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Transcript of 1 You will compare and contrast with the following: Glorious Revolution American Revolution French...
1
You will compare and contrast with the following:
• Glorious Revolution• American Revolution• French Revolution• Russian Revolution
Started in Britain It was slow, uneven
process. Production shifted
from simple hand tools to complex machines
New sources of power replaced humans and animals
Since it began 250 years ago it has spread throughout the world.
Humans
Animals
Water
Steam Power
Coal
Electricity
Oil
Nuclear Power
Neolithic Agricultural Revolution took place 12,000 years ago
Second Agricultural Revolution - 300 years ago
Fertilizers, Turnips, Mixed Soil, Crop rotationEnclosure movement
Results were dramatic.
Effect?Farm laborers lost work – migrated to cities
JETHRO TULL’S SEED DRILL
ENCLOSURE MOVEMENT
What was the cause of this explosion? Stable food supply Declining death
rate Reduced risk of
famine Better hygiene and
sanitation Less disease Increased infant
mortality
Mechanization of production Cottage industries or putting out
systems were replaced by factories Urbanization People become consumers rather
than producers Poverty New inventions transform cityscape. Positive and negative changes.How
did this happen?
Natural Resources Coal Iron ore Human Resources New Technology Economic
conditions – capital & demand
Political & Social Conditions
COAL IRON ORE
Due to Agricultural Revolution workers were displaced
Was surplus labor Migrated to the cities for work Worked in factories or Coal mines Iron Ore mines 2. New Technology
Britain was the leader in technology in the early industrial revolution
Overseas empire enriched economy
Business acquired wealth (capital)
Capital was used to invest in huge enterprises such as mines, railroads & factories.
Population explosion boosted demand for goods
Economic prosperity enabled middle & upper class to become consumers of new products produced by industrial revolution
FACTORY WORK COTTAGE INDUSTRY
Labor conditions Sweatshops Child Labor Low Wages 12 hour days in some cases 6-7 days a week Hazardous working conditions No workers compensation for injuries Exploitation
Section 4: Political & Economic Responses
Adam Smith and Laissez-Faire
Thomas Malthus on Population
David Recardo on Wages
Jeremy Bentham John Stuart Mills