IEA December 2014 - A3PS | Rethinking...

IEA December 2014

1 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, he alth and the environment

AXANE


AXANE

Based in Sassenage, France

Axane 100% Air Liquide Subsidiary

3 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, he alth and the environmentAir Liquide, leader mondial des gaz pour l’industrie , la santé et l’environnement.

Axane develops Fuel Cells for application from battery chargers to stationnary autonnomous applications as remote telecom antenas

Towards higher performance and reliability

GE Bay2,5 kW

2011-2012

Commpac 5000,5 kW2009

2,5 kW2010

Mobixane 2,5 kW2006

Roller PAC2 kW2003

Polar Observer0,25 kW

2002 2011- 2012

Commpac 5000,5 kW2009

Energy Container2,5 kW2010

Mobixane 2,5 kW2006

Roller PAC2 kW2003

Commpac 250 0,25 kW

Polar Observer0,25 kW

2002

G1 system

20141.5 to 4.5 kW

Battery charger Mobile applications Stationnary applications

Membrane-Electrodes Assemblies (MEA) Power Density End of Life

G22016


Membrane-Electrodes Assemblies (MEA) Power Density End of Life

0,25 W/cm² 0,30 W/cm² 0,36 W/cm² 0,50 W/cm² 0,70 W/cm²

MEA Life Time on the Field

- ~ 800 h ~ 1.500 h 8.000 h � 12.000 h in 2012 12.000 h � 20.000 h

Hydrogen Consumption @ Nominal Power (48 V DC)

- 0,9 Nm3/kWh 0,8 Nm3/kWh 0,7 Nm3/kWh 0,65 Nm3/kWh

Ambiant Temperature Range for Operation and Start Up

+5/+ 30°C +1/+ 40°C +1/+45°C -10/+ 45°C -10/+50°C -20/+55°C -40/+55°C

Up time on the Field

- - - ~ 80 % in 2009 � 99,5 % in 2012 > 99,5 %

Return of Experience from deploiements

� Number of systems deployed, duration, diversity of mode of operation allow statistic work.

� Quantitative determination of operation modes on performance degradation� Data are analysed by category of operating modes.� Only systems having a significant total operating time are taken into account

14000 250014000 2500


Degradation rate of average Cell voltage = -3,5 µV/h/cellCourant stack = 22A

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Axane Fuel Cells deploiements


Highest Durability to date


Campagnes LGV


LGV2_CHATENOIS_2LGV_MEROUXLGV2_NOVILLARDLGV2_RIOZ ANTHON

LGV1_THERVAY_BRANSLGV1_POINTRELGV1_MONTMIREY_LE_CHATEAULGV1_OUGNEY

LGV1_VITREUXLGV1_AUXON_DESSOUSLGV1_CHEVROZLGV1_VORAY_SUR_L_OGNON

LGV2_LES_MAGNYLGV2_VILLERS_LA_VILLELGV2_SAULNOT_CORCELLESLGV2_TAVEYLGV2_VYANS_LE_VAL

■ Des répétiteurs le long des lignes TGV

Lutzelbourg


Lutzelbourg

Emballage HyES Cube

■ Le premier HyES Cube a été livré à ALH2E et a été installé sur le terrain avec succès en janvier 2013.

10 Air Liquide, world leader in gases for industry, he alth and the environment00/00/2012 Doc title

HyPulsion: Material Handling


■ HyPulsion� Joint Venture based in Sassenage , France for Europe’s

material handling markets between Axane and Plug Power, : the world leader of fuel cells for forklifts trucks

80 % AXANE - 20 % PLUG POWER

■ Integrated offer for fuel cell forklifts with HyPuls ion fuel cell power Pack

HYPULSION


Upper Ballast

Hydrogen Storage Module

Covers

Lower Ballast

Fuel Cell Stack

The GenDrive®

■ What are GenDrive fuel cells?� Complete fuel cell engine in a box� Superior alternative to industrial lead-acid

batteries in motive power equipment� PEM based hydrogen fuel cells, coupled with

lithium ion battery to deliver DC power to the forklifts

■ What do GenDrive fuel cells do?


■ What do GenDrive fuel cells do?� Replace lead-acid batteries permanently� Run on hydrogen gas and can be refueled

in as little as 1- 3 min by operator at convenient self-service dispensers

� Produce clean power at constant voltage� Run 1.5-2 times as long as a battery on

order picking trucks� Produce no emissions except water and heat

13

Energy Storage and Generation Technology

• GenDrive is a hybridized DC power source

• PEM based hydrogen fuel cells are coupled with advanced energy storage systems to deliver DC power to the forklifts

DC BUS

Fuel Cell System


Power

Conditioning

Lift Truck

Energy Storage System

24-80 VDC1200 Amp peaks

Lithium ion cells by MGLSystem and BMS by Plug Power

Ballard MK9 SSL stacks10,000 hr durabilityPlug developed BOP & Controls

Hybrid Strategy: Benefits

■ Coupling of high power lithium batteries with hydrogen fuel cells yields many advantages� Fuel cells maintain lithium SOC (output

voltage) at optimum levels

� Fuel cell dynamics are dampened


� Performance of system not adversely affect by cold operating temperatures

� Ability to run longer than a battery and refuel in 2 to 3 minutes

Product Development: Platforms

System Platform Approach

■ Multiple products designed off two common platforms

�High Power Platform: Liquid Cooled FC�Low Power Platform: Air Cooled FC

■ Many critical components shared across all


■ Many critical components shared across all products

�Battery System�Controls�Hydrogen Storage

■ Lowest time /cost to market for new products

■ Lowest component costs and highest reliability

Hydrogen Infrastructure

■ Hydrogen Infrastructure� Delivery, Storage

and Compression on exterior

■ Dispensing � Performed by operators in

convenient location (part of work flow)

� Three step process < 3 minutes■ Data collection cable


■ Data collection cable■ De-watering hose■ Hydrogen nozzle

� Multiple locations if needed■ Opportunity filling■ Eliminates drive time and queuing

Hydrogen Dispensing / Fillings

■ Operating Hours� Over 15 million hours of run time

data collected � ~42 customer sites

■ Hydrogen Dispensing � ~8,000 Fills per day� Indoor Fillings� Performed by Operators


■ Hydrogen Consumption� ~4.5 MT hydrogen per day

*North American Installations

IEA December 2014 - A3PS | Rethinking...

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