Arthritis. Describe in details about the problems and the rehabilitation of a 25

years old, female computer operator, suffering from Rheumatoid Arthritis.

II. Write notes on: (8x5=40)33. Define splint. Describe the various splints used in peripheral nerve injuries.34. Define activities of daily living (ADL). Discuss in detail about various assessment scale

for rehabilitation ADL measurement.35. Institution based rehabilitation.36. List the indications for amputation. Describe the rehabilitation of twenty five year old

boy with bilateral traumatic transfemoral amputation.37. Define rehabilitation and briefly outline the duties of members of rehabilitation team.

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38. Describe the disability process. Describe the methods of disability limitation.39. Discuss rehabilitation of below knee amputee. 40. Role of P & O in Rehabilitation team.

III. Short answers on (10x3=30)1. Principles of rehabilitation.2. Post polio syndrome.3. Ape thumb deformity.4. Types of cerebral palsy.5. Torticollis6. Metatarsalgia.7. Erb’s palsy.8. Define terms “Impairment and disability”.9. IPOP (Immediate Post-operative Prosthesis) and its advantages.10. Disability evaluation.

-------------------------XOX----------------------------

Research Methodology


13. What do you mean by “measures of central tendency”? Explain with the help of examples.

14. What is sampling? Explain the important methods of sampling commonly used.15. Calculate the correlation coefficient from the following data.

X: 12 9 8 10 11 13 7Y: 14 8 6 9 11 12 3

II. Write notes on: (8x5=40)41. Graphical representation of frequency distribution.42. Plot a histogram and a frequency curve on a graph paper from the following data.

Blood pressure (in mm): 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89 90-94 95-99Number of men: 06 18 46 17 06 02

43. What is the meaning of an Ogive graph? Explain briefly.44. Draw simple bar and pie diagram for the following gross expenditure rupees in crores of

company ABC for the years 2010-2013.Years: 2010 2011 2012 2013Expenditure (in crores): 120 90 80 110

45. Briefly illustrate the use of charts and graphs in data analysis.46. What are the various measure of dispersions? Illustrate their computation.

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47. Discuss the types of correlation. Explain with examples.48. Compute standard deviation for the following data.

Marks : 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60No. of students: 3 8 15 20 25 10

P.T.O.


1. What is the mean, median and mode value for the following observations? 7, 12, 9, 15, 10, 12

2. List the uses of biostatistics in the field of P&O.3. How is the Null Hypothesis stated?4. Mention the Types of variables.5. What is scatter diagram?6. Level of significance.7. Types of Errors.8. Mention the different types of classification of data.9. Calculate Arithmetic mean for the following data (Discrete series) Direct methods.

Mark: 60 55 40 45 62 67 69 70No. of Students: 3 7 5 10 7 9 8 11

10. Discuss above Multiple Bar Diagram.

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Orthotics-III


16. Describe biomechanical principles of all types of UL orthotics (any four)17. Elaborate objectives of splinting and its purposes.18. Describe in details with orthotic management of Erb’s palsy.


49. Explain the materials used in upper limb splinting and its advantages and disadvantages.50. Classify upper limb orthoses.51. Explain fabrication technique for short opponens splint.52. Explain splint as a lever system.

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53. Explain types of immobilization orthoses.54. Name minimum three types of sling and its applications.55. Write a note on static WHO with MCP extension stop and IP extension assist.56. Describe the orthotic management of rhematoid arthritis of hand.


11. Define swan neck deformity and its orthotic management12. What are the signs of nerve irritation?13. Explain immobilization of wrist using orthoses. Give its examples.14. Draw and explain the functional position of wrist.15. Explain the types of fracture orthoses in upper limb.16. Draw volar Cock up splint and write its purposes.17. Define feeders and name its types.18. Explain Humeral fracture brace19. What is rotator cuff injury and what orthoses will be prescribe for it?20. Write a note on lumbrical bar.

-------------------------XOX------------------------------

Prosthetics-III


19. Explain the types of transradial socket designs and their neat diagrams.20. Compare and contrast the body powered upper limb prosthesis and externally powered

upper limb prosthesis.21. Classify the terminal device for upper extremity prosthesis? Describe hook and why does

it term a versatile terminal device.


57. Write about historical development of upper extremity prosthesis in India and abroad.58. Types of hand and its functions.59. What are the measurement procedures for shoulder disarticulation?60. Write the mechanics of trans-humeral cable control system.61. Draw and explain flexion wrist unit.62. Explain step-up hinges prosthesis and its prescription criteria.63. Draw and explain internal locking elbow unit.64. Explain the components of cable control system for transradial prosthesis.

III. Short answers on (10x3=30)21. What are the major muscles of shoulder?

PTO

22. What are the levels of partial hand amputation?23. Write the causes of upper extremity amputation.24. Explain in brief mechanics of Bowden cable control system.25. Define Krukenberg amputation.26. Write a note on Aesthetic prosthesis.27. Explain the trimlines of wrist disarticulation socket.28. Write a note on APRL hook.29. Draw a labeled diagram for levels of trans-radial stump.30. Mitten hand.

-------------------------XOX----------------

Workshop technology and Engineering Materials


1. Explain the construction of tailstock of a lathe with a diagram.2. Draw a neat diagram of an upright drilling machine and explain.3. Explain types of hammer and draw its labeled sketches.

II. Write notes on: (8x5=40)1. What are the parts found in the carriage of a lathe? Explain any two.2. Explain any four operations performed in a drilling machine.3. Draw a labeled diagram of vertical spindle surface grinding machine.4. How the files are classified according to various shapes? Explain with suitable diagrams5. What is steel? Explain its types.6. Explain the nomenclature of a twist drill with a diagram.7. Describe the tapping process.8. Define thermoplastics and its uses in P &O.

III. Short answers on (10x3=30)1. Mention any four operations performed in a lathe.2. What is grinding?3. Explain the types of tap.4. List any four operations performed in a grinding machine.5. What are composite materials? Mention one composite material used in P&O application.6. Define drilling and boring.7. Write a note on Plaster of Paris.8. Explain about leather and its uses in P &O.9. Describe in brief about Die.

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10. Explain the types of resin used in P&O.

--------------------------XOX-------------------------------

.


1. Study of “Applied Mechanics” deals with -----------------------------

2. Branch of engineering “ Strength of Materials” deals with ---------------------

3. The unit of Force is -------------

4. -----------is the energy possessed by a body, for doing work, by virtue of its position.

5. State the Principle of Resolution of Forces.

6. Unit of Moment is --------------

7. A 30mm dia. Steel rod when subjected to an axial tensile force was subjected to a strain of 0.60x10-3 . Find the tensile force that caused the above strain. Take E=200 kN/mm2

PTO

8. 1 Pascal (Pa) = ------ Newton/m2

9. Compressive stress can be defined or described as an internal force in a material resisting a … a) pulling load. b) shearing load. c) pulling and shearing load. d) pushing load.

10. Which ONE of the following is a definition of Hooke's law? a) The measurement of the extension or contraction of a bar when an external load is

applied. b) The stress value required to produce unit strain in a tensile specimen of a

particular material. c) A measurement of the deformation produced by the application of an external

force. d) Strain is directly proportional to the stress it causes, provided that the limit of

proportionality is not exceeded.

------------x----------

ANATOMY

1. Anatomy is a) the study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts.b) the study of how the body and its parts function.c) the study of the body and its interaction with the environment.d) All of the above are correct answers

2. The Tibia is found in the a) femoral region.b) popliteal region.c) crural region.d) inguinal region.

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3. Appendicular meansa) Headb) Neckc) Trunkd) Limbs

4. A muscle that plays a major role in causing joint movement is known as a) Agonistb) Prime moverc) Antagonistd) Assistive mover

5. Pectoralis major is ------in shapea) Triangular b) Unipennatec) Bipennated) Rhomboid

6. Scapula is -------bonea) Longb) Shortc) Irregulard) Flat

7. Ligament connect a) one bone to anotherb) muscle to bonec) one muscle to another

8. Example of connective tissue isa) Boneb) Bloodc) Cartilage

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d) All the above

9. Diarthrodial joints area) freely movableb) slightly movablec) immovable

10. Excitable neural cell that transfer nerve impulses is known as a) nervous tissueb) neurogliac) neurond) nerves

-----------XXXX----------

(PHYSIOLOGY)

1. The two major parts of the cell are thea) nucleus and the cytoplasmb) nuclear membrane and nucleusc) cell membrane and cytoplasmd) nuclear membrane and cell membrane

2. The basic living unit of the body is the -----------

3. Maintenance of nearly constant conditions in the internal environment of the body is known as -------------------

4. Most control systems of the body act by a) negative feedback controlb ) positive feedback controlc) Adaptive Controld) feed-forward control

5. The principal fluid medium of the cell is a) Waterb) Proteinsc) ions

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d) electrolytes

6. The major function of red blood cells is to transport --------------------

7. When a cell membrane moves molecules or ions “uphill” against a concentration gradient; the process is called ---------------(Active Transport /Diffusion)

8. The --------------------------------are called the “powerhouses” of the cell.

9. The most important functions of the Na+ -K+ pump is to control the ----control the volume of each

cell-----------------

10. After birth, red blood cells are produced exclusively in thea) Bone Marrowb) Spleenc) Liverd) Lymph Nodes.

------------xxxxxx-----------

MATERIALS & WORKSHOP TECHNOLOGY

1. A homogenous material is defined as being:a) An elementb) Any material with uniform compositionc) Synonymous with “solution”d) More than one of these

2. Time dependent permanent deformation is called ________________. (a) Plastic deformation (b) Elastic deformation (c) Creep (d) Anelastic deformation

3. First metal known to be used by man (a) Iron (b) Bronze (c) Silver (d) Aluminium

4. Files are

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a) Chipping tool b) Pressing tool c) Cutting tool d) striking tool

5. The most commonly used drill are

a) Flat drill b) Straight fluted drill c) Twist drill d) Taper shank core drill

6. The usual value of rake angle in a twist drill is

a) 30o b) 45o c) 120o d) 135o

7. Name one abrasive used in P&O Workshop

8. Mention one difference between crystalline & amorphous polymer.

9 . Polyethylene picture on the right is a ________a) monomer c) copolymerb) polymer d) elastomer

10. Which one is not a characteristic of thermoplastica) no cross links between chains c) resistance to heat won’t meltb) can be molded d) commonly used as plastic bottle

FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICITY & ELECTRONICS

1. Differentiate Electricity with Electronics

PTO

2. The frequency of DC supply is__________. (A) Zero. (B) 16 2/3 Hz. (C) 50 Hz. (D) 100 Hz

3. The r.m.s. value of sinusoidal 100 V peak to peak is _________ volt.(A) 100/ √2 (B) 50/√ 2 (C) 50 (D) 100

4. In India, electrical power is transmitted by(A) 1 – phase a.c. system. (B) 3-wire d.c. system.(C) 3-phase 3-wire a.c. system. (D) 2-wire d.c. system.

5. Watt hour is the unit of(A) Electric power. (B) Electric capacity. (C) Electric energy. (D) Electric charge

6. Which of the following bulbs will have the least resistance?(A) 220V, 60W (B) 220 V, 100 W (C) 115 V, 60 W (D) 115V, 100 W

7. Define the following and give their units of measurement:-(i) Resistance.

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(ii) Electric Potential.

(iii) Electric current.

-------------X--------------PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION

1. A physical disability isa. usually concurrent with a mental disability.b. a condition that incapacitates the skeletal, muscular, and/or neurological systems of the body to some degree.c. the same as a health impairment.d. a condition that is caused by an accident.

2. Most individuals believe that disabilities become handicaps only whena. the government so defines them.b. society uses them as a reason to discriminate against people.c. they are severe enough to limit mobility and social interaction.d. they require continual medical care.

3. Any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function is known asa) Diseaseb) Impairment

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c) Disabilityd) Handicap

4. Which of the following best describes the difference between terms handicap & Impairment ?

a) Handicap refers to loss of social role

b) Impairment refers to inability to perform a complex task

c) Handicap refers to irreversible loss

d) Impairment refers to loss of social role.

5. Horne et al. referred to amputation as triple insult, as it bringsa) loss of function, b) loss of sensation, and c) loss or change of ------------------------

6. A medical/psychological approach emphasizes that disability isa) a characteristic that makes an individual abnormal.b) created by social and environmental barriers to participationc) an inability that makes a person inferior to others.d) an individual attitude more than a physical condition

7. When using a social/political approach, dealing with disability involves

a) treatment to make a person as normal as possible.b) efforts to eliminate social and physical barriers that limit participationc) developing assistive technologies that eliminate physical impairmentsd) teaching normal people to ignore disabilities and treat everyone as normal

8. Full form of CBR --------------- IBR -------------- MDG ------------


11. Study of “Applied Mechanics” deals with -----------------------------

12. Branch of engineering “ Strength of Materials” deals with ---------------------

PTO

13. The unit of Force is -------------

14. -----------is the energy possessed by a body, for doing work, by virtue of its position.

15. State the Principle of Resolution of Forces.

16. Unit of Moment is --------------

17. A 30mm dia. Steel rod when subjected to an axial tensile force was subjected to a strain of 0.60x10-3 . Find the tensile force that caused the above strain. Take E=200 kN/mm2

18. 1 Pascal (Pa) = ------ Newton/m2

19. Compressive stress can be defined or described as an internal force in a material resisting a … e) pulling load. f) shearing load. g) pulling and shearing load. h) pushing load.

20. Which ONE of the following is a definition of Hooke's law?

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e) The measurement of the extension or contraction of a bar when an external load is applied.

f) The stress value required to produce unit strain in a tensile specimen of a particular material.

g) A measurement of the deformation produced by the application of an external force.

h) Strain is directly proportional to the stress it causes, provided that the limit of proportionality is not exceeded.

------------x----------

ANATOMY

11. Anatomy is e) the study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts.f) the study of how the body and its parts function.g) the study of the body and its interaction with the environment.h) All of the above are correct answers

12. The Tibia is found in the e) femoral region.f) popliteal region.g) crural region.h) inguinal region.

13. Appendicular meanse) Headf) Neckg) Trunkh) Limbs

14. A muscle that plays a major role in causing joint movement is known as e) Agonistf) Prime moverg) Antagonisth) Assistive mover

15. Pectoralis major is ------in shape

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e) Triangular f) Unipennateg) Bipennateh) Rhomboid

16. Scapula is -------bonee) Longf) Shortg) Irregularh) Flat

17. Ligament connect d) one bone to anothere) muscle to bonef) one muscle to another

18. Example of connective tissue ise) Bonef) Bloodg) Cartilageh) All the above

19. Diarthrodial joints ared) freely movablee) slightly movablef) immovable

20. Excitable neural cell that transfer nerve impulses is known as e) nervous tissuef) neurogliag) neuronh) nerves

PTO

-----------XXXX----------

COMPUTER SCIENCE

1. MICR stands fora. Magnetic Ink Character Reader b. Magnetic Ink Code Readerc. Magnetic Ink Cases Reader d. None

2. CD-ROM stands fora. Compactable Read Only Memory b. Compact Data Read Only Memoryc. Compactable Disk Read Only Memory d. Compact Disk Read Only Memory

3. What is a light pen?a. A Mechanical Input device b. Optical input devicec. Electronic input device d. Optical output device

4. A CPU containsa. a card reader and a printing device b. an analytical engine and a control unitc. a control unit and an arithmetic logic unit d. an arithmetic logic unit and a card reader

5. The amount of vertical space between lines of text in a document is calleda. double-space b. line spacing c. single space d. vertical spacing

6. When a file is saved for the first timea. a copy is automatically printedb. it must be given a name to identify itc. it does not need a named. it only needs a name if it is not going to be printed

7. Which of the following is a storage device?a. Tape b. Hard Disk

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c. Floppy Disk d. All of the above

8. DOS stands fora. Disk Operating System b. Disk operating sessionc. Digital Operating System d. Digital Open system

9. 1 Byte =?a. 8 bits b. 4 bits c. 2 bits d. 9 bits

10. ............. Is the functional key to display save-as box.a. F5 b. F6 c. F9 d. F12

11. .......... is the key we use to run the selected command.a. SHIFT b. TAB c. ENTER d. CTRL

12. The task of performing operations like arithmetic and logical operations is called......a. Processing b. Storingc. Editing d. Sorting

13. Which of the following is not a binary number?a. 001 b. 101 c. 202 d. 110

14. The computer abbreviation KB usually meansa. Key Block b. Kernel Boot c. Kilo Byte d. Kit Bit

15. Note book, laptop,palm,hand-held computers are coming under the category of.........computera. Digital computer b. Mainframe computerc. Portable computer d. Hybrid computer

16. PARAM is an example of:

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a. Super computer b. PCc. Laptop d. PDA

17. .......... are high-end printersa. Inkjet b. Laser c. Thermal d. Dot matrix18. -----------------computer is a medium sized computera. Micro b. Mainframe c. Super d. Mini

19. In a computer, most processing takes place ina. Memory b. RAMc. motherboard d. CPU

20. There is only one worksheet in a spreadsheet (True/False)

21. You organize files by storing them ina. archives b. folders c. indexes d. lists

22. Example of non-numeric data isa. Employee address b. Examination score c. Bank balance d. All of these

23. A normal CD- ROM usually can store up to _________ _data?a. 680 KB b. 680 Bytesc. 680 MB d. 680 GB

24. The output quality of a printer is measured bya. Dot per inch b. Dot per sq. inchc. Dots printed per unit time d. All of above

25. Which of the following is characteristic of the first generation of digital computers?a. vacuum tubes b. transistorsc. semi-conductors d. chips

26. Operating system isa) A collection of hardware components c) A collection of software routinesb) A collection of input-output devices d) none of the above

27. One thousand bytes represent aa)Megabyte b)Gigabyte c)Kilobyte d)None of these

28. Multiple choice examination answer sheets can be evaluated automically bya) Optical Mark Reader b)Optical Character Reader c) Magnetic tape readerd) Magnetic ink character reader.

29. The digital system usually operated on ………system

a) binary b) decimal (c)octal (d) hexadecimal

PTO

30. IC stands for ------------------------------------

FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICITY & ELECTRONICS

1. Differentiate Electricity with Electronics

2. The frequency of DC supply is__________. (A) Zero. (B) 16 2/3 Hz. (C) 50 Hz. (D) 100 Hz

3. The r.m.s. value of sinusoidal 100 V peak to peak is _________ volt.(A) 100/ √2 (B) 50/√ 2 (C) 50 (D) 100

4. In India, electrical power is transmitted by(A) 1 – phase a.c. system. (B) 3-wire d.c. system.(C) 3-phase 3-wire a.c. system. (D) 2-wire d.c. system.

5. Watt hour is the unit of(A) Electric power. (B) Electric capacity. (C) Electric energy. (D) Electric charge

6. Which of the following bulbs will have the least resistance?(A) 220V, 60W (B) 220 V, 100 W (C) 115 V, 60 W (D) 115V, 100 W

PTO

7. Define the following and give their units of measurement:-(i) Resistance.

(ii) Electric Potential.

(iii) Electric current.

PTO

-------------X--------------RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

1. What is the basic reason for studying and understanding Biostatistics?

2. The stages of a malignant disease (cancer) is recorded using the symbols 0, I, II, III, IV. We say that the scale used is: A. IntervalB. RatioC. Ordinal D. Nominal

3. The goal of ___________ is to focus on summarizing and explaining a specific set of data. a. Inferential statistics b. Descriptive statisticsc. None of the above d. All of the above

4. A graph that uses vertical bars to represent data is called a ____. a. Line graph b. Bar graphc. Scatter plot d. Vertical graph

5. ___________ are used when you want to visually examine the relationship between two quantitative variables. a. Bar graphs b. Pie graphs c. Line graphs d. Scatterplots

6. In a grouped frequency distribution, the intervals should be what? a. Mutually exclusive b. Exhaustive

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c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B

7. For a Histogram chart the following statement(s) is/ are true: A. Each bar (class or column) is the same width B. The height of the bars is proportional to that class’s absolute frequency (number of individuals in the class) C. The width of the bars (classes) is obtained by dividing the difference between the maximum and the minimum values in the series we represent to the number of desired classes D. We do not lose any information of the original data series by making such a chart

8. “Qualitative results” refer to:a) Results that can be observed during an experiment.b) Results that are difficult to observe during an experiment.c) Results that require numerical data.d) none of these is correct.

9. Histogram is widely used for -------------data

-------------------x----------------

PTO

P&O WORKSHOP MANAGEMENT

1. Organizations have hierarchical structures becausea) it is convenient to do sob) it is done by every organizationc) specific responsibilities can be assigned for each leveld) it provides opportunities for promotions

2. Materials management is a coordinating function responsible for planning and controlling materials flow. Its objective(s) is/are:a) Maximize the use of the firm's resourcesb) Provide the required level of customer servicec) Both of the aboved) Neither of the above

3. A good planning system must consider:a) What are we going to make?b) What does it take to make it?c) What do we have and need?d) All of the above

4. Storing inventory requires ______________and as inventory increases, so do these costs.a. space and workersb. workers and equipmentc. space and equipmentd. space, workers, and equipment

5. A ________________ is a legal offer to purchase.a) Quotation b) purchase order c) receiving order d)supplier's invoice

6. Outline the Principles of a good Organisation.

PTO

7. Outline the objectives of Material Management

8. Outline the areas of P&O workshop Management

ORTHOPAEDICS & AMPUTATION SURGERY

1. Orthopaedics deals with --------------

2. Which of the following type of fracture represents a three-point force systema) Spiral fractureb) Avulsion fracturec) Transverse fractured) Greenstick fracture

3. The commonest cause of fracture is a) Traumab) Osteoporosisc) Overused) All the above

4. A fracture in which skin remains intact is calleda) Closed fractureb) Open fracturec) Complicated fractured) Comminuted fracture

5. Subluxation is ----------------dislocation ( partial/complete)

6. A partial tear of a ligament is known asa) Stress fracture

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b) Strainc) Spraind) Fatigue fracture

7. Colles’ fracture is at the a) Upper end of the radius b) Lower end of radiusc) Lower end of radius & ulnad) Upper end of radius & ulna

8. The principle(s) of fracture management area) Reductionb) Immobilizationc) Rehabilitation of soft tissues & jointsd) All the above

9. Immediate complication (s) of fracture is /area) Haemorrhageb) Wound infectionc) Deformityd) All the above

10. Fracture which unite in wrong position is termed asa) Delayed unionb) Malunionc) Non-uniond) Cross union

-----------XXXX----------

(PATHOLOGY)

PTO

1. Pathology is the study of -----------

2. In atrophy, the cells area) Dead cellsb) Shrunken cellsc) Irreversibly injured cellsd) Reversibly injured cells

3. Programmed cell death is a) Apoptosisb) Necrosisc) Homeostasisd) autophagy

4. Increased cell mass is called as

a) Atrophyb) Hyperplasiac) Hypertrophyd) Metaplasia

5. Etiology meansa) Morphological changesb) The cause of a diseasec) The mechanism of disease developmentd) Clinical significance

6. The injury characterizes by the intra- and extracellular accumulations of abnormal quantities of a substances is called :a) necrosisb) degenerationc) atrophyd) hypertrophy

7. Reduced oxygen carrying capacity is called

a) ischemia

b) hypoxia

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c) anoxia

d) calcification

8. Cell injuries

a) are reversible

b) are irreversible

c) may be reversible or irreversible

9. Changes occurring in cells & tissues in response to prolonged stimulation etc. are described as

a) adaptation

b) accumulation

c) Resorption

d) Repair

10. Normal cells are in

a) a state of equilibrium

b) a state of homeostasis

c) steady state

d) a state of excessive external stimuli

(PATHOLOGY)

1. In humans, spinal shock is characterized by:A. hypertoniaB. hyperreflexiaC. spastic paralysis

PTO

D. loss of autonomic function

2. Repair is replacement of injured tissue by ---------tissue ( fibrous)

3. Formation of granuloma is

a. Type I hypersensitivity reaction

b. Type II hypersensitivity reaction

c. Type III hypersensitivity reaction

d. Type IV hypersensitivity reaction

4. Which is false about primary union ?

a. Exuberant granulation tissue to fill the gap

b. clear margins

c. uninfected

d. lead to neat linear scar

5. Swine flu influenza virus is

a. H5N1

b. H1N1

c. H5N2

d. H1N2

6. Haemorrhage is --------------------------

7. Hypertrophy can be physiological or pathological and is caused by increased functional demand orby specific hormonal stimulation. Hypertrophy can be best described as:A Abnormal deposition in a cellB Change in cell morphologyC Decrease in cell size

D Increase in cell numberE Increase in cell size and in its organelles

8. A skin biopsy from an anorexic 16-year-old girl showed cellular atrophy. During atrophy:A The cell disappearsB Cellular organelles swellC Cell size decreases

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D Cell size increasesE Protein synthesis increases

9. Apoptotic cells usually exhibit distinctive morphological features. Which one of the following morphological features is usually seen in pure apoptosis?A Cellular swellingB Chromatin condensationC Early disruption of the plasma membraneD Nuclear stabilizationE Phagocytosis of apoptotic bodies by neutrophils

10. Which ONE of the following is not a useful effect of acute inflammation?A. Dilution of toxins.B. Formation of fibrin.C. Phagocytosis.D. Stimulation of immune response.E. Swelling of tissues.

11. Which ONE of the following does not impair healing of a wound?A. Deficiency of galactosamine.B. Deficiency of vitamin C.C. Excess of adrenal glucocorticoid hormones.D. Good vascular supply.E. Tissue hypoxia.

12. Arteriolosclerosis is the result of --------------------(hypertension). (PHYSIOLOGY)

1. The two major parts of the cell are thea) nucleus and the cytoplasmb) nuclear membrane and nucleusc) cell membrane and cytoplasmd) nuclear membrane and cell membrane

2. The basic living unit of the body is the -----------

3. Maintenance of nearly constant conditions in the internal environment of the body is known as -------------------

4. Most control systems of the body act by a) negative feedback controlb ) positive feedback controlc) Adaptive Controld) feed-forward control

5. The principal fluid medium of the cell is a) Waterb) Proteins

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c) ionsd) electrolytes

6. The major function of red blood cells is to transport------haemoglobin----

7. When a cell membrane moves molecules or ions “uphill” against a concentration gradient; the process is called ---------------(Active Transport /Diffusion)

8. The --------------------------------are called the “powerhouses” of the cell.

9. The most important functions of the Na+ -K+ pump is to control the ----control the volume of each

cell-----------------

10. After birth, red blood cells are produced exclusively in thea) Bone Marrowb) Spleenc) Liverd) Lymph Nodes.

------------xxxxxx-----------

PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION

1. A physical disability isa. usually concurrent with a mental disability.b. a condition that incapacitates the skeletal, muscular, and/or neurological systems of the body to some degree.c. the same as a health impairment.d. a condition that is caused by an accident.

2. Most individuals believe that disabilities become handicaps only whena. the government so defines them.b. society uses them as a reason to discriminate against people.c. they are severe enough to limit mobility and social interaction.d. they require continual medical care.

3. Any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function is known asa) Diseaseb) Impairment

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c) Disabilityd) Handicap

4. Which of the following best describes the difference between terms handicap & Impairment ?

a) Handicap refers to loss of social role

b) Impairment refers to inability to perform a complex task

c) Handicap refers to irreversible loss

d) Impairment refers to loss of social role.

5. Horne et al. referred to amputation as triple insult, as it bringsa) loss of function, b) loss of sensation, and c) loss or change of ------------------------

6. A medical/psychological approach emphasizes that disability isa) a characteristic that makes an individual abnormal.b) created by social and environmental barriers to participationc) an inability that makes a person inferior to others.d) an individual attitude more than a physical condition

7. When using a social/political approach, dealing with disability involves

a) treatment to make a person as normal as possible.b) efforts to eliminate social and physical barriers that limit participationc) developing assistive technologies that eliminate physical impairmentsd) teaching normal people to ignore disabilities and treat everyone as normal

8. Full form of CBR --------------- IBR -------------- MDG ------------

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