Hybridization of Carbon. Ground state orbital fill diagram of Carbon Carbon has 6 electrons 1s 2s 2p...
-
Upload
ronald-fox -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
0
Transcript of Hybridization of Carbon. Ground state orbital fill diagram of Carbon Carbon has 6 electrons 1s 2s 2p...
![Page 1: Hybridization of Carbon. Ground state orbital fill diagram of Carbon Carbon has 6 electrons 1s 2s 2p According to this electron configuration carbon has.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082821/5697c0101a28abf838ccace4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Hybridization of Carbon
![Page 2: Hybridization of Carbon. Ground state orbital fill diagram of Carbon Carbon has 6 electrons 1s 2s 2p According to this electron configuration carbon has.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082821/5697c0101a28abf838ccace4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Ground state orbital fill diagram of Carbon
Carbon has 6 electrons
1s 2s 2p
According to this electron configuration carbon has ONLY 2 lone electrons available for bonding.
![Page 3: Hybridization of Carbon. Ground state orbital fill diagram of Carbon Carbon has 6 electrons 1s 2s 2p According to this electron configuration carbon has.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082821/5697c0101a28abf838ccace4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
However, it is known that when carbon has 4 single bonds in a compound , those bonds are identical and spaced evenly apart.
Carbon will absorb energy when bonding and the electrons will move into an excited state.
![Page 4: Hybridization of Carbon. Ground state orbital fill diagram of Carbon Carbon has 6 electrons 1s 2s 2p According to this electron configuration carbon has.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082821/5697c0101a28abf838ccace4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Excited state orbital fill diagram of Carbon
Carbon still has 6 electrons, but one of the s electrons “jumps” to a higher energy level.
1s 2s 2p
According to this electron configuration carbon now has 4 electrons available for bonding.
![Page 5: Hybridization of Carbon. Ground state orbital fill diagram of Carbon Carbon has 6 electrons 1s 2s 2p According to this electron configuration carbon has.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082821/5697c0101a28abf838ccace4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Excited state orbital fill diagram of Carbon
1s 2s 2p
This excited state configuration has 2 different types of orbitals, so if carbon bonded in this state, it would NOT have 4 equivalent bonds.
![Page 6: Hybridization of Carbon. Ground state orbital fill diagram of Carbon Carbon has 6 electrons 1s 2s 2p According to this electron configuration carbon has.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082821/5697c0101a28abf838ccace4/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
In 1931 Linus Pauling proposed HYBRIDIZATION, which explains HOW carbon forms 4 equivalent bonds; it does not explain WHY.
1s 4sp3
The s and p orbitals hybridize, forming a new type of orbital called an sp. The 4 indicates that there are 4 bonds…1 came from the s and 3 came from the p.
![Page 7: Hybridization of Carbon. Ground state orbital fill diagram of Carbon Carbon has 6 electrons 1s 2s 2p According to this electron configuration carbon has.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082821/5697c0101a28abf838ccace4/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
*Boron is another element that will hybridize. It will form 3 equivalent bonds. Its hybridization is 3sp2.
*Write the ground state orbital fill diagram.
*Write excited state orbital fill diagram.
*Write the orbital fill diagram for 3sp2.