IIDA, ASID, and AIA Course number:
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Transcript of IIDA, ASID, and AIA Course number:
COURSE TITLE: A STUDENT’S PERSPECTIVE TO THEIR LIVING AND LEARNING ENVIRONMENT – FROM AN EVIDENCE BASED VANTAGE POINT.
IIDA, ASID, and AIA Course number:
Learning Objectives
• Choice of college revealed through national surveys
• Finish Selections through Evidence Based Design process increases student achievement
• Where sustainability fits into the collegiate environment
Diversified Needs of a Campus
Administration
Housing
Food Service
Athletics
Academic
Bookstore
Library
Lower Student Enrollment Increases Collegiate Competition
High school graduates down 7.5%
through 2015
Community colleges declined
1%
Source: US Dept of Education 2010, Commission on Higher Education
When the competition gets tough…
Source: Generation X Finance & OnlineUniversity.com Statistics
• Laptops• Tablets• Luxury recreation centers• Exotic dining options• Laundry delivery service
Source: "The American Freshman: National Norms for Fall 2001," published by American Council on Education and University of California at Los Angeles Higher Education Research Institute2000 vs. 2011
Essential Life Objectives of College Students2000 vs 2011
Becoming successful in my own business up 2%
Influencing social valuesup 4%50
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9073.6 72.3
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78.1 74.769.1
20002011
Source: "The American Freshman: National Norms for Fall 2001," published by American Council on Education and University of California at Los Angeles Higher Education Research Institute2000 vs. 2011
Essential Life Objectives of College Students2000 vs 2011
Becoming involved in programs to clean up the environment
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Why do students select the college they attend?
Source: Chronicle of Higher Education – Student Data
Good Jobs 56.5%
Cost 41.6%
Visit 41.4%Size 39.8%
Gain Admission to Post-Graduate Schools 34.6%
Near Home 20.1%
Website 19.2%
Can a facility secure a student’s decision?
Source: Association of Higher Education Facility Officers: Facilities play a key role in students’ enrollment decisions
Considered "Extremely Impor-tant" by Students
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8073.6
53.650.9 49.8
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35.6 34.6 34.4
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Facilities dedicated for ma-jor
Library
Sophisticated technology
Classrooms
Residence Halls
Exercise facility
Bookstore
Open space
Dining Hall
Can a facility deter a student’s decision?
Source: Association of Higher Education Facility Officers: Facilities play a key role in students’ enrollment decisions
• 26% of respondents rejected an institution because an important building was inadequate
• 16.6% nixed a college because an important facility was poorly maintained.
What do parents say?
Source: Longmire and Company 2010 Study of Parents: How they evaluate colleges and influence enrollment
Parental Input
Source: Longmire and Company 2010 Study of Parents: How they evaluate colleges and influence enrollment
Parental Input
Source: Longmire and Company 2010 Study of Parents: How they evaluate colleges and influence enrollment
Technology- Search Engines
2011 & 2012 Pew Research: Pew internet and American Life Project
94%
75%
54%
• College students average 109.5 text messages per day – that’s about 3,200 per month.
• 66% of students use a smartphone. 87% of teachers say these technologies are creating an “easily distracted generation with short attention spans”.
Technology- Mobile Devices
What does Facebook tell us college students LIKE?
What does the student say about their environment?
Student Preference on Design
Source: Designing Colleges for More than Just ConnectivitySource: Changing Course: Connecting Campus Design to a New Kind of Student
– Gensler Design + Performance Report
Student Preference on Design
Source: Designing Colleges for More than Just ConnectivitySource: Changing Course: Connecting Campus Design to a New Kind of Student
– Gensler Design + Performance Report
Student Preference for Studying
Source: Designing Colleges for More than Just ConnectivitySource: Changing Course: Connecting Campus Design to a New Kind of Student
– Gensler Design + Performance Report
Student Preference on Studying
Source: Designing Colleges for More than Just ConnectivitySource: Changing Course: Connecting Campus Design to a New Kind of Student
– Gensler Design + Performance Report
Student Preference on Studying
Source: Designing Colleges for More than Just ConnectivitySource: Changing Course: Connecting Campus Design to a New Kind of Student
– Gensler Design + Performance Report
Student achievement vs Cleanliness
Cleanliness and learning in Higher Education: April 2008 Jeffery Campbell Ph. D, Brigham Young and APPA
Clean Facilities Research
• There are 5 levels of APPA Cleanliness so a baseline was put into place, which is recommended for any type of measurement.
• Level One – Orderly Spotlessness• Level Two – Ordinary Tidiness
• Level Three – Casual Inattention• Level Four – Moderate Dinginess
• Level Five – Pig Pen and Nasty
Cleanliness and learning in Higher Education: April 2008 Jeffery Campbell Ph. D, Brigham Young and APPA
Clean Facilities Research
Research Conclusion:
• 84% said they absolutely prefer a level 1 or 2 to create a good education environment and 80% said cleanliness affected their achievement levels.
• Facility Cleanliness is ranked as the 4th student concern. The top 3 were noise, lighting, and air temperature.
• Students also acknowledged that personal health was linked to a clean building
Cleanliness and learning in Higher Education: April 2008 Jeffery Campbell Ph. D, Brigham Young and APPA
Building conditions affect student achievement
Source:Cleanliness and Learning in Higher Education / APPA / CFaR, Building conditions affect student achievement
Building conditions affect student achievement
Source:Cleanliness and Learning in Higher Education / APPA / CFaR, Building conditions affect student achievement
What do students say?
Source: Cleanliness and learning in Higher Education: April 2008 Jeffery Campbell Ph. D with APPA ; Tandus field survey 2012
Evidence Based Design
• Evidence Based Design is the process of basing decisions about the built environment on credible research to assure the best possible outcome.• Financial • Safety • Satisfaction • Economic
KIRK HAMILTON D., Research Informed Design & Outcomes for Healthcare, in Evidence Based Hospital Design Forum, Washington, January 2009
Evidence Based Design
How can evidence shape our decisions…
Goals: Credible research- facts and
experience Inform the user Predictable OR Preventable
outcomes
What does the research say?
Cleanliness and learning in Higher Education: April 2008 Jeffery Campbell Ph. D with APPA ; Tandus field survey 2012
• Acoustics• Thermal• Cleanable• Durable• Safety• Maintainable• Improve IAQ• ROI• Moisture Management
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS)
Combination of ailments associated with an individual's place of work or residence.
Symptoms:• sensory irritation of the eyes, nose, throat• neurotoxic or general health problems• skin irritation• nonspecific hypersensitivity reactions• odor and taste sensations
Causes• HVAC/Indoor Air Quality• Other contributing elements may include poor lighting and adverse
ergonomic conditions, temperature extremes, noise, and psychological stresses that may have both individual and interpersonal impact.
Source: epa.gov
Sick Building Syndrome: IAQ
New Research Numerous studies on topic
cited in research First study showing
resuspension of particulates 12x more on hard surface
(VCT) on airborne or settled dust
5x more on broadloom (carpet with seams) on airborne or settled dust
Settled Dust is associated with Sick Building Syndrome
Source: Atmospheric Environment: Particle loading and resuspension related to floor coverings in education environment University of Tulsa 2012 by Dr. Richard Shaughnessy.
VCTT: Resuspension Research
Source: Atmospheric Environment: Particle loading and resuspension related to floor coverings in education environment University of Tulsa 2012 by Dr. Richard Shaughnessy.
Moisture Impermeable products, like Hybrid Resilient, reduces respirable exposure to resuspended dust.
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150 grams per square meter Carpet Shed
Broadloom
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50 grams per square meter 100 grams per square meter
150 grams per square meter Carpet Shed
Hybrid Resilient
Loads: 50 g/m2 100 g/m2
150 g/m2
VCTT: Settled Dust Research
Source: Atmospheric Environment: Particle loading and resuspension related to floor coverings in education environment University of Tulsa 2012 by Dr. Richard Shaughnessy.
Pre Day 1 Day 2 Day 30
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0.474 0.288 0 0.692 0.999
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7.5 7.5 7.5
Students Hours Grams
Weather: SunshineActivity: Indoor Recess
Weather: SunshineActivity: Indoor Recess
Weather: CloudyActivity: Outdoor Recess
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IAQ During Maintenance
Burnishing VCT
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10:00 AM 11:00 AM 12:00 PM 1:00 PM 2:00 PM 3:00 PM 4:00 PM 5:00 PM
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2.5 micron aerosol10.0 micron aerosolcarbon dioxide
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Source: Bill Turner; Turner Research Group
Slip and Fall• #1 in accidents in
commercial buildings in which over 70% are on hard surfaces
• 2nd cause of accidental death (#1 is car accident)
• Leading category of serious personal injury in commercial buildings
• Leading cause of non-fatal injury representing 1/3 of injured persons and 1/5 of non-hospitalized persons each year
Source: US CDC & National Center for Injury Prevention and Control
Slip and Fall
ASTM D2047Coefficient of friction• Textile wet or dry .8• Dangerous by OCEA .45• Ice .30• *VCT .15
Source: Bunterngchit Y. et al. “Age Related Effects of Transitional Floor Surfaces and Obstruction of View on Gait Characteristics Related to Slips and Falls”. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. 25 (3).223-232. 2000
Slip and Fall
Net Effect:• Average liability award for settlement of a slip
and fall injury $60,000 - $100,000• Average salary of a college professor $81,500• Not including the cost the reputation of the
institution
Source: Nationwide Insurance / CNN Money
Noise
Long history of voice disorder amongst teachers 11% on average and 58% report a
history $2.5 billion annually in sick leave for
teachers with vocal problems Vocal Dysfunction directly related to Job
Satisfaction, Performance, and Attendance 18% of teachers miss work and 40% limit
classroom activitiesSource: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2004; Katherine Verdolini, Lorraine O. Ramig Review:
“Occupational risks for voice problems”, Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology Vol. 26:37-46, 2001
Acoustics
Closed cellcushion (.22)
Modular(non
cushion)(.14)
Hard Surface(.02) or under
Noise Reduction Coefficient, NRC, rating for student housing is 45db. Powerbond can reduce NRC by 25% in an occupied space.
Source: ITS Interlock Testing Service
Acoustics
Impact Insulation Class, IIC
Student housing usually needs an underlayment installed in the flooring. Hybrid resilient cushion works as your flooring underlayment for an acoustic barrier- achieving a 62 rating.
Acoustics Classroom
• Studies show that students with autism and Asperger’s syndrome have strong sensitivity to noise that can trigger challenging behavior
• 75% of the school day involves listening activities.
Source: Jerry Webster, Asperger’s Syndrome in the Beneral Education Classroom; Nelson P., et al., ”Classroom Acoustics II: Acoustical Barriers to Learning”, Acoustic Society of America, April 2003.
Acoustics Housing
• Irregular sleep negative quality of sleep is proven to lead to: violent behavior, sickness including chronic disease, alcoholism, and limit your ability to learn and listen.
Source: Reite M, Ruddy J, Nagel K. Concise guide to evaluation and management of sleep disorders (3rd ed). American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc., 2002;
Thermal Value: Closed Cell Cushion
50k SF building analysis (2 story) 4% net savings in heating 3% net savings in cooling Flooring insulator “feels” warmer
to user
Source: H.L. Tuner Science Group
Green Products/Environmental
Sustainability
What is Sustainable?
Sustainable Campuses
• 68% of Students said it was important to their selection process.
• Princeton Review green colleges:• Students have a campus quality of life that is both
healthy and sustainable• How well a school is preparing students not only for
employment in a clean energy economy of the 21 century, but also a citizenship in a world now defined by environmental challenges
• How environmentally responsible a schools policies are
Source: Princeton Review of Green Colleges / Natural Awakenings September 2012
Sustainable Colleges
Sustainable Culture…
Sustainable Campuses
• American College and University Presidents Climate Commitment or ACCUPCC• President sign• Eliminate GHG’s from operations• Promote research and education to re - stabilize
earths climate
Source: www.presidentsclimatecommitment.org/
Awareness & Engagement: RecycleMania
Awareness and Engagement Motivate students and staff to increase
recycling efforts and reduce waste generation. Generate attention and support for campus
recycling programs. Encourage colleges to measure and
benchmark recycling activity in their effort to improve their programs over time.
Have a fair and friendly competition.
Awareness & Engagement: RecycleMania
Sustainable Campuses
Carbon Neutral
Source: American University Carbon Neutral 2020 goal brochure
Sustainable Campuses: Common Goals
• Standardization of LEED buildings• Measurable recycling• LEED EBOM• Dashboards• 3rd Party verification on products• Climate Neutral products and Net Zero buildings• LCA (Life Cycle Assessments• Green Cleaning• AASHE / STARS – transparent and self reporting
framework to measure their sustainable performance (by AASHE)
Sustainable Campuses: LEED
• LEED (Leadership Energy Environmental Design)• Most popular in Higher Education buildings• 4.0 in pilot and in question• Financial outcome continual argument• Most campuses committed to sustainability have
a minimum LEED standard for NC• Encompassing EPD
Sustainable Products
Greenwashing:The proliferation of unsubstantiated or ambiguous marking claims that manufacturers make about the environmental attributes of their products.
• Environmentally friendly• “Up to…”
Sustainable Manufacturing
• EMS (Environmental Management System)• ISO 14001 Certified• Safety is a priority?• The right culture starting with the leadership?• 3rd Party Certification on their claims• A History of Innovation around Sustainability• Financially capability
Product Sustainability• Affordable• Resource Efficient• Recycled and Recyclable• Reduces Environmental Impacts• Non-Toxic• Contributes to Indoor Environmental Quality• Durable• Life Cycle Costing• Carbon Neutral• Manufactured in ISO 14001 facility• Manufactured by a culture of Innovative Community• SCS Certified• NSF 140
Lifecyle Assessment
Attempts to quantify the total environmental impact of a material or product by assessing all stages in the life of a material.
• Raw materials• Manufacturing• Use• Disposal
What is the most sustainable product or building?
Conclusion
• Universities are becoming very competitive• Students are aware of their well being, sustainability, and a
sustainable campus• EBD research is a valuable asset to our selection process
and the outcome well being of the student – as well as the financial bottom line• Noise / Indoor Air Quality / Slip and Fall
• Sustainability on campus works for the student and the financial impact of the University• Useful measurement tools are necessary - dashboards• Life Cycle Costing / Life Cycle Assessments are • 3rd Party certified is the only way