III. Challenges Deriving integrative results of ExUTLS chemical observations Diagnosing the key...
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![Page 1: III. Challenges Deriving integrative results of ExUTLS chemical observations Diagnosing the key processes that maintain and control the chemical structure.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081520/5697bfd61a28abf838cae1c0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
III. Challenges• Deriving integrative results of ExUTLS
chemical observations
• Diagnosing the key processes that maintain and control the chemical structure
• Reconciling physical models and definitions of the extratropical tropopause
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Challenges (1): Deriving integrative results of ExUTLS chemical observations
• How/what do we use the aircraft observations to quantify? – Fine structure? STE? Transport barriers and pathways?
• What are the “right” quantities to be used as effective metrics for evaluations and constraints of CCMs?– “flux” “budget” and “age spectra”, tracer correlations
• What are the effective coordinates for integrating UTLS observations? – Eql-q, Trop rel Alt., wind speed/jet
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Hintsa et al., 1998
The use of tracer correlations
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Marcy et al., 2004
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Laura Pan, 3/4/08 O3-CO relationship for tropospheric intrusions
All
RF01
RF01,08,09,14
Pittman et al., in progress
Integrative tracer correlations
Atlas et al., Vogel et al., in progress
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START08 workshop 6January 8-9, 2008
Age spectrum derived using NMHC, Ehhalt et al., 2007
Information from tracers of different lifetimes
Age and age spectrum
Ray et al., TuesdayAtlas et al., Wednesday
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Examples of using EqL in the UTLS region for compiling tracer climatology: [Hoor et al.,
2004]
Coordinates for integrating data:
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Tilmes et al., submitted
Profiles in tropopause referenced Rel. Alt
Coordinates for integrating data:
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Dynamical coordinates: wind field/Jet streams:
Ray et al., 2004
Brioude et al., 2004
Combine Jet and Rel Alt, in progress:
Tilmes et al., Manney et al.,
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Challenges (2): diagnosing the key processes that maintain and control the chemical structure
• How do we identify the roles and interactions of multi-scale dynamical processes (i.e., planetary, synoptic, meso-scale including convection and GW)?
– Are small scale processes important?
• How do we identify, model and quantify mixing?
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Stone et al., in progress
Vogel et al., Konopka et al, Tuesday
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DTP and TIL: are they results of the same process?
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Challenges (3): Physical models and Definitions of the extratropical tropopause (ExTP)
• How do we best characterize the ExTP as a transport boundary?
• How do we reconcile the multiple existing conceptual models/definitions of the ExTP?
• What processes control the occurrence and spatial extent of multiple tropopauses?
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The Dichotomy of the Tropopause Definitions
Palmen & Newton, 1969 Shapiro & Keyser, 1990
“The Thermal Tropopause” “The Dynamical Tropopause”
(WMO, 1957) (Reed, 1955, Danielsen, 1968; Shapiro, 1980; WMO, 1986; Holton et al., 1995;…)
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Adapted from Chapter 2 WMO (2002), Law, Cox & Haynes
Extratropical Transition Layer - ExTL?
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Chemical Tropopause using tracer correlations?
Zahn, 2003
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Statistical “Chemopause” or ExTL
Pan et al., 2007
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ExTL vs TTL
Tropics: Two physical boundaries
Extratropics: one physical boundary
Gettelman and Foster, 2002
Birner, 2006
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ExTL vs TTL – existence of multiple horizontal boundaries
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Expectations to the workshop
• Emerging pictures -> Conceptual framework?
• From Mainz workshop 2005: “well defined terminology” “STE=STT/TST”, “ExTL”
• Broader picture: How is the extratropical UTLS coupled to the tropical UTLS? The processes near the subtropical break?