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I. England:
The Glorious
Revolution
Parliament: English lawmaking body.
House of Lords and the House of Commons
Protestant: a Christian who is NOT Catholic
The Church of England: EXACTLY the same
as Catholicism except the head of the
church is the KING (7 sacraments)
A. Monarchs Defy Parliament
1. King James I (Catholic) and King
Charles I (Catholic) both upset
Parliament (lots of Protestants).
2. Charles I signed the Petition of
Right, which limited the monarchy
and protected people’s rights.
*agreed to get their consent to tax
B. The English Civil War
1. After Charles I ignored the petition and continued to upset Parliament, the English Civil War broke out in 1642.
2. Oliver Cromwell led the protestants against the Monarch. He won and became a dictator.
3. Charles I was executed.
C. The Restoration
1. Unhappy with a military rule, Parliament restored the monarchywith King Charles II in 1660 (after Cromwell's death).
2. His brother, King James II’s Catholic beliefs and favoritism upset his subjects.
1. A bloodless overthrow of
James II in 1688 led to the rule
of Protestants Mary and William
of Orange.
2. This was known as the
Glorious Revolution.
D. The Glorious Revolution
E. Limits on Monarch’s Power
1. England became a
constitutional monarchy.
2. The English Bill of Rights
in 1689 listed the things a
ruler could not do and
protected people’s rights.
II.
The American
Revolution
A. American Independence
1. Britain’s American colonies
were upset with King George III
for taxing them.
2. In 1776, Thomas Jefferson
borrowed John Locke’s ideas
and wrote the Declaration of
Independence.
B. The Influence of the
Enlightenment
1. Americans were influenced by Enlightenment
ideas like consent of the governed, natural
rights, separation of powers, democracy, free
speech, religious toleration, rights of the
accused, etc.
C. The American Revolution
1. France under King Louis XVI helped
Americans fight their rival, Britain, in the
American Revolutionary War.
2. Americans shocked the world by winning
their independence in 1783.
D. Americans Create a
Republic
1. The Constitution outlined the
American government’s structure.
2. Using Montesquieu’s ideas, a
federal system of government with
three separate branches and a
system of checks and balances was
created.
D. Americans Create a
Republic
3. Ten amendments known as
the Bill of Rights were added
to the Constitution to provide
protections for the people.
4. Many of these rights came
from Voltaire, Rousseau, and
Locke.