•

.... A r ..... Co«·b"",,,,,_. ll.on",ln Un" "f Seb,.... Q&lJ. pp. Iiv.",,_ All dlat,oJU .", '" '\l, 1966 <ditto"

,SOIIlth, We P",no.,d TM," .~'D"~, Recoil""..",.. "I 0 qnoll~ puhlisl>ed No" 1","(, Farrar .nd Rin.h",.

,Rang< c"",,""" ,n Tna." Dakola. and \\"VQ"""~.

r I"," !'reD. 19-~~. l'fi,-.«I, p"nt.d a( O'ln. Wyu , ,n

'. of Oll.h~m. Pr=. 19681,

.....m TN'" ....or/h. p. Ill, Erwin E. 'moth In l~l

... ,.lh, Ubr.!) of Conll"'" pl""Q!" .ph ,,,,ll«'I<In, l.\

, A.IIl,,*,,', f",nlin ~"0'Y ("~'" YD'.' H"I,. Ri""hort,

....... "'.jor ,h,..., '('men on ho""baok on t!><"pon. o:l "'hen lightnIng 'p.-r.<\ to d~",,, on the long horn, _ aJOtI.h l'l hi> m.tL~, ond 'v be ,""'ling d.ath

IIIC1llioned '" tho Am""""" Agrk"I~,,01,,' &",,,,1,, p

IOIP\on ""/nin. 19551, n,., no".1 "'." subt,tled " ,\'0' ,c_ .rId Dunlap, 190.1.

..., ~od [.""god In a",h K"ou;I<!d~, and W'-'<!om

tc:Iiptian of 0 dry dr"" ."d • ",(",n],~h' d",,.,. '" The l!l6-26ll. loeB Frontz and Juli.n E Choate. J' .1'0 rnoJ "'" lh.:,/Hy (Solman' \'n;, 01 OI.I.h"ma P,e;,. L" Sad.:lk, TI\" C"",bO\f " ~ "'"Ii,,,. 10/0/0.1896, S.".

... AI<II..", f><m>Ud B.1""" 1iJ.IG (roronto' R,... "on. lDprlntl. """ 4!>1l, p, Jlil. enlf; lor Th. r':"I' I,,,~"I

.lla", """;n. Tn"--'

, t:hi! .,.Jition.

OI:WIomaP...... 19501. pp:,22-', ~2. l:l';; R"I"',' R, 93, 151.

IIMC.trI, Incl...."'Y. • 'c. P;' Loui" Wood",.,d and I.~, p. 59J of lhe "'p",nr.<\..Jition. B) 1870 CaptaLn

0' "lila'" milo, or .b<J", -'>lJJ.iJOO ao''''1 and o".n..J "' Lo~30,OOJ oolll••onh, ,j,h.. '0 Elli, or 10 Ogoll.lo

~ph)' ,n W""ern Writjng." \\'"""" H..'o....-a!

i I

~

f,

Chasing Dull Knife:A Journal of the Cheyenne Campaign of 1878

By Lieutenant George H. Palmer

Edited by Jerome A. Greene and Peter M. Wright

On a dark night in early September, 1878, a band of Nor­thern Cheyenne Indians left their assigned place of imprisonment at Fort Reno, Indian Territory, and began a memorable trek northward to reach their Montana

homeland. That episode, during which the destitute tribesman pass­ed over a vast portion of the Great Plains while eluding numerous army troops sent to stop them, comprises a elassic chapter in the history of Indian-white confrontations of the nineteenth century.

One of the army participants in thc Cheyenne campaign was Fir."t Lientenant George H. Palmer, A career soldier, Palmcr was raised in upstate New York and Illinois before entering the volnnteer forces in 1861 at the beginning of thc Civil \\'ar. He took part in several significant engagements, notably that at Lexington, Missouri, and emerged from the war a captain of Illinois infantry.

In 1867 Palmer acceptro a commission in the regular army and was sent with the Twenty-seventh U.S. Infantry to guard emigrant trails in Wyoming and Montana. Two years later he was sent to the South. then undergoing ReC'onstrnction, where his ncw regiment. the Sixteenth Infantry, was active in overseeinii:' state and local elec­tions and in assisting federal revenue officials in Mississippi, Ten­nessee, Georgia, Alabama, and Louisiana. With the closc of Reconstruction in 1877, the regiment was shipped west, and Palmer's company took station at Fort \Vallace, in western Kansas near the Colorado line. The assignment of manning this frontier out­post on the plains promised monotony of the worst kind. Scareely a year pa~sed, however, before Palmer found his unit embroiled in one of the more noted campaigns in the annals of Indian warfare.

The following account of the so-called Dull Knife chase and its aftermath, excerpted from the journal of Lieutenant Palmer, highlights one phase of the army's frustrating pursuit of the Cheyen­

25

nes aeross western Kansas. Palmer herein reeounts the day-to-day aetivities and incidents that affected his immediate command, and besides offers some critical insights into the overall conduct of opera­tions against the Indians. The aecount begins with the arrival of Palmer's unit al Fort Wallaee from the Soutb.

In June, 1877, my regiment was ordered to the Department of the Missouri. I We left New Orleans and reached Fort Waltace, Kan­sas, on the 14th of June, 1877.~ Col. [James] Van Voast commands the post .... (In July] the Cheyenne Indians who were being taken to the Indian Territory camped IS miles east of here. J Many of them came to visit the post. I issued rations to 1000 of them. November 4th to 10th, went on buffalo hunt with [Captain Peter M.] Boehm, 4th Cav. Rode gO miles. 4 buffaloes killed.

[In September. 1878,J Cheyenne Indians reported to have left their reservation in the Ind Territory and going north. They are raiding on the settlements.' About 100 men of the 23d Inf, mounted, arrived at Wallace to assist in intercepting the Indians.~ Reported that Indians had been seen near Sheridan Station and had ehased a party of emigrants. My Co. left the post at night on the 1.'3th [of September). Went by rail to Sheridan.e From Sheridan I went with five men on an engine to Gopher Siding where w'e found an aban­doned wagon but no evidence that Indians had been in the vicinity.~

At :2:30 A.M. of the 14th. left Sheridan and marched 7 miles to Gleason's Ranch where we remained until 10 A.M. when Captain [Richard l.J Eskridge with his Mounted Co., 23d In£. arrived from Wallace. We marched in the P.M. to Gopher Siding and made dry camp, getting water from a passing engine. At daylight of the 1.5th, marched to Sheridan Station where we found Maj [Alexander J.] Dallas, 23d, with the remainder of his mounted command. 8

The whole command retumed to Wallace at 4 P.M. 23d [In­fantr:-.'] went into camp. On the 16th I was detailed Post Adjutant. Scout with [on?] 17th reported that Rondlebroek [sic], 4th Cav,~

had had a fight with the Indians on the 13th and had lost 6 men on Bluff Creek10 north of Camp Supply [Indian Territory]. 26th, reported by several that the Indians have crossed the A.T. and S.F. il Rail Road-and confirmed by telegraph-But little has been done to find out just where the Indians are.

September 28th at II P.M., Lt. (Cornelius] Gardner [Gardener], Dr. (T.A.] Davis& 20 of the 4th Cavalry a~ escort came to the post with the body of Lt Col. [William H.] Lewis of the Inf who was killed by the Indians at Big Bend of the Beaver on the 27th

26

herein recounts the day-to-day

~t~i:h~r:::r~~~o~~~~~~~~:r:~ Dunt begins with the arrival of the South.

Is ordered to the Department of ~Ild reached Fort Wallace, Kan­. [James] Van Voast command.~

~ Indians who were being taken iles east of here. 3 Many of them iDS to 1000 of them. November

rith [Captain Peter M.] Boehm, , killed .... re Indians :eported to ha ve left Dry and gOIng north. They are 00 men of the 23d Inf, mounted, ~ceptiJlg the Indians. ~ Reported ,~ridan Station and had chased a e post at night on the 13th [of n. ft From Sheridan I went with

[ding where we found an aban­,ndians bad been in the vicinity.7 ~ridan and marched 7 miles to .!d, until 10 A.M. when Captain ~ted Co.• 23d lnf. arrived from ~o Gopher Siding and made dry rengine. At daylight of the 15th,

we fouRd Maj [Alexander J.] his mounted com mand. 3

to WaHace at 4 P.M. 23d [10­h I was d-etailed Post Adjutant. It ROJ1ldiebrock [sic], 4th Cav,9 the 13th and had lost 6 men on I)ply [Indian Territory)' 26th, ~ave crossed the A. T. and S. F.II aph-But little has been done to

,1., Lt. [Cornelius] Gardner f the 4th Cavalry as escort came (\Villiam H.] Lewis of the Inf Bend of the Beaver on the 27th

"'\,-"

Fort \VaUace, Kansas, from which post Lieutenant Palmer's rompany operated during the Cheyenne raid and after. Sketcb prepared in 1953. Courtesy of the KaIl.."'S State Historical Society, Topeka.

inst in the evening. 13 There were also brought in 2 wounded soldiers. This is the first intimation we had had of tbe whereabouts of the In­dians. The officer in command at the Big Bend has made a fatal omission of duty in not sending a courier at once to inform us of the battle. I't seems that the troops \,,,'ho fought \"ere nlOstJy of the 4th Cavly. That after Lewis wa.s killed there was no one to properly direct affairs and the Indian moved off at dark on the 27th and gain­ed a march on the troops. Capt. ~Clarence! Mauck has assumed [command] of the column aDd \vil! follow on the trail of the Indians.

Today the 20th [28th] Cenl Jeff C Davis arrive at For Wallace and assumed direction of affairs. If He withdrew Capt [Clayton] Hale and Lt [William H.] Vinal from Monument and Carlyle Sta­tions east of here. The 29th we took the Cars and with Ceni Davis went by rail to Monument. Returned at 1 P.M. At 4 P.M. the 29th, we heard that the Indians had crossed the K.P. Road 's going north on the night of the 28th at or near Carlyle Station, from which pl.ace Lt Vinal had been withdrawn. Ie If Mauck had sent us word im­mediately after tbe fight we would have been in front of tbe Indians before they crossed.

In the afternoon a command was got ready to go in pursuit of

27

Lieutenant George H. Palmer, Si)(leenth Infantry, as he appeared in the 189ih. Note Medal of Honor Palmer received for his service at Lexington, Missouri, during the Civil War. Courtesy of General Bmce Palmer, Jr.

the Indians who are reported as raiding [and] killing the settlers north east of here. The command consisted of Co "F," Lt Palmer; Co "G," Lt [Leven C.) Allen; "H," Hale & Vinal. (Captain Duncan M.] Vance in command. The detachment of 29 men of the 4th Cav­ly which brought in Lewis' body accompained us, also Dr. Davis. Marched with 10 days ration & 5 wagons. On the 29th we camped at the RR station [near] Wallace.

Sept 30th, Marched at daylight-noon halt at Lake Creek-and after crossing north Smoky made dry camp. White bere, Dodge, a Scout, arrived with orders from GenJ Davis to change our course more to the east as the Indians were raiding on

28

,th Infantr:-', as he appeared in the 1890s. ris service at Lexington. Missouri, during Palmer. Jr.

~aiding (and] killing the settlers .consisted of Co "F," Lt Palmer; Hale & Vinal. [Captain Duncan I nment of 29 men of the 4th Cav­Iccompained us, also Dr. Davis.I4·agons. On the 29th we camped

aylight-noon halt at Lake ~moky made dry camp. While !ith orders from Genl Davis to ~ as the Indians were raiding on

I~I

c.,e.e."'­

Woman \. RDute Df Dull Knife '$

\. Cheyennes, \. 1878

I :"eln,lSka

C "? ~ l..

o :>

V

Map of northwestern Kansas at the time of the Cheyenne CaITIpaign of 1878.

Solomon river. 17

October 1st, marched to Beaver Creek & made noon camp. Oc­tober 2d, marched down Beaver & passed Major Dallas in camp with 2.3d InE mounted. Camp.ed 41/2 miles above the forks. On the 3d, marched to the forks of Beaver and learned that the Indians had crossed 15 miles below on the 2d, going north with Capt Mauck of the 4th Cavly in pursuit. III The Indians had raided on Beaver and Sappa Creeks and had secured about 100 fresh horses. [They] killed about 20 men and women and ravished a number of girls, one of whom, a school teacher, had been stretched on the ground and secured by stakes driven in the ground and outraged by nvteen of the fiends. Her hair was cut off and after the Indians left her she crawled into the creek and remained there until the Indians had passed. At this time she is at a ranch at the forks of the Beaver .19 At 11 A.M. of the 3d we continued the pursuit with the mounted 23d in advance. We struck the Indian trail about 12 M and followed it to

29

the Republican and, marching durin~ the night, reached the Republican at 1 i\.M. of the 4th inst. A march of about 40 miles. On the 4th Maj Dallas fontinuoo on the trail. And a scout from Gen'l Davis carried an order for our return to Wallaf:t>. We (the 16th In\) started on return march via forh of the Republican. (No water in South fork of the Republican.) Al Big Timber found good supply of water. gr~ & wood. iO On 5th. camped on divide between Big Timber and Beaver Creek. No water in this camp. On the 6th. mar­ched to beaver dams on Bt::aver Creek-found no water in the north fork of the Beaver. On the 7th, camped on North fork of the Smokey where we found water. On the 8th, marched to Wallace, rea~hjng

there at 12 M Tolal marched during the raid, 220 miles. On the 13th we learned that the Indiam had crossed the

V.P.R.R. and no body had yet caught them. Alter crm~ing three linos of rail wad and as many lines of troops, the Indians were final­ly forced to surrender at Camp Robinsun. Nebraska. i

' It seems miraculous that two or three brigadiers, four or five ~olonels, majors and about a thousand men in good positions with wagons, rail roads and telegraph~ were unable to stop lhe march of this party of 50 warriors who earried their women and children with them and rode bruken down ponies from the Indian Territory away into Nebraslca. It When the Indians t:cossed the rail road on our line, Col [Captain Francis S.] Dodge [Ninth Cavalry] was wandering around in wagons on the Smokey, south of Sheridan [Station]. Dallas with all the mounted men was about 40 miles south of Wallace, and the 16th Infty were at Fort Wallace and at this time the Indians crossed at Carlyle 50 miles east of Wallace. We can now see that our troops should all have been on the rail road and all east of Sheridan with cars ready to carry them to where the Tndia05 crossed.

A most fatal error was in the failure ~o ~end at once a me:;­~enger from the battle field at Big Bend of South Beaver to Fort Wallace The battle at the Big Bt:nd of South Heaver wao; on the eve of the 27th, News brought to Wallaee by U. Gardner (,tic], Dr. Davis and 20 eavly. [They reached Fort WaUace] with the body of Col Lewis at 11 P.M. of lh~ 28th. at whieh hour the Indians were cn~sing at Carlyle. From WallllCl" to the battlefield b 46 mll("S. A messt:!nger on a good horse could have brought us the nev."5 in Rhonrs a.t most whieh would ha\e enabled our troops to mO\'e in the proper direction early on thp morning of the 28th and place themselv~ in front of the Indians some hours before they could havp possibly reached the rail road. Lt Gardner [sic] would have done a good thing by detaching N:O of his tv,:cnty men and sending them with all

30

'during the night, reached the ~. A march of about 40 miles. On

e trail. And a scout from Gen'l n to Wallace. We (the 16th In£)

[of the Repuhlican. (No water in ig Tj~ber found good supply of ~amped on divide between Bigh in this camp. On the 6th, mar-

k-found no water in the north lped on North fork of the Smokey , marched ,to Wallace, reaching g the raid, 220 miles.

H the Indians had crossed the ught them. After crossing three f troops, the Indians were final­obinsoll. Nebraska. 21 It seems

iers, four or five colonels, majors positions with wagons, rail roads

the march of this party of 50 lnd children with them and rode

Indian Territory away ioto W the rail road on Our line, Col

avalryJ was wandering around Sheridan [Station). Dallas with miles south of Wallace, and the ~ at this time the Indians crossed We can now see that our troops d and all east of Sheridan with the Indians crossed. failure to send at once a mes­Bend of South Beaver to Fort

. of South Beaver was on the eve lace by Lt. Gardner [sic], Dr. Fort Wallace] with the body of it which hour the Indians were Ito the battlefield is 46 miles. A re brought us the news in 8 hours ,mr troops to move in the proper re 28th and place themsel ves in efore they could have possibly I [sic) would have done a good I' men and sending them with all

Chief Dull Knife of the Northern Cheyennes who led hi!; tribesmen in their at­tempt to return to Montana in IS7S- Courte~' of the Kan~ State Historical Socit'lv. Topeka.

speed before hvm to WallaceY On the 10th of October Capt Hale (H Co) returned to his sta­

tion at Ft. Riley. On the 1st and 2d [of November] I went to Hays Ci­ty & made entry of 160 acres land at Wallace. 00 the 3d of Nov. the Cheynoe Indians (Standing Elk) reached Wallace in Charge of Capt Mauck, 4th Cav., en route to the IrJdian Territory. These were not the band of Indians who made the raid in September.~4 On the 6th Lt. [Lea] Febbiger fFebiger] arrived with the horses of the 23d used in pursuit of the Cheyennes. My Co., "F," 16th lrlf, is to be mounted on them for scouting duty south of Wallace. Co. mounted Dec I, 1878.

The Co. mounted on the 9th of April, [1879,] started on scout. Camped at Allen Clarks Ranch on Rose Creek. 10th, marched S.E. 17 mi and camped on Punished Woman Creek at [Samuel B.] Schracks Ranch. The forks of this creek are 4 mi above this camp. lIth, marched S.E. to Poison, or White Woman, Creek, 16 miles,

31

and camped at Schracks old hunting camp. 12th, marched down Poison Creek 6 mi and found watcr here. No water below herc so reported. From here, Illarched due north lO~'2 mi to Punished Woman or South BeaVtT and camped at 2:30 P.M.~~

April 19th, Co. scouted s()ll~h east. Crossed Butte Cr~k IO mi from Post. Camped on Chalk Creek 16 mi from Wallace. Found lit· tie water. We should have borne more to the east after cro.~ing

Dulte Creek. Api 2Uth, marched down Chalk, or Hackberry, 18 mile~ and camped-found but little water in holes. Apl 21st, con· tinued down Chalk miles and made permanent camp on the trail from north fork of Smokey to Big Bend of Beaver. Here we found flne grass, wood and water. To Fort \\-'allace from here is abollt 36 miles.. April 22d, Capt [William G.] W{edeme:v'er] returTI€d to Wallace for forage.

On the 23rd 1 marl'hed with Lt. ~Charles R.J Tyler and 14 men on the Indian trail of last year and rcaehed the battle field at Big Bend of South Beaver at 12:.'30 P.M., 11 mi from our camp. At 2 P.M., marched down Beaver 2 mi then east along canOn and camped at Ed COurt's Dugout, 2 1/il mi from mouth of canon. Finf' wood. water and grass here. A bad place to teach with heavy wagons. On the 24th, marched to camp which we reached 2 P.M. Total marr~herl 28 miles.

On the 25th. marched to Spring Canon, east of camp. Marched around the head of the canon which puts in from the south, and down east side until about 2 mi from its mouth whcre we found a fine spring of exeellent water, plenty of wood and grass. From camp via head of canon, 9 mi. Marched back to camp via valley of Hackberry, or Chalk, Creek, 7 miles. Total, 16 miles. 26th, Capt W. returned from Wallace,

On the 1st [01 May], Co. marched east to Punished Woman Creek, 11 miles. With 2 men 1 went up the creek to Courts Ranch and retuIllcd, 14 miles. May 3d, marched to north west-crossed Hackberry and Butte Creeks which were dry-and reaehed the Smokey 10 miles from ~tarting place and c<uuped 2 mi east oj Uld Smokey Hill Stage Station.~tl Found here wood, watel and grass.

On the 4th, [marched] to mouth of North Smokey 19 miles and camped near Mathews Ranch. To day neat Smokey Hill Station we came upon a dead Indian who had been killed during the raid last summer. Some cowLoy had dragged him to the road side an~d]

thrust one of his legs into a prairie dog hole, leaving him half reclin­ing with his fbody) turned ~ide ways and upward. His skin had tirled and stiffened on his bon~, his scalp was bare and he presented a

32

•

:ng camp. 12th, rnarcht>d down i:l' here. No water below here so ue north lOV~ mi to Punished led at 2:30 P.M.~5

east. Crossed Butte Creek 10 mi : 16 mi from \Vallace. Found lit­more to the cast after crossing :lawn Chalk, or Hackberry, 18 e water in holes. ApI 21st, con­Ie permanent eamp on the trail Bend of Beaver. Here we found 1 WallaC€ from here is about 36 G. J W[ edemeyer] returned to

:. [Charles R.] Tyler and 14 men I f6a('hed the battle field at Big of" 14 mi from our camp. At 2 ni then east along canon and mi from mouth of canon. Fine

,ad place to reach with heavy ::amp which we reached 2 P.M.

~Canon, east of camp. Marched ch puts in from the south, and ,m its month where we found a ,of wood and grass. From camp d back to camp via valley of es. Total, 16 miles. 26th, Capt

'Ched east to punished Woman t up the creek to Courts Ranch lluched to north west-crossed h were dry-and reached the e and eamped 2 mi east of Old here wood, water and grasS.

b. of North Smokey 19 miles and ay near Smokey Hill Station we been killed during the raid last !d him to the road side an[ d] >g hole, leaving him half reclin­and upward. His skin had dried ~ was bare and he presented a

horrid appearance 10 passers by. We thought to taking him to Wallace bot the ~teneh was too much and we left him as we found him sitting at the side of the road. On the 5th we marched to Wallaee 16 miles. Total marched on this .~eont, 150 miles. (Since 19th Api)

On the 12th day of May I marched with II men to scout south of post. At the top of the bluffs five miles from the post a severe hail storm eame on and \\.'C took shelter under the rocks. Just as the storm had abated a message came from the post with orders to return. The company was ordered to go into the Indian Territory to keep settlers off Indian lands. The papers report that thousands are pouring into the Territory. Our experience there proved that these reports were utterly groundless. We found no more than 3 unauthorized persons where WP were stationed, although the presence of troops thcre had the effeet of keeping people from coming in. h there no place on this earth where an Indian ean rest in peace?

Lieutenant Palmer's chronieling of his unit's participation in the pursuit of the Northern Cheyennes and its aftermath points up the tough reality of Indian eampaigning in Kansas during the 187fk Moreover, his aceount is particnlarly useful for two reasons: first, the campaign and any criticism thpt{'ln of his superiors at{' above military politics. Unlike most army memoirs of the day, Palmer's views were neither eolored by anticipated advanccment nor tailored for eventual publication. Second, the detail pro\'ided in regard to western Kansas place names is helpful in locating with some preci­sion the sites where local events occurred as described by Palmer. The~ factors combine to make Palmer's narrative a significant con­tribution to our knowledge of the Army's Cheyenne campaign in 18i8.

For Palmer, the years immediatPly following the Dull Knill' ehase were mild by comparison. Hp remained assigned to Fort \Vallace nntil October, 1880, when his unit was sent to the arid flatlands of central Texas where it nndertook patrolling details and roadbuilding exercises. Palmer wa< quartered at Forb Concho and Stockton until 1883. Two ypars later hc won promotion to captain while still in Texas, and ewntually he saw servj(;e in Utah and Washington state. During thc Spanish-American \Var Palmer led troops in the campaign of Santiago de Cuba and participated in the assault on San Joan Hill. Weary and ill from the accrned effects of thirty-seven years active dnty on the plains and in the tropics, Major

33

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'''j1~"d '....'ull "'ll "0"[" ';)101 """OX "'l' "'0'1 '~OOl; '0 \u,,,,.,,,]d.p ,"1\ '~I p.• []"' ,,,'»c.,, 'u,," 1""'"1,

',~til ·,-"1w....O ''''1'''''>0.1.." ll,\, ''','''0''''.\\ .~, ''''''''J Ii".) .",-,m:t ,)~, r, '1"":) !1D'l '~L P[Unu:) remll"J pu~ ~,~'p"l u.W<l'I)UO'j ~L~I"f '-.ru"X u"'''..'11 ~~OOl~.1 ''''1 .,uu..i.~;;

"'~~1-10",U.. '''''''0,1 ""ill"~ puo :[~-7L ·dd "1001 'II~~' III 'ljjJ,)"""O '~"'"!I ''''';I~uV [",",[0:-0 0' ,L;;] '" '''''''''\.1 ""pu, 1VI ..u,.' '~'D ""4""'; >01' '4.".. ".·~'>d uo",.~ 1"' II:! J" \\ I~\ . U"'""\1 0, \o.><ld,· '''1' jC ''''d "....,".X 'p"":)J P"11 >[ou)llJna "II '0 'P"O-'S "~7 .-''''O'P"! '~1 ',milO:) "uu>(] .,,,]11 ....,, 0;'[1 dd 'J,,~~r

'""<ldS\ 1.\\..... 'O"""I"n() {,j '<>P'""'~J '"L~I 'I""ll 'Jt":>; IInO .,~, J" "'''.J.. 'u01iu,-,0:) .'11 "'W"r ..... '~'" ,UW .',uu","~:J '~I J" uo,,,'o,,,p 101 o"'PIfY" D~I In,,,," I'"~ U."'''." lltl 'll~\O ')f; 'I"r~" q<'." ·~c"\ .~ ""I"",d..., V' ,qi"u ,~, 'C!,np O"~\! uo; 'o'u d",n ""'~, tUO'1 14t11J~OOl "'P••I ''''1'0 P"~ )1°"1\ 'Il'!"I 'WU)! [1"0 'pu'I,,,,o'l "U',"v,., "'~, u, ",,,.-,, y, \'''''''''''''a ",.rpuj <01' 01 "~,I ..p ,~~noJg ..'u.,mgn, .-><Io,d P"~ ''''Iddn, 1~"f"W

''''0'''' J" Sl'''"~' ur lU.\<cU',.,o;; ."1' JO '"'''''mp''' ~Ui"'»' '~1 p"~ ""11 u' 11°1' ",,~., po~ ""''-'''0 ""H,.i,~:) ''''41-1''\ -.., J" ,".w h',W" O",,,.J",....,p p>'q p.~ ,LBI 1'''' ~~~1 U! "'"1'''''.1 ""'puI '~1 UI"'i·",d.:),

~'O ." ",;'4"1

",'lil'u,~" ',\1 J~~I 0, ~9~1 "'04 ·"n"."", '~, fo "",n,lIG r""'!m'" ,~, "'~" n "'''''P'! 'I'"OJl ~"," ""'""~"~"J io P'OJ'II ''-'"1''''1 o"rul '''0'11 ""-' ,,'u i'"_~l ~~.d.,V 1"" >uu""'I:) .~\ l' ~,.nj "OI'1'W "run p->.,u,~ '"'-""I[~O '"0''' ~u!pnpm ""orp"l r,,~no~, ~ 'i'"." 'L~91 '" "nj"v uO ""~Id Ul"~"OU~' uo ~~ 1JL~I

l" '".\' ""U>""~J""lO'~ ,)~, ~"<"olloJ """"'.1 ".rp"1 '~1 01 ,.,."'w" "".... "u',a''''~J u.,~"o ...1'l.1.,

~~ 01 '~1 '~I 'dd '~,~l "01'\ fO Ii>",=~ ,~, fO ",M'I/ 1-1n''"'!1\ ~q'Jo lU~wu.d.O '41 "Iqjf." '''''''.''''[

,.~,""" P'U!l"" ~"""I 'UdW'll<co '~I J" "~",.,,"" "4' 'L~81 ""01 u, "'-"n'.'I'. ''OJ 01 ,u..-"',~ '\"UOJ"I ~'U"'''I1S ,~, J0:> pu' -' "'loodw,,:) ',[UO ',n'fi~r dd 'lfIil'6I '-'"51) 1l.\X ·.,..",mlJ0:J IV"!-'''''''JI ~"o'S ""'"")I ;"""01-, .•~,

VI UU"~I"lI 5;1 pu. "011".'1'. ''OJ... i."wo~\U"J~ ~U"'.oj '''~ 011 " .."",I" """ ~'Il)O "O\"~ ''''iOU''' V ,9g1 U> ~"I'~~

J~ '['l~\l .~,,, P-'l1'~ ·..."r•..,., I'll w~"I".' ]11"'''.:1 -'."p.~L!\1 'OJ p"U1~U .... Ir""'[-<,'9~p "'"[]1IM "oi"

!', d' rh~;,r '''0 l><uq";11 '~2H "".\1 f' ""O"'~':,"¥: fO "odJII ''''''.1 'l< oqrJ p'" "J18 "'''j 1"'. ·',o,w".l <nlPul .i,v\lu".1 '-"!""I\ .'''.'' .. II'" '" ·''P.'''1~J P'" ',.,,,~ ~ '''''U'lIl '''"''''''1\ I" ,,,••, "'1' f"".'~"" '''n'",,'1\ .4' JO ""'''''0 "."r~ >~, "I~"·~ ruo,~,"pqn, d,,,,",,"U'WpH mOl JO ~,,~ ·!·,""",W ,~,)O 1u~W1,"d.-Ia,

';'110N

'Ja~l!1 ~,Il!a.-\ Olt\l Ullql aWlU aInH pa~p

aH '6681 'to' .uenJq<J...:r uo };WlIl alp WO.lJ paJq<JJ J<JWIlld 'H <J)3JO<J~

"

•

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~ army on February 27. 1899. He

'".

" ..a......bdi'"i''''' .'iH,m 'he lol~Lt." Dh'I<,on of '~e

&lid Cal""'do..., ...11 .. !'i<~ lol"'Lc~' Terri'o". lnd,on .. ~" of "'a,. I~" '\\·"~'nil'on. 18791. p 5,.

e-..J Willi.", M.l. W.If"(~. lulled., Ih. Battle of ·Fr.,," "'O"t",m.,~ ... f ort W,Il.", and I" IId.t,on to I26-IWilk pp I!l-'l-~. 0,,1, f:omp.n,,,, " .nd C "I th,. " ~ ..",olnder of ,I.. "L(lmen, b,,,o" .,,,~,,ed '0 oth~,

-4tNS«7r!0'Y0jWo, 1,\;, pp. If;, I:. 1U 97

lIoID 1"'--';\01)' lollo~''''~ ,hi' ',ou,-Cl.e'·"nne \h, "r '0 th"","od Ind,,",. ,neluding 10.", chlld,e". a""'ed __, fort Reno. I"d,an 1e",,0" R"""'d 01

ilIIo" oj 1M M"",,,,,, fro'" 11;61< '0 !-lS2 11I'0,h;n1l:IOn.

lloo<l b.-..! dlS>llti>f.,lion an\on~ m.n) of ,h,· "'ortherll

ilIindiffe"""", of 'he ~u"'''nmen' ,n ",.tters "f ,al'om. .. ~ India",. De"'mmed to 'du'n io ,h." Mon'.", ru..., hum Ihei' ('amp n~", fort Reno dutlng Ib" n,~h' d ...., 140 ohildren f", dL'<"u,-"on "I th,· Ch~"en"",

, R.u:l, 187~." Ch",,,,c!,,, of O<lahoma X,XI'I hpdn~

wS...d, or 'he IJ~II K",j_ /laid IC"a,d. K.n"" P""" • -Wh,' the r<orthem Cb~.'·enll .. l.,.f, Ind,an T"Hl'on 19o; B. pp 72-lil: and Ram'on Powe". 'The :-ort""n

mon. Indianoand Cultu,.1 Conflio' ' Th" T'a;l C"ide r, o...mber. 19,2\

!<IOp1 I",,,,, ,~ Ka""at fort, .IQn~ ,~,. ~.o,a, P"crli(' 1e",ldlen lroLn 10' Ind.an T''''lm'..'·.a,;' 2';" mell fonl" repmen" I."", f'", fl.,. Hd,"'. \\,.11.,,·.•"d ",1""".".""fon\\..JI ..·,· ,,2~, f,,,,I,,-oj,,p,,,,,,,,,, '" punu" I,,",, ,,,, loJ,.,,·I, ,,,,,',". ,. ,,·· ..',·,1 i"<c'" ;~o<T1lan lmn'''''' ,,' t!ll.~,,,,,. p"," "'-'-'" 1'1'

"', numbered 'hLtly mo"n'ed inl."'nm,n T<I'~'.m,

e.-.oJ at f "rtleo"en",',,,,". ~ .n~ '"I",'ml><-, l:l uDeport"""" V"I (>';, ''''OIl.I.,,,'h;''''.ll-1e,<.I,,,,

.. at fort \\'0110""""'''-.:1 h",uperoo,",., fort lea""n_ IIow..J thot Ind'.m made ,",,;, appea,,,,,,· and th., .....t Adi"l.nt Cene,,,I, >ep'eml><, 14. 1878. Ib,d

""" 'bal ",me "r ,~. Ind,a".' w,,,,, <n<.n'l'"d a I~",

djn""" c;..,.,oJ. ""['«"ml><-, H. 1~7" Ibid

• onliIled rna" "','h ,h< .'(,."n,,0 RIfle' 'lal'" Ibe f "" "","d li<u',n.o, '0 '0,· rO''''h c.,.ln P'Ulllotctl '0 IlIr>.rtouan1. "'l".in. and o"lO' d"'lIlg 'h,' w., for ...... • "d ., ",1m•..\I.hama ""l~~"i"eh hom qlW'1r<mUl<t.•nd "·at ,d'.n,,~1 to oapt.", ,h",n~

-.-oJ ""->n IroM h'm "".I,) l)f 1><>'" conduct and :Iod hi. d,,"';....1 "om ,he ~""'e R~"dlelm:.. k "".,

Imalh .II"",-.,j ", ,."t<, ",hieb bo' diu in July, 1879 He dIed .\1"01 n, IS8U ,,"om II H,i"n.n 'co"'~ " H..to"caJ R.r'<'.... a..J D",Mo,,",'Y oJ ,!>.- Un;led Slat", A"""~ lro," 1759 '" JIJfXJ. 2 "~I, I....... ~in!"o"_ 10031. I, e2J

'''T1" '~""M<n''''"( OC<'urr..d near Turk"" Sp,;"~'. Indian Terrilo",. follo,",'ing.n "~"",-,,,,I,,l '110"'0 ....' ,".d. 'h. ~·ioo1n..n C~<o"'" to return to ~'ort Rano. Invol,-ed ",ere Compo"'''' G and H, Fou"h C., oj,}. uMet C.p"'" R.~delh,oc'. C.,,,.lh,,, fQr the a'my ""mbe....:! ih"", dead. moludjn~ an .' ..p.ho "".1. "nd ,I"... w"uncil'd. ; .. P"... ~. W"gl,t. ·'n,· Pm,o,1 of Dull Knile f",m Fort Reno'-- Ch'enir/'" oj u.tIQh~".a. Xl.VI iSumo,",. 1'11;1;). ~'p. I1,-~S. Ceorge Bird Grinnell 'tah."J thai f".., Cheyenne< we<e "."und><l. bu' (ha' none were lill..l. f'" F,~hl",~ Cn......'""" (Norman Unh'er<itj' of OkI.homo 1'""", 1056). p. ~05. A' leo;t "oeof ,I", ,.,hlieT5 ....' 'ill,., 'he ne" dO', "'I"e",,,-,, 14 G,,,,~,· W Webb 'oomp.). Ch'onQlo~kol L"I of Engagc"''''H' Bet",e"" Ih~

lie~"lor Arm y "j '~I' I '"""I S,"", "tlri Vat\"'" T"b...·aj /fo'itie Inri""" ",·h,eh O".,."ed J)""ne '~e l"ea'" lTOO ,,, I~:'b', I"d"..." ,5, j'''''l'h' II 'n~ f'rin!in~ and PubllShln~ Coml"n', 1~1'JI. p. 5~

".\tob''''n. Tnpeh. and S.n'o f~

"Th. cattlemen "'".. ne\·erthd",,, "omid.,,., '''al ,~u""" 'If i"r'J,,',,"~n ..~"dln~ 'he ,.'h~..ab"u" or ,h,· Chey~nne< 1-'0" \-"0"", wi,'" fnrt le",'~nwnrt~ '1 loa,,· ":n' wo..J '.0 all ,h~",,,I<n,~n ""hom I <.n ,~.ob to 'eep • ,h.rp lookout fo' lnd,.m. and to Infon" m...t "OW ,I .n' ".o,.-,{ ,hd' p",,,n,.,,.,,, d'.,eo",,,,1 Va" V"",I 10 ,\,mtant AdJut.nt Gene,ol, "'p'embe, 12. 1~7~ F"rt ......11."'. U1t<" "'",

"This fl~h, took pIa"" .!omS lh. PunIShed Woman'.' fo,k '" 'ne Smoh l-1.ll R,,·.,. The Ind;.,1S ~ad laid. trop fo' 'he l'cor>' whIch f.;],0, w,tb the ",Idlets ~oinin. Ib~ iml;.'i",. AI'e, 'b"h"""in~or L<""L'. ho",·"et. the .ron offe"''''e collap;ed and 'he Che,'",,,,,,, "';I~J",,,, uml., <"0'.' ,,j doth"". I "o"n'';"K 'hd, .d"on"" norlhw• .-.i 10,_ ""1,,,0 w",,' ,I ....<hmenl> of Compome> D. f, alld ,~. ~,,,,'t... nlb Inl'n''', ..,d de,.d.n"",, of Comp.OIe> B f C. H and I. foortb Ca,..I" ll",o.dofEngow""",<" p. flO, \\'<l>b. Ch,anologicol LIS'. p, 8~ Pil",,, ", mi,l.'<n reg",dm~ tb~ da'e of U'" L" > de.lh "He d",j [on ~"pl<mbe, 18.1 ab<,ut twenty_<e".n bou" an~, ,h. 'e<oer' iry" of the "'lu". ~.";n~ been "0""port'" '0 w!thin [ill",,, ""I", of Fort Walloc., Kan,. a"d ab<,ot 'h;,.ry ",;I~ I'om '.h• pl.ce ",he,e he w., ",'""ndctl· R"""rt oj Ih" s.c.etory of 1'.'0'. 18791 ..... "-<0;n~on, l~flOl. p, 406,

"Colon.1 00"'" "d"ec,jo" of .noi"·· .n'~;[L-.:I ondoinK (he plan of operatIon .I,eod" undert.ke" I,) I. leul .. non' Col"o.1 Van 110"" Van '-0..'( had p"'V..ed a tro", uf 'oIl","d cO" 10.Jed "d'h ,uppH", and read,. to ~o .0" ur ,.....' al • m'Jm.n'·' n~'i"",. On II~ a"i'af. D"'\5 ",dered 'he t""n unloaded. d.,irinK '0 work ,ou(h 'nJ eo" of fon WolJa""n <I,~ d",,,~ion 01 P"n,,~.-d W~m.n·, fo,'. MO"'g"me,,'. "'hrt W.llo"",'· P 274, Da'" ""ed h" <uperlo'" on "'r'embe, 2~ f,~'" F,," W~ILIc" "1 no" know ",·h.,.. 'he IndIO"" ate olld oan beil'n '0 ope'.'. in t~llIge,,'h Ped", ':ily ',K.n,..' Timn. 0",,,1><, 5. 1~7~

"K.",,,, h'ili, lloJI",.d

"D"'i, ~",d<o,h '"mm"I"! a toohooJ maf Ln ~,de,mg the """loci,.",al of troop, from Carlyle "arlO" I"" than '''''<nt)-fon, hOUr> bel" .. ,~, Ch<)'eo"", ",,,...~i Ih' ,.;Im.d at (hat pomt. "It w., no> ant,clpot-ed th.1 'be In­d..n, "'nuld em" a, la' e,,' ., Cul"I, "0';"", ",·I"c;' I< e,·.o e..,; of Monumen' Sta"oo and '-'. ('0".... quem", lhere "'e", n" "'a,p' .. Ih'l 1,1 ..., lo in'w",p' ,hem" Dodge Cu. Ti~,,~. O<"Jl-.·, 'i. I~'~

"It I, behe"ed 'ho' the m"""nge, ...., A.J.. Dod~., for '"" ...... '''r> a '.,ad~, ,"d h'ck--bu.'", ;n 10" Fort Wallace atea D"dge ",.., a' 0""' l,me pO>t ,uUer al fort Walla"" .nd .1><""",,,i a., depOl" ,~"'-;H of Efl~ Cnun'y Kan,,,,. Mon(~ome,y. 'f"n Walla,,,." PI'. o!.';l, 2.';3: ~eb,,,," fli>to"all L G D~lay '" '0< ,,j'ta,,. lol." I~,

1972,

".\(."ok·, Onlt wa., lb. onl,' o.'·alry employed in the Kan..., I,b.,., "f Ih,' ru,,"". 000......,'1><-' •. Bngad'e' C."",.llohn Pope. commanding the Dep.rtment or Ib"loli",,,,ri, ~',ot, M.io, Cenetol Po;lIl' H '"<"d.n.O,,·i ­'ion ~f ,~~ ~;""uro oummand.,-, th.l '"'he abseil"" 01 ca,'oJ" in 'be d<l'a~m"n' i< ""e"I,' lell, ... o ,rIO' m.ke 1l 'mr,.<·',cobl.,~ in'e,,,,,p' 'h"", India"," ~"""" oj II>.- 5ecrelOry of 1'.'0'. I~'~, ~ .lJ

,,'" ~<><J<l ."",unt nf C~",'enn" d."ma'io", .~.inSl the Kan"" "lOle" "PI""'" in 'The G,eol Cheyenne Ch..... '" T,,,thf,,1 Aoc,",nt b)' a D'agoon Who P.rtic,p.'ctl", It, 'C,'p' on f,I<.t 'he Ol><,lin ~tu"",m. Oberlm Konoal Doted.t fot\ Ren", Ind;.n Te'ri'o". Decemb<', 2~. 15'B. 'he p.p'" ",.,,-, "",Wen b) .n anonymous '1'X>l"" 01 ,;,he, Camponf C n, H of the f"",t~ C",·"I". O",pi(, ,he autboi, cOll'ention th'l hi' «,0< Ih,' "onl.' "",hI"1 ,,,,,-,,,,,,, "'"' p"bH,hed," il """'ins "ncertain ,..h~", ,I,e ,""Uno e,·,,, ,,,.,,oed prinl. 'he pub],ca'"," hOi n'" t_n iden'ihed, See al>o th~ "'fIOrt 01 Cap'a'n I\ed,·m,·.'<,. Octobe' ~5. 18~8. cop' 1Il f"lde, 2 1>0, l211. WoJ,er ~. Campbell Coll""i~n. W",'em H",.o" r:;~II",,'iM;. l'n,,'e"LI\ of Okl.hom. lib,",). No'man . Okl.bom.

"'B\g Tlmbe, "'0; a p,or"" .",.'h or ,,,!ton,,,,,,,,1 "..., at a po,nt on 'he Rep"bllcan Ili,e, th,rt,_fh" mil...

35

o.l~"· 'h, "",,·hno' fo'k. Ibe """ "",,·he...! ol~nQ<-\\h'" 'ide"r Ih< ,\,eo... (,,, ot.;.u' l-JUli..n <>.1I,~. o(f<rtn~.

,harp oonlr""j ",I'h ,he o,her..·'''' boo",n 'errain io lha' I""ol~, "'<"_QTdmg h, one ... h" lca"enL'd :he tu'to In 'he IHW., "he", we", ""era! 'pring> ",,,In~ in al ,hIS pl."". and on Ihe e.!~e .nd 'hrou~h 'h,' limbe" ".-<re den.. !Vo>~n" 01 ~, .... Eu~.n. r. w., •., r~" J"d",n \I.·Of ~1 ,_ \:o.~", ,,,,,,,~, M.~,,,·, I'reol, 19oo,. P :>;1.

"C.m~ Robin"ln ...... I",·oled 'nnorlhw"'h'm Nebn..k. 01".... to 'he D.'al. hne. Named in memor; of Fir>!: L,~uknan' 1_,"; H, R",in>on ,,1 'he f,'.u<1""n,h In;~",.T:' "hB "'~ k;!,,<1 b' I~di~", i' W'·ommg. til, P"" ....., bu,I' m Ma,,'", IS't. 10 'lood I!".,d ove, Siou.z 10,l;a'" 'oamin~ ,I." neorb~' RI.d Hills ,."..;"n Tb, Red Cloud Indlon ~""no' ...... d"", b,' ~obe" \\'. F,.,,,, F"". of Ih~ w,.<t (Normao, Un,,'e;<il~ of Okl.homo I'r",-" lOO~J. p, 00 .

.>.L:uolil· ,he lnd ..", hod ,~\;t ;lI1n I"'" ~7n"I'" On< und.. O,ll Knil< en~apJ ,h. t,oop.;" bo"l. in 'he >';.b,o;ta ,.ndhlll,. bot ... ., lo'oed 10 ,ur"'nd", '" c<mlm<meol., Camp R~bon..," In Janu...... 1~7~, ,h"", In. d,on' ,I.ge.! On outb"",' ,,"'h,d, """ '""m man" !,\.,., ,I.hec tho' 'h"'" Che.'enn", mocnmbed 10 o:,,1,tor)' po,.,er .nd "'en' perm'".d ", "-",,,1...·"h m, T'" "n Si~", " \led Clu",J 'l.S,n", Tn~ 0(11..,. '.nd. II"l b,· l,H:I. W.,lf, "J<. "",.Jed ,,, " ••ohm" ,h. Ton~u. R,,·., I,wuel."d in Moot.no ""he", ,,·entu.[iI· 'he go·.-.rnnlenl.Uo...e.! tbe Ind'am '0 "'m.in, C"oneU. f'Khlm~ Ch'1'''''''~' pp. 4~~2" Pe'er J Po",dl, 5",,,,,, M.dj<,ne.. He CQnl,nuing Rok oJ rh< .-;""",d .~,",a~·,. ,h,S~n non".•rd 'f« "'"....llhf!.w 110' In \""Mrn CII.ey""", /(~.!O"'. ~ "01> (Normon Cni.e""y 01 O.I_hnm. Pres>. 1!l69). I. 11.1__ T;, >ee <1.<0, Jolon ;;tonu In r;",be,.",j M"KOI L'be1:) , Clwy""n~

M_mo"" 1:- .... H.-e" ra!e Uni.e,,,,) r""", 19MI. PI'- 2-}l·39.

"1;", i<.n uod""...,""nL· Ihe ehe;""n",' pl.n 01 .""PO r"'luired ,h., lh.y ""·u,. fr",h '''moun'' 'n order '0 h"p m",i"~ no,,~ "ith ,h. ulm"".-peed 10 thot end the, m_noierllo ob'a'ned moo.' n,",,' ho"",". indudin~

",On'- ,h.n )1<",. h'mdN<l hud ('urn ~"" ,",,,·11 ;r,l~n< '-hoan and LO;'el R.,ch tu G"'.ge T ",mho"" OecemlJ.r 12. 16", m C"",,,,, 1, "'n'hony PoPO'" Kama< ,t... H,,'oric.1 -,,''''.')'. T"I"''',

"Pal",,, .-.een,,"~h hl.",<,<! 00'1< C.p""" \l."d, ."d L,<",.~.", C"<I<",, f'" ""~I,\,,,,,," ,n n,' ",odon. \m·

mood'"'e '~'Ord '" FOTl W.lfa", nf Ibe Jo~h' on S<l".ml>er 27, therel" f'u'''"mg ",,'" erro"" 'u bl"", Ihe mO'e mon' north of ,h~ Che",nn", Wh","« :he- "ponion w'" ",dd,. ,har'od i, unknnwn. 'hw~h Pa!ow', "'pc_'ed ollu_

'",''' to Iloe m.tt" proo.hh pro\·id,·. R"'-,d inde> '" I~e , ....." \. 'h"\;h~ "\,,'o~ iun"""n,,,,,,, ,I toP ""'"

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Pl-" 131_·J3,

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LI",,"~I, ~'e"ern 0;"",,-, c."'l'mg ',.!I,o {rom 'ne .\I''''''''i R"" '0''''" '0 JJ~n"'- aboo' IJOO "'il'" dLIl'''' ""m,,ou' ".Unn, .nd ronco« h"rdered '" coo"", 0,,", 0 WiOlI",,- The T<a"'PMlolwfi f"'nli". JI:i05-189i1 ,,, ..... i'~,i· Holl. lIineh'" .~j W"""'f.. l%>\,. pp 1·t

36